湿地

This paper mainly put forward the shortages and countermeasures of current urban wetland parks in the aspects of ecological environment protection,hydrophyte utilization,building constitution,service item,scientific...

本文仅就当前城市湿地公园的生态环境保护、水生植物利用、建筑物设置、服务项目、科普教育及人文景观等方面，举出不足之处，并提出相应对策，或有助其总结经验，完臻功能。

The study on the profile distribution and accumulation characteristics of organic carbon and total nitrogen in two typical marsh es in Sanjiang Plain showed that on the sediment profiles of Carex lasiocarpa marsh and Phragmites communis marsh , there existed distinct deposition horizon and illuviation horizon.

研究了三江平原2类典型湿地(毛果苔草沼泽和芦苇沼泽)沉积物剖面有机碳、全氮的分布特征与积累现状。

At the present,eco-environment in the wetland of the downstream of Yellow River is deteriorated with the agricultural and industrial water diversion,sewage drainage,farmland reclamation,water and soil erosion,immoderacy hunting and fishing.

当前，因工农业采水、排污、围垦、破坏水土、引黄淤地、过度狩猎和捕鱼等造成黄河下游湿地生态环境趋于恶化。

Nenjiang watershed is abundant of natural resource such as forest, grassland and wetland. While in later 20 years, the resource decreased and is decreasing in large scale. Environmental quality deteriorated, and the flood of Nenjiang in 1998, more or less, is a result of human's immoderately expanding plantation.

嫩江流域蕴藏着丰富的森林资源、草场资源以及湿地资源，但在现代过程中，由于各种人为因素的影响，无节制的掠夺和耕地扩张，使该区的上述资源已经大面积的减少，环境进一步恶化，98年嫩江大洪水就直接或间接与此有关。

The visitors to the park can learn the process of ecology rehabilitation, and also understand the importancy of the wetlands to our environment and its co-existence with our harmony life.

在公园里，人们可以看到生态恢复过程，了解湿地的环境意义，充分感受人与自然的和谐共处。

The basic principles of constructing wetland parks are: ecology first, core protection; provide specific, show emphases; wise use, wealthy indigene; sustainable development, society harmony.

湿地公园建设的总则：生态优先，核心保护；体现特色，突出重点；合理利用，致富当地；持续发展，社会和谐。

The formation time of biofilms varied from 40 to 60 days with the quality of influent water.

结果表明，复合垂直流人工湿地中，基质生物膜的形成时间为40~60 d。

The results show that the cultivated land area in Wanzhou will slightly decreased while the construction land will slightly increased,forest land will increased dramatically,and it is difficult to improve the ecosystem service value by single increasing the wetland area.Grassland ecological restoration and increasing orchard area will improve the ecosystem service value by comprehensive treatment of geological hazards and soil loss.The ecosystem service theory value in Wanzhou is 11.89 billion yuan each year,the correction value is 10.64 billion yuan each year,and the present value is 9.65 billion yuan each year.This shows the ecological restoration has good economical efficiency.The optimization of land use structures based on ecosystem service value could satisfy the development of social economy with land demand,and realized the benefit of ecology and economy inphase,the study supported a new way to solve the key technical problem in land use programming in China.

计算结果表明：（1）规划期内万州区耕地面积略有减少，建设用地面积有所增加，林地面积有较大幅度增加，大规模增加湿地面积提高土地生态功能价值则难以实现；（2）地质灾害与水土流失综合治理、草地生态系统修复以及适当增加园地面积，能够提高万州区土地生态功能价值；（3）万州区土地生态经济理论价值为11888亿元/a，修正价值为10644亿元/a，均高于现状值9653亿元/a，土地生态修复与建设的生态经济效益可观；（4）基于生态系统服务价值的土地利用结构优化，能够满足社会经济发展对土地的需求并同步实现生态经济效益的最优，为解决土地利用规划中的关键技术问题提供新的方法。

The results show that the vertical flow wetland system can remove the total nitrogen to some extent,but instable.

结果表明：垂直流湿地对总氮有一定的净化效果，但稳定性较差。

There is obvious physiognomy change of turning of new wetland and sea in area reach to sea and interdital zone in the interspace.

2入海口附近的较为明显的地貌变化就是新生湿地与海域的逐渐变化，中间存在着周期性被海水淹没的潮间带。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。