溶剂

Linear solvation energy relation was firstly introduced in the paper, and the method and step of gaining the special parameters of solvent and solute were introduced in detail, and these special parameters were used to selection and optimization of extractive agent in extractive distillation. The model of predicting activity coefficient at infinite dilution was established by linear solvation energy relation. By the above theory, several candidate solvents were selected to separate C5 fraction, and by experiment of vapor-liquid phase equilibrium at atmosphere pressure, the mixture of N-methyl-pyrrolidone including 4% water was used extractive agent of separating C5 fraction. Then binary vapor-liquid phase equilibrium of the some compound in C5 fraction and N-methyl-pyrolidone were determined at atmosphere pressure and correlated by NRTL equation. Isoprene being objective compound, experiments were operated in the laboratory-scale column; the processes were simulated by RadFrac model in ASPEN PLUS. And by the combination of experiment and simulation, the new process of separation of C5 was established.

本文首先对线性溶剂化能关系进行了分析介绍，也介绍了采用溶剂化能关系得到溶质溶剂特性参数的方法步骤，并将这些参数用于萃取精馏萃取剂的选择与优化；也通过线性溶剂化能关系式建立无限稀释活度系数预测模型，取得了一定的预测精度；将通过上述方法初选的溶剂进行了常压汽液平衡的测定研究，通过实验研究选定含水4%的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液做为C5分离的萃取剂，测定了大量N-甲基吡咯烷酮与C5组分的二元平衡数据，并进行关联计算；以异戊二烯为目标产物在实验室规模的精馏塔内进行了C5分离的实验研究，取得大量塔内数据；通过选用合适的热力学模型，采用ASPEN中RadFrac模块对分离过程进行模拟研究，通过实验与模拟相结合，建立了C5分离的新工艺，为将来的工业化打下了坚实的基础。

The present business card printing and membership card making business in the widely-used or traditional solvent-based inks, solvent-based inks from paints, solvents, binders, fillers and adjuvant, solvent used mainly aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, ethers, flavoniod etc, these toxic solvent, it finds that, in the packaging of food, medicines, and cosmetics, and so on; and a volatile, with a stronger hen'egg cretonne, will pollute the environment and the health of workers; solventing and imflammable, there is the production of a security risk.

目前制卡和会员卡制作行业中广泛使用的还是传统的溶剂型油墨，溶剂型油墨由颜料、连结料、溶剂、填充剂和辅助剂组成，所用的溶剂主要是芳香烃类、酯类、酮类、醚类等有机溶剂，这些溶剂大都具有毒性，会污染所包装的食品、药物和化妆品等物品；且具有挥发性，有较浓的刺激性气味，会污染环境并影响工人的身体健康；有机溶剂易燃易爆，存在着生产安全隐患。

From an economic point of view, a solvent having a small minimum solvent flow is a better entrainer and should result in a lower cost design than a solvent having a large minimum solvent flow.

从经济的角度看，最小溶剂流量较小的溶剂比最小溶剂流量较大的溶剂成本低廉，是优良共溶剂。

Liquid-phase epoxidation of allyl chloride with hydrogen peroxide was carried out over Ti-MWW, a novel titanosilicate with the MWW structure, to synthesize epichiorohydrin selectively and effectively. Ti-MWW proved to be superior to the conventional TS-1 catalyst in both catalytic activity and product selectivity. Ti-MWW prefers aprotic solvents of acetone and acetonitrile, both of which can restrain the solvolysis of epichiorohydrin, whereas TS-1 favors a protic solvent of methanol.

研究了具有MWW结构的新一代钛硅分子筛Ti-MWW催化剂对烯丙基氯液相环氧化高效合成环氧氯丙烷的催化性能结果表明，Ti-MWW的催化活性以及产物选择性均优于传统的钛硅分子筛TS-1，对于Ti-MWW，合适的溶剂为非质子性溶剂丙酮和乙腈，在该溶剂中环氧化物不易发生溶剂化开环反应；而对于TS-1，合适的溶剂是质子性溶剂甲醇，但甲醇可导致醇醚副产物的生成。

DIP THE TERMINAL WITHIN 7mm FORM THE EDGE INTO FLUX FOR 5 TO 10 SECONDS THEN ADJUSTING THE SOLDERING TEMPERATURE TO 230±0.5℃,WIPE THE SOLDERING DREGS AND BURNED FLUX FROM THE MELTED SOLDER,NEXT DIP THE TERMINAL 5mm FROM THE EDGE ,DIP TIME 3±0.5SECONDS.

