源语言

In this thesis, I summarize and implement the up-to-date language models, such as N-Gram Language Model, Interpolation N-gram Language Model, Context-Free Grammar and Probabilistic Context-Free Grammar, and establish the run-length language model Character-level and word-level run-length language model are established on the base of the concept of limit entropy and discrete stable information source and by using maximum likelihood between character strings.

在充分研究和比较了中文和西文特点的基础上，提出了变长汉语语言模型。应用极限熵、离散平稳信源和字符串之间的最大似然度等概念和方法，建立了字一级的变长语言模型和词一级的变长语言模型。实验的结果显示这种语言模型不仅比Bigram具有更低的复杂度，而且包含了更长距离内的信息，运行时间也大大小于N-Gram。

Nevertheless, there was not enough time for Saussure to be conscious of the fact that the foundation of the outlook on language of "classified nomenclature" was the etymologic outlook on the source of language that came from ancient Greece.

然而，索绪尔没有来得及认识到："分类命名集"语言观的基石乃是源自古希腊的"词源"语源观预设，因此索绪尔的"符号价值系统"语言观是不彻底的。

This paper discusses the analog source to quantify the optimal algorithm, and use C language implementation of the Gaussian source at different quantization levels under the uniform quantizer and the optimal non-uniform quantization step size of the numerical calculation.

文中探讨了模拟信源量化的最优算法，并用C语言实现了高斯信源在不同量化电平下均匀量化和非均匀量化的最优步长的数值计算。

Nevertheless, the chief problems a translator dealing with fuzzy legal languages may encounter lies in how to produce an equivalent expression in the target language to match the one in the source language terminologically and ideologically by means of different translational strategies so that the bilingual legal sense and legal concepts should be transferred equivalently and effectively, reaching the closest equivalence between the source legal language and the target legal language.

法律语言翻译者要认定某一法律术语或概念在异域法律语言中的对应层面，采用不同的翻译策略，实现法律意义和概念功能的有效对接，使目的语和源语达到最大限度对等。

The author manages to find out the origins of these words from the perspective of the developmental history of Chinese words, and to present a further description for the historical track along which the meanings of these words develop. Another goal of this thesis is to supplement the present dictionaries with some meanings of certain words or even words which fail to be collected, to ccrrect some mistakes in these dictionaries or other relevant works, to show the influence of the languages of Buddhist documents on that of Dunhuang documents, and eventually to enlighten people as to the study on the development of the common-core words in Chinese as well as the lexicological history of the Chinese language.

本文即综合运用类比归纳、据对文或异文以求同义词或反义词，以及探求语源等方法，对敦煌变文中19组34个&字面普通而义别&的俗语词逐一进行了考释，试图从汉语词汇发展史的角度去考察语源，寻求其成词及得义之由，并进一步探索其词义演变发展的历史轨迹，以期弥补字典辞书的失收或漏释、匡正字典辞书及此前著作的误释或释义不清、说明佛典文献语言对敦煌文献的影响，最终达到给汉语常用词演变研究以及汉语词汇史研究以一点小小的提示与启发的目的。

Features in this version:- Very fast - Remember all your translations - Double click a bubble to display in full screen - Great UI, the most intuitive design - Touch header to switch source and target language - Ability to delete all of the translations - Long press a bubble to delete it - Support all Languages Google Translate supports - Easy add or remove Language Pair Mobile Translator supports translating among:- English -日本语- Franais - Espaol - Deutsch - Italiano -中文--Български- Cat - Hrvatski - esky - Dansk - Nederlands - Filipino - Suomi -Ελληνικ--- Indonesia - Latvieu - Lietuvi - Norsk - Polski - Português - Romn -Русский-Српски- Slovenina - Slovenski - Svenska -Украна- Vit - Version 2.0 is submitted, Free update for existing users!

功能在这个版本：-速度非常快-请记住您所有的翻译-双击泡沫，以显示在全屏-大的用户界面，最直观的设计-触摸头转向源和目标语言-有能力删除所有的翻译-龙记者泡沫将其删除-支持所有语言翻译支持谷歌-轻松添加或删除语言对移动译者翻译的支持：-简体中文-日本语-法语-简体中文-德国-意大利-中文--Български-猫-Hrvatski -捷克-丹麦-荷兰-菲律宾-索米-Ελληνικ---印度尼西亚- La tvie u- Lietuvi -挪威-手机-简体中文-大同-Русский-Српски- Sloven in a-Slov en ski-瑞典-Украна-越南- 2。 0版提交，免费更新现有的用户！

Features in this version:- Very fast - Remember all your translations - Double click a bubble to display in full screen - Great UI, the most intuitive design - Touch header to switch source and target language - Ability to delete all of the translations - Long press a bubble to delete it - Support all Languages Google Translate supports - Easy add or remove Language Pair Mobile Translator supports translating among:- English -日本語- Fran ais - Espa ol - Deutsch - Italiano -中文--Български- Cat - Hrvatski - esky - Dansk - Nederlands - Filipino - Suomi -Ελληνικ--- Indonesia - Latvieu - Lietuvi - Norsk - Polski - Português - Rom n -Русский-Српски- Slovenina - Slovenski - Svenska -Украна- Vit - Version 2.0 is submitted, Free update for existing users!

