溴酸

According to the result, we believed that the reason resulted in the low sensitivity was that the marker residue compound MQCA structure has changed after conjugated with protein and the antibody induced by the conjugation could not recognize the free MQCA in the ci-ELISA. Therefore we designed some hapten which could reserve the marker residue structural speciality mostly. After synthesis route selection and optimum, the hapten 7-Hydroxymethyl-3-methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid was synthesized, used 4-methyl-2-nitroaniline as the start material via six steps, such as oxidation cyclization, bromize reaction, hydrolysis, Beirut reaction, reduction, hydrolysis. This work established basis for producing the high affinity antibody and developing the sensitive ELISA residue detection method.

本论文认为导致ELISA检测灵敏度较低的原因，是残留标示物和蛋白偶联后的特征结构发生改变，诱导产生的抗体不能够对游离MQCA很好的识别，因此，本论文设计了能够最大化保留MQCA结构特征的系列半抗原结构，并对其合成路线进行了筛选和优化，最终以对甲基邻硝基苯胺为起始原料，经氧化环化、溴代、水解、Beirut缩合、还原、水解六步反应制备含羟甲基结构的MQCA衍生物7-羟基甲基-3-甲基-喹噁啉-2-羧酸，为制备对游离残留标示物高亲和力的抗体，高灵敏度的ELISA残留检测方法的建立奠定基础。

Pyruvaldehyde was synthesized with acetone or 1,2 propanediol as starting material respectively.With n∶n=1 00∶0 79,3 0-4 0 g potassium chlorate as catalyst,and water and glacial acetic acid as solvent,refluxing on water bath of 60-75 ℃ for 4 h,bromoacetone was obtained in 63 5% yield.

分别用丙酮和 1，2 丙二醇做原料合成了丙酮醛。n∶n =1 0 0∶0 79，加入 3 0～4 0g氯酸钾做催化剂，水和冰醋酸做溶剂，水浴温度为 6 0～ 75℃，回流 4h ，制得产率为 6 3 5 %的溴丙酮。V∶V =11 9∶1 0 ，通入空气，在 6 5～ 70℃反应 5～ 8h ，制得产率为 5 9 6 %的丙酮醛。

At the same time, using bromocresol green - methyl red indicator and phenolphthalein indicator control instructions with the free acid end of the titration end sensitive and accurate.

同时，采用溴甲酚绿-甲基红指示剂与酚酞指示剂配合指示调控游离酸的终点，使滴定终点灵敏、结果准确。

reitman method to measure ALT and AST; bilirubin oxidase method to measure total bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin; biuret method to measure serum general protein; bromocresol purple method to measure serum albumin; enzymic colorimetric method to measure serum bile acids; benzyl aldehide azo naphthol method to measure monoamine oxide.

赖氏法。测定 ALT 和 AST；胆红素氧化酶法测定总胆红素和结合胆红素；双缩脲法测血清总蛋白；溴甲酚紫法测定血清清蛋白；酶比色法测定血清胆汁酸；苄醛偶氮萘酚法测定单氨氧化酶

Universal indicator paper,special indicator paper,ammonium fluoride,ammonium hydrogen difluoride,nbenzyldimethylamine,disinfectant paper,nacetylphenylhydrazine,mcresol purple,bromocresol green,fluorescein,eosin Y,ninhydrin,phenedons,potassium phthalate,pamimobenzene sulphonic acid anhydrous.

广泛试纸，精密试纸，氟化铵，氟化氢铵，N苄基二甲胺，消毒试纸，N乙酰苯肼，间甲酚紫，溴甲酚绿，荧光素，曙红Y，水合茚三酮，菲尼酮S，苯甲酸氢钾，无水对氨基苯磺酸。

Methods:total alkaloids of radix Sophora lavescens were extracted by acidified water,then adjusted to neutral by sodium hydroxide solution, dissolved with buffer solution,then were mixed with 0.025％ of bromothymol solution and chloroform,and then the mixture was shaken,standing and demixed,the absorbability of chloroform layer was detected at the wavelength of 413nm.

将苦参的酸水提取液用氢氧化钠溶液调节至中性后，依次加入pH=7.6缓冲溶液，溴代麝香草酚蓝指示液、氯仿混合振摇，静置分层，于413 nm波长处测定氯仿层吸收度。

The existance of vesicles was demonstrated by negatively staining TEM, freeze-fracture TEM, bromphenol blue entrapment, and quasi-elastic lightscattering experiments.

应用电镜(负染色制样和冰冻复型制样)、凝胶色谱、DSC、激光光散射等手段，证实了十一烯酸钠与十烷基三甲基溴化铵的混合溶液，在摩尔组成比α＝9∶1--1∶9时经超声皆可制得单室囊泡。

In Na2CO3-NaHCO3 buffer solution, the apparent activation energy and activation parameters for cetyl trimethylammonium bromide micelle-catalytic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl propionate have been measured, and the effects of inorganic salts (such as NaCl, NaBr and Na2SO4) on them have also been investigated.

在Na2CO3-NaHCO3缓冲溶液中，测定了对硝基苯酚丙酸酯的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵胶团催化反应的表观活化能和活化参数；考察了无机盐(NaCl， NaBr， Na2SO4)对该催化反应的影响。

An unusual intramolecular nucleophilic reaction of α carbon anion of crotonate was discovered and the imidazo[1,5 a ]pyridine derivatives were sythesized with a novel tandem reaction.

发现 5 咪唑甲醛(1)与γ溴代巴豆酸酯(2 )在弱碱条件下首先进行亲核取代反应生成 3，继而生成γ碳负离子并转移到α位，然后进行分子内亲核进攻成环、脱水生成 4的串联反应。

Starting with two reactive methylene compounds, ethyl cyanoacetate and malononitrile, two 5-amino-1H-pyrazoles were prepared through the intermediates ketene dithioacetal.

从两个活泼亚甲基化合物开始，经过乙烯酮二硫代缩醛中间体，合成了两个5-氨基-1H-吡唑，以这个两个化合物为中间体，与芳香族和脂肪族α-溴代酮反应，而后经酸催化亚胺化互变异构后得到含咪唑并[1，2-b]吡唑甲硫醚类化合物6a-6g。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。