溶剂化作用

Methods The cells were divided into 5 treatment groups（10,25,50,75 and 100 μmol·L-1 QUE）, blank control and menstruum control group. The rat C6 cells were cultivated to 1×106·mL-1 in the RPMI 1640 medium, then added into 96 holes board with various doses of QUE by 3 holes per group,and MTT assay was used to observe the proliferation of the cells treated for 24,48 and 72 h. The change of cell cycle was also observed by flow cytometry after the cells were treated with 50 and 100 μmol·L-1 QUE for 48 h. The changes of the protein P53 and Bcl-2 of C6 cells treated with 50 μmol·L-1 QUE for 48 h were detected by immunocytochemical methods.

按QUE浓度分成10、25、50、75及100 μmol·L-15个处理组和空白对照组及溶剂对照组，大鼠脑胶质瘤C6细胞在RPMI 1640培养基中生长达1×106·mL-1后，在96孔板中分别加入上述浓度的QUE继续培养，每组设3复孔，作用24、48及72 h，采用MTT比色法检测QUE对大鼠脑胶质瘤C6细胞的增殖抑制情况，流式细胞术对50及100 μmol·L-1的QUE作用48 h的大鼠脑胶质瘤C6细胞进行周期分析，免疫组化法检测50 μmol·L-1的QUE作用48 h 的p53和bcl-2基因产物。

During the preparation of AlOOH sol , Effects of peptizator, H2O/AL,hydrolysis time, hydrolysis temperature, aging time and composition were studied, it had been found that preparation period could be shortened by extending hydrolysis time. It was possibily because that , iso-propanol produced in the reaction could be volatilized when extending hydrolysis time, its harmful role to peptization process could be avoid in this condition.

在制备AlOOH溶胶过程中，系统研究了胶溶剂、H2O/AL、水解温度、水解时间、陈化温度和陈化时间的影响，并首次发现了延长水解时间可以显著缩短制膜周期，通过分析认为延长水解时间可以使反应过程中生成的异丙醇挥发出去，避免了其对胶溶过程的阻碍作用。

The tryptophan residues play important roles in DNA photoreactivation catalyzed by CPD photolyases. We have investigated the action mechanism concerning Trp in DNA photoreactivation, and obtained the results as follows: 1 We proposed a mechanism of photosensitized splitting of CPDs by Trp and Trp-containing peptides. 2 Quantum yields of splitting of the model compounds that a Trp linked covalently a CPD were obtained under 290 nm light in various solvents, these values changing with solvent, range from 0.01 to 0.5. 3 Utilizing pulse radiolysis technique, splitting processes were observed in aqueous solution of the CPDs with hydrated electron and some oxidative species (such as hydroxyl radical, bromic radical and azide radical), and obtained their rate constants. In the case of interaction between CPD and hydrated electron, splitting of the CPD anion, and pyrimidine anion transfer an electron to FAD or Rf, were observed. The process rate was slower one order more than that in photolyase. Minor, but highly mutagenic UV-light-induced lesions are (6-4) photoproducts, which are repaired by (6-4) photolyases. These enzymes, discovered in 1993, are not well characterized and their mechanism is still under investigation.

我们研究它的作用机理，获得以下结果：1）建立了色氨酸及其肽对嘧啶二聚体光敏化裂解的直接修复作用机理模型；2）获得了色氨酸共价键连接于嘧啶二聚体的化合物在多种溶剂中290nm光辐照裂解的量子效率，其值随溶剂而变化，范围在0.01-0.5；3）运用脉冲辐解观察到嘧啶二聚体与水合电子和一些氧化性的自由基作用裂解过程，得到相应速率常数；对二聚体与水合电子作用发生裂解以及向FAD返还电子的过程进行了体外模拟；4）（6-4）光解酶的作用机理中一个关键假定是氧杂环丁烷中间体在接受电子后能自发裂解，恢复二嘧啶的结构。

The amphiphiles, 4-8, can not form reverse bilayers in organic solvent, which result in that the molecular interactions unable to meet the need for hydrophile-lypophile balance, so that they crystallize and exhibit no gelling abilities. The mono-chained L-alanine derivatives, 1-3, can self-assemble into bilayer aggregates, through intermolecular hydrogen bonding and homochiral effect in a number of organic liquids, which are juxtaposed and interlocked by van der Waals interaction, and finally gelate the organic liquids.