在这个版本的功能：-非常快-请记住您所有的翻译-双击泡沫中显示全屏-大用户界面，最直观的设计-触摸头切换源和目标语言-能力，以删除所有的翻译-龙记者泡沫将其删除-支持所有语言翻译支持谷歌-轻松添加或删除语言对手机之间的翻译支持翻译：-英语-日本语-法语-西班牙语-德语-意大利语-中文--Български-猫- Hrvatski -捷克-丹麦语-荷兰语-菲律宾-芬兰-Ελληνικ---印尼- Latvieu - Lietuvi -挪威语-波兰语-葡萄牙语- Rom n -Русский-Српски- Slovenina - Slovenski -瑞典-Украна-越南-提交2.0版，免费更新现有用户！

A bstract: this system main contents is launching under the discussion of book sale management system, which main aim at a book batch to sell and retail sales sale is lord but carry on designing , in keeping with book's sell retail of management, specially be applicable to book market and book batch resources that sell company's coordination management.the system source code adopt c# language by writing format and in the vs.net 2005 integration environment bottom adjust to try to carry on, the sql server of the database adopt be 2000 backstages.it's system's turn to is a great deal of adoption abundant database technique, have already aim at a mold piece line of development, among them database operation layer technique a great deal of adoption saving process and trigger a machine of application, database interview layer technique adoption microsoft company of ado.net latest 2.0 development technique, the database mean a layer adoption unify of external appearance mode, make thus the whole system structure clear in meaning, the source code self own very good performance of readability and writability, then better convenience to customer operation and development personnel next move of development work, the type of tree control and user-defined page technique of usage make the whole system person's machine hand over with each other the function be more outstanding.

本系统主要内容是围绕图书销售管理系统而展开讨论的，主要针对图书批销以及门市销售为主而进行设计的，适合图书进销零售的管理，特别适用于书城及图书批销商协调的资源管理。系统源码采用c#语言书写格式，在vs.net 2005集成环境下调试进行，数据库采用sql server 2000后台。该系统大量采用了丰富数据库技术，有针对性模块行的开发，其中数据库操作层技术大量采用存储过程及触发器的应用，数据库访问层技术采用微软公司的ado.net最新2.0开发技术，数据库表示层采用统一的外观模式，从而使得整个系统架构明晰，源码可读可写性好，进而更好的方便了用户的操作及开发人员下一步的开发工作，树型控件和自定义分页技术的使用使得整个系统人机交互性能更为出色。

The author of this paper participated the beginning phase of the whole Yun-Wan freeway geological exploration work. After lucubrating GIS exploitation technique and reading plenty of correlative references the author realized that geological data management is of practical value to engineering project department. Thus, thanks to those profound data accumulated during previous explorations, the author developed a professional and practical GIS system for Yun-Wan freeway—EGIS based on exploitation flat roof - Arc View.

作者参与了云万高速公路的整个地质初勘阶段的工作，在深入学习了GIS开发技术和在查阅大量相关参考文献的基础上，并了解了工程设计部门对地质资料管理的实际需求，将工作中所收集到的大量地质勘察资料作为基础源数据，在ArcView GIS的开发平台上，针对云万高速公路开发出了专业型的实用GIS系统——工程地质资料管理信息系统，系统由Access关系数据库管理系统建立属性数据库，由ArcView GIS软件来实现对空间数据库的管理功能；以软件本身所提供的Avenue语言和程序设计语言Visual Basic 6.0作为系统的开发语言，并对ArcView GIS软件本身的不足方面，进行了二次开发，使系统的功能得到了增强，让系统使用起来更加方便和完善。

In its lingual memory series, the history of a particular war becomes Malraux's "sending source", and it gradually constructs a "lingual chain".

在其语言&记忆系列&中，特定的战争历史成为马尔罗语言的&发送源&，并在创作中逐渐形成一种&语言链&；而他特有的经历所铸造出的&战争话语&又成为他文学语言的强势话语，转而在作品中辐射开去。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。