将端子前端7MM处浸入溶剂中5-10秒，并调整焊锡温度到230±5℃，然后溶解溶剂，使溶液完全燃烧，再拭去端子上的溶剂残渣，再将端子前端5MM处浸入溶剂3±0.5秒，然后拿出使其自然冷却25.4秒±6.4秒后，再将溶剂洗去，经上述步骤后，导线需符合下列情形

Rhodamine B, Malachite green, Auramine O, Bismark Brown,Methyl Violet 5BN, Basic Magenta, Acid Orange II, Chrysophenine GX, Direct Fast Black G, Indigo, Sulphur Black, Solvent Red 24, Solvent Red 49, Solvent Brown 41, Solvent Orange 3,Pigment Yellow 154,155, Pigment Red 188,208, Meta-Diethyiaminophenol, M-Amino acetanilide , P-Amino acetanilide, etc.

主要产品：碱性玫瑰精，碱性品绿，碱性嫩黄O，碱性品红，碱性紫5BN，碱性红6DDN，酸性橙II，靛蓝，硫化黑，直接冻黄，直接黑G，溶剂红24，溶剂红49，溶剂棕41，溶剂橙3，溶剂橙62，颜料黄154，155，颜料红188，208，间羟基－N，N－二乙基苯胺，间氨基乙酰苯胺，对氨基乙酰苯胺。

Extraction rate of artemisinin increased obviously with the decrease of dielectric constant of the mixed trichloromethane and dichloromethane, which was opposite to the results of mixed solvent of hexane and cyclohexane.

用正己烷、环己烷以及它们的混合溶剂作溶剂时，青蒿素的提取率随着溶剂的介电常数的增大而增大，而用二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷以及它们的混合溶剂作溶剂时，青蒿素的提取率随溶剂的介电常数的增大而减小。

To the product yield is mainly studied in the brominating process, and the best synthesizing process conditions is obtained; the effect of the selection, quantity of the solvent, the reaction temperature, reaction time, and the catalyzer to the product yield is researched in the process of ketalization and the relative preferable process conditions has been got.

在脱溴反应中，主要研究了溶剂的用量、溶剂配比、物料配比、反应时间和反应温度等对目标产物得率的影响；在选择性溴化反应中，主要研究了溶剂和溴化剂的选择、物料配比、溶剂的用量等参数对产物质量和得率的影响，最终得到了合成的最佳工艺条件；在缩酮化反应中，主要研究了溶剂的选择、溶剂的用量、反应温度、反应时间和催化剂的选择等参数对产物得率的影响，并得到合成的较佳工艺条件。

The application results from fluorination showed microwave heating could accelerate chemical reactions markedly. The reaction time could be shortened 50% at least than that of conventional heating. The relationship between fluorinating agents\' structure and their activity was studied systematically. In addition, an anhydrous KF with higher activity was prepared by using expansion effect of microwave heating. As we known, solvents were very important to reaction. The comprehensive study showed some less polar aromatic solvents could be used as dipolar solvents. In addition, they had better effect than dipolar solvents in some occasions, such as fluorination of chlorobenzaldehydes and chlorinated diphenyl ketones etc. The primary applications of ionic liquids were also studied which indicated reactions with ionic liquids as solvents were more efficient and simple.

研究表明，微波是一种节能高效的加热方式，在微波作用下的卤素交换氟化反应具有反应速度快、转化率高、选择性好的优点，其反应时间可较常规加热缩短50%以上；同时也系统地研究了氟化剂种类及制备方式对其反应活性的影响，并利用微波加热的膨化作用制备出了一种活性较高的KF，其活性与喷雾干燥KF相差不大；溶剂对反应具有重要的作用，在此系统地研究了强极性非质子溶剂和中等极性非质子溶剂的应用情况，发现一些中等极性的非质子溶剂如硝基芳烃和氯代芳烃类溶剂在氯代苯甲醛类化合物的氟化反应中具有比强极性非质子溶剂更好的使用效果。

According to the boiling range, solvent oils can be divided into three categories: hydrocarbos solvent, such as the 6＃ oil extraction solvent, boiling range for 60-90 ° c; alkanones in solvent, such as rubber solvent naphtha, boiling range of 80-120 ° c; high-boiling solvent, such as oil paint solvents, boiling range for 140-200 ° c, in recent years the widely-used ink solvent naphtha, the stem is up to 300 ° c.

按沸程分，溶剂油可分为三类：低沸点溶剂油，如6＃抽提溶剂油，沸程为60-90℃；中沸点溶剂油，如橡胶溶剂油，沸程为80-120℃；高沸点溶剂油，如油漆溶剂油，沸程为140-200℃，近年来广泛使用的油墨溶剂油，其干点可高达300℃。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。