单链酰基化L-丙胺酸两亲物1-3在一些低极性的有机溶剂可以通过分子间氢键相互作用及同手性聚集作用形成有序的反双分子膜结构，这些有序反双分子膜结构单元依靠vander Waals力相互作用可以平行排列且相互之间进行连结形成长纤维状的聚集体，纤维状聚集体在有机介质中可以进一步相互连结形成三维网状结构，进而胶凝有机溶剂。

Research result indicated that the cooperative effect between swell and precursor is main factor for the nanoparticle loaded in Nafion, and moreover, polarity of solvent and water content in Nafion also affects the load largely. To improve away the surface concentration of CdS nanocrystal on two side of membrane for general preparation, thioacetamide was first used as a precursor instead of inorganic sulfur source(H2S and Na2S) in synthesis of CdS nanocrystal. The assembly mechanism for several sulfur source had been studied, and CdS/Nafion with the character of homogeneous disperse had been prepared, which is fit for mass transmission in photocatalitic reaction. Following the investigation of several crystallizing way, simple and reliable hydrothermal-crystallizing was found. According to this way, maximal TiO2 load in Nafion achieved 43%. Activity of TiO2/Nafion or CdS/Nafion as a photocatalyst was explored initially for disintegrating liquid contamination. Maximal decompose rate achieved 86% under condition of this research.

研究结果表明：Nafion膜对纳米粒子负载量的主要影响因素是溶胀作用与前驱体协同效应，同时溶剂极性和薄膜含水量对负载量也影响相当大；本课题首次使用硫代乙酰胺代替传统无机硫源（H2S、Na2S）合成CdS纳晶，研究了各种硫源的组装机理，克服了常规技术存在的CdS纳晶趋于膜表面富集的缺点，得到了有利于光催化传质需要的体相均匀分布CdS/Nafion；研究了多种Nafion膜内纳米粒子晶化途径，找到了简单可靠的水热晶化法，TiO2纳晶最高负载量达43％；初步探索了TiO2/Nafion、CdS/Nafion作为光催化剂降解水中模拟污染物的活性，在本实验条件下最高降解率达86％。

Using hydrotreated gas oil as solvent, under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 400 C, a hydrogen partial pressure of 10 MPa and a reaction time of 1 h, a portion of coke deposits could be removed yet without the function of hydrogenating coke.

采用溶剂萃取法除去工业失活催化剂上沉积的焦炭和金属的研究结果表明，用四氢呋喃、吡啶和喹啉这3种含杂原子的有机强溶剂常温萃取催化剂，其去除焦炭能力很弱，而且会因这些溶剂的强吸附作用污染催化剂；盐酸洗涤能有效去除催化剂表面的钙、铁沉积层，但不能去除焦炭；低芳香性的加氢瓦斯油在400 C、H2压力为10MPa、反应1h的条件下可部分去除催化剂上的焦炭，但不具备强的氢化焦炭作用；1，2，3，4-四氢化萘因具有供给原子氢的能力，可以有效地氢化和去除催化剂上的焦炭。

