溶剂

Such a process includes the preparation of an initial stabilized peptized solution including a titanium precursor material, an organic solvent, an acid agent, the mixing of said initial solution with a large amount of water, the pH of the obtained intermediate solution being less then 3, subjecting said intermediate solution and its dispersion to a heat-treatment, the exchange of water by an organic solvent with low surface tension to obtain a final solution that is finally dispersed.

这样一种方法包括制备包含钛母体材料、有机溶剂、酸介质之开头的稳定化胶溶溶液，将此起始溶液同大量水混合，所得到中间溶液的pH小于3，使此中间溶液及其分散体系经受热处理，用低表面张力的有机溶剂更换水来获得末了加以分散的最终溶液。

The preparation process of Al2O3 thin film is represented by the sol-gel method, in which Al(NO3)39H2O is used as precusor, water and HNO3 as solvent and peptizing agent, respectively.

以无机盐Al(NO3)39H2O为先驱体、水为溶剂，加入不同浓度的胶溶剂HNO3，采用溶胶－凝胶法制备了勃姆石溶胶。

Methods Firstly, red chilli powder was soaked with organic solvent, then the extract was saponified under different conditions scheduled by temperature, time and solvent content to obtain crude capsanthin which was refined by silica gel chromatography.

方法先用有机溶剂浸提粉碎的干辣椒粉；然后皂化处理浸提物，比较辣椒红色素在不同温度、时间、溶剂浓度下提取的效果；最后用硅胶柱层析进行精制分离。

Methods Firstly, red chilli powder was soaked with organic solvent, then the extract was saponified under different conditions scheduled by temperature, time and solventcontent to obtain crude capsanthin which was refined by silica gel chromatography.

先用有机溶剂浸提粉碎的干辣椒粉；然后皂化处理浸提物，比较辣椒红色素在不同温度、时间、溶剂浓度下提取的效果；最后用硅胶柱层析进行精制分离。

Although CdS and NiSe belonged to the same crystal system, they had a great difference in the morphology of products produced in ethylenediamine by a solvothermal process. By making a crytallographic comparison between CdS and NiSe, I thought that fourcoordinated crystals were more prone to grow one-dimensionally in the stacking direction of tetrahedrons. This hypothesis could also be embodied in many examples.

硫化镉和硒化镍的晶体结构都为六方晶系，但在以乙二胺为溶剂的溶剂热条件下合成出的产物形貌有很大的差别，我们通过对两类晶体结构的结晶学比较，我们认为4配位的晶体更趋向于生成一维纳米材料，并提出生长方向即为四面体堆积方向，这一假设也能得到许多例子的证实。

The products were identified by IR,NMR,MS and elemental analysis. In our method,K.OH was used in place of NaOH to synthesize benzyl ester of 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,2',6'-dimethyl-4'-(n-succinimidyloxycarbonyl) phenyl-acridinium-9-carboxylate was purified on a silica gel column with chloroform/ethylacetate(4:l,v/v) as eluent and further purified by triturating with hexane/acetone(2:l,v/v).The luminescence produced by DMAE-NHS is a flash light with maximumemission at 0.4s and decay half-time of 0.9s. The luminescence intensity is 6.11x10 cps/mol,which is affected by the composition of trigger and surfactant.

DMAE·NHS的合成是本论文的关键和难点，我们对文献方法进行改进：文献方法用氢氧化钠与3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸反应制得3，5-甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠，再用3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠与苄氯作用制备3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸苄酯，我们用氢氧化钾代替氢氧化钠，使合成取得成功；在合成2'，6'-二甲基-4'-苯基-吖啶-9-甲酸酯时，文献方法对粗产品进行两次硅胶柱层析纯化，第一次柱层析用氯仿/乙酸乙酯(4：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，第二次柱层析用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，按照文献方法得到的不是所需要的化合物，我们只进行第一次柱层析纯化，然后用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)进行研磨，过滤，洗涤，除去溶于己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)的部分，得到所需要的产品。

So it is extremely important that the appropriate solvents and anti solvents re selected.

所以这是非常重要的，适当的溶剂和抗溶剂重新选择。

Relative partial molar free energy of NaCl in the mixed solvent of water, ethyl alcohol and acetone were calculated.

应用电导法测定了在303 K时NaCl在混合溶剂中的活度系数，计算了NaCl在混合溶剂中的相对偏摩尔自由能，讨论了NaCl电解质溶液活度系数及其相对偏摩尔自由能随浓度的变化关系。

The liposolubility is the major component in the extractum,and therefore,dehydrated alcohol and acetone may be used as the dewaxing solvent for the extractum.

无水乙醇和丙酮是理想的浸膏后处理和脱蜡溶剂。结论：该浸膏含较多的脂溶性成分，采用无水乙醇和丙酮作为浸膏的脱蜡溶剂是可行的。

The method: First of all, with 95%, respectively, ethanol, petroleum ether (60 ℃-90 ℃), acetone, chloroform and other organic solvents for extraction of total pigment shikonin ability to inspect, the better the selection of solvent extraction, and then choose extraction dynamic orthogonal extraction were optimized in order to Shikonin total extraction rate for the pigment inspection targets, optimization of the extraction of the best ways.

首先分别用95%的乙醇、石油醚(60℃-90℃)、丙酮、氯仿等有机溶剂对紫草总色素的提取能力进行考察，筛选出较佳的提取溶剂，再选用浸提法、动态提取法分别进行正交优选，以紫草总色素的提取率为考察指标，优选出最佳的提取方式。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。