溶剂

Solvent/nonsolvent recrystallization method was used to prepare HNS/HMX mischcrystals in order to increase the energy output of HNS-Ⅳ, and its structure characterization and performance were studied in detail.

为提高超细六硝基茋HNS输出能量，采用溶剂/非溶剂法制备超细HNS/HMX混合晶体，并进行形貌表征及性能研究。

Organic substances (diethylene glycol, glycol methyl ether and methyl ethyl ketone) were used as nonsolvent additives and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone used as a solvent in membrane preparation. The effects of PPESK concentration, the type of additives and the NSA concentration in casting solution on the morphology and performance of the PPESK hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane were systematically investigated.

以PPESK为膜材料，NMP为溶剂，水为凝胶剂，选用乙二醇甲醚、一缩二乙二醇和丁酮为非溶剂添加剂，系统研究了聚合物浓度、添加剂种类和含量对PPESK中空纤维超滤膜结构和性能的影响，制备了一系列具有不同孔径和通量的中空纤维超滤膜。

The obtained linolenic acid glyceride was flavescent oleaginous liquid with acid val.

采用直接酯化法，以亚麻酸和甘油为原料，以脂肪酶Novozym 435为催化剂在无溶剂体系和有溶剂体系中合成亚麻酸甘油酯。

In this thesis we adopt solvent and non-solvent method to make sol not only become oversaturated but also precipitate crystalloid.

本文采用溶剂-非溶剂法，使溶液变为过饱和而析出晶体，高氯酸铵晶体包覆纳米级亚铬酸铜形成复合粒子，较好地解决了这一问题。

Secondly, femtosecond time-resolved studies using fluorescence depletion spectroscopy were performed on Rhodamine 700 and Oxazine 750 in solutions to study the ultrafast dynamics, such as vibrational relaxation and the energy transfer from the solute to solvent. The orientational relaxation process of these dye molecules have been study in solution by the polariton resolved FS TR SEP FD.

我们利用此技术，对LD700和OX750两种染料分子电子激发态的振动弛豫和溶质与溶剂分子间碰撞传能等超快动力学过程进行了详细地实时研究，获得了它们的激发态分子在不同溶剂和体系温度等实验条件下的飞秒时间分辨荧光亏蚀谱：并首次采用极性分辨的飞秒荧光亏蚀光谱技术研究了溶质的取向弛豫过程。

For intramolecular electron transfer reactions in solution,the fluctuations of the intramolecular vibrational modes are much faster than that of solvent mode.Thus,the reaction-diffusion equation is commonly used to describe the motion of solvent,with a sink function to treat the vibrational high-frequency mode.Based on this theory-so -called the Sumi-Marcus theory,we proposed an imaginary-time split operator approach to solve the reaction-diffusion equation.The approach is applied to evaluate the intermolecular ET rate between oxazine 1 and N,N-dimethlaniline.By measuring the two average survival times of the donor state probability and the rate constant in long time limit,the full kinetics of the ET is revealed with a variety of sink functions.

对于扩散控制的溶液中的电子转移反应，分子内振动模的运动比溶剂运动快很多，Sumi-Marcus理论提出用反应扩散方程(reaction-diffusion equation)处理溶剂的扩散运动，而分子内的振动用sink函数来表示，我们基于此理论发展了用虚时间分裂算符的方法(imaginary-time Split operator approach)解反应扩散方程，并将其应用于嗪1(oxazine 1，OX1)和N，N-二甲基苯胺分子之间的电子转移反应，Sink函数采用几种不同的微扰表达式，通过计算得到给体几率衰减的两种平均速率和长时间极限下的速率常数，揭示了该体系电子转移过程中的一些动力学性质。

The solvent type significantly affects the catalyst activity and selectivity for cyclohexanone oxime.

结果表明，溶剂的种类对硝基环己烷氢化产物的选择性有很大影响，乙二胺是该反应的合适溶剂。

We promise to use hydrocarbon dry cleaning solvent, which is harmless to human being, no perchlorethylene dry cleaning solvent would be used.

本中心承诺采用对人体健康无伤害的碳氢化合类干洗溶剂，绝不使用对人体有毒害的四氯乙烯干洗溶剂

We report here creativity using compound solvent as solvent is the unique of the new technology on the basic of perpendicularity experiments and with the actual situation of our country, the effect of reaction temperature, reaction time, rate of material were optimized. Rate of yield can reach beyond 98% and this technology has successfully applied in practical production with the output of 300t per year.

解决以上两个问题是改进得克隆生产工艺的关键，本文针对上述问题，并且结合我国实际情况，在正交试验的基础上创造性的选择了复合溶剂，改进了得克隆的生产工艺，确定了最佳的投料比、反应温度、反应时间等反应条件，溶剂可以循环利用，并且得到了98％以上的高产率。

The effects of solvents and salts on the formation of a third liquid phase, distribution of catalyst, reaction mechanism and reaction rate in the reaction between n-butyl bromide and sodium phenolate with tetrabutylammonium bromide as a phase transfer catalyst were investigated.

中文摘要本文系针对以溴化四丁基铵为相间转移触媒催化正溴丁烷与酚化钠之反应，研究溶剂种类及盐类与碱类之添加量对形成第三液相、触媒分布、反应机构及反应速率之影响，被测试之溶剂包括氯苯、甲苯与正己烷，而在盐类与碱类效应的研究中，则测试溴化钠与氢氧化钠。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。