Two series of polyurethane acrylate grafted acrylic resins (Acr-g-TPU-PETA and Acr-gPPU-PETA) self-emulsifying systems are obtained by grafting -NCO group modified polyurethane acrylates with acrylic copolymer prepared from n-butyl acrylate, styrene,βhydroxyethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid The self-emulsifying systems showed Newtonian fluidity with viscosity closed to that of water, the solid contents were around 30% The T〓 of 15～4℃ for dried film before photocuring favored film formation at room temperature DSC and DMA results showed that PU-PETA is compatible with acrylic resin in the grafted resin The TG and dTG curves for Acr-g-PU-PETA samples were substantially different from the corresponding blends, and the brodened dTG peaks for photocured grafted resin suggest that there might be multiple interactions among chain segments The photocued film of the grafted resins self-emulsifying system exhibited good overall properties with polyurethane acrylate grafts ranging from 30% to 50%, and Acr-g-TPU-PETA series showed better properties than Acr-gPPU-PETA series The adhesion of the photocured film was 1～2 grade, impact strength was 50kg-cm and flexibility was 1mm The Shore hardness and the adhesion of the film decreased markedly if PETA was replaced by HEMA as photoactive group due to the lower C=C double bond content in the grafted resin The polyhydroxy amine-linked thioxanthones photoinitiators can be evenly dispersed in self-emulsifying system without color spot appearing in the dried film The films photocured with IV〓～IV〓 generally exhibited higher Shore hardness, gloss and solventresistance than that cured with Irgacure 2959 and did not induce the rusting of the iron substrate Pigmenting with titanium oxide had no effect on the photocuring The polyhydroxy amine-linked thioxanthone IV〓 and IV〓 can be new candidates for the formulation of titanium oxide pigmented photocurable water-borne coatings for their pale-yellow appearance and slight interference with the color of the coatings WB 4759 with high water-solubility coalesced and separated from the dried resin film, and even induced the rusting of iron substrate.

以丙烯酸丁酯，甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯，丙烯酸及苯乙烯合成厂丙烯酸共聚树脂，并与含-NCO端基的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯接枝反应，经水性化后，得到两个系列（Acr-g-TPU-PETA和Acr-g-PPU-PETA）各5个不同配比的丙烯酸树脂接枝聚氨酯丙烯酸酯自乳化体系，粘度与水相近，为牛顿流体，固含量30％左右。光固化前干燥涂膜的玻璃化转变温度在-15℃～4℃之间，有利于室温下成膜。DSC及DMA谱表明两种树脂基本相容。Acr-g-PU-PETA的热失重行为明显不同于共混材料，接枝样dTG峰明显宽化，表明接枝样中链段之间的相互作刚有多重性，丙烯酸树脂与聚氨酯之间有一定的相容性。接枝树脂自乳化体系光固化涂层的综合性能以聚氨酯丙烯酸酯成分为50％～30％者相对较好，且以Acr-g-TPU-PETA系列更理想。光固化膜的附着力为1～2级，冲击强度为50kg·cm，柔软性多为1mm。以HEMA代替PETA作为接枝树脂的活性基团，碳—碳双键密度太低，光固化膜交联点太少，硬度和附着力均较差。多羟基胺连硫杂蒽酮光引发剂能均匀分散于树脂自乳化体系和接枝树脂干膜中，不出现色斑，光固化膜肖氏硬度一般高于以Irgacure 2959为光引发剂的光固化膜，光泽度及耐丁酮溶剂性能均有所提高，不会诱导铁基生锈，钛白着色对光固化结果几乎没有影响。本论文所合成的多羟基胺连硫杂蒽酮光引发剂IV〓与IV〓为浅黄色，对光固化涂层的颜色干扰较小，为配制钛白着色光固化水性涂料提供了新的光引发剂。水溶性太强的WB 4759在干膜中易聚结析出，且对所附着的铁基有诱导锈蚀作用。

Three different mechanisms and the solvent effect of the electron transfer reaction between indol moiety and phenol moiety of the model system corresponding to the dipeptide of tryptophan and tyrosine have been studied by energy calculations.

对三种机理的理论研究探明了不同去质子化机理对电子转移的控制作用，并阐明了溶剂效应引起多步反应机制和双去质子化反应机制的合理性。

Structural differences among the three gelators are only in the varied amount of methyl groups on the benzene ring.

从分子结构的差异、亲溶剂作用、分子几何构型、相转变热焓以及溶剂极性等方面研究了三种亚苄基山梨醇衍生物凝胶剂在有机溶剂中的自组装和凝胶化机理。

Moldeling and simulation of bubble motion caused by ultrasound using MATLAB The model to describe bubble dynamic motion caused by ultrasound was presented, which included the effects of fluid viscosity, surface tension and vapor pressure of the solvent.

超声空化气泡运动过程模拟及模型的求解建立了超声作用于均相液体中空化泡运动的动力学模型，模型中考虑了液相的动力粘度、表面张力和溶剂的蒸汽压对空化泡运动特性的影响，用MATLAB对建立的普遍化的模型方程进行了数值求解和过程模拟。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了