温度调节器

A thermistor, a type of temperature-to-resistance transducer, is able to transduce temperature into a continuous electrical signal.

一种电热调节器，一类抗温变频器，能把温度转化为连续的电信号。

Valves on the cryostat, a chamber of super-cold hydrogen ice that cools the WISE instrument, opened.

低温调节器（用于降低WISE仪器温度的超低温氢冰）的外罩成功打开。

It is not usuallyfall below 18°C, a steam coil or electric immersion heater should be fittedto the tank. The solution deteriorates rapidly if heated above 35°C and athermostat MUST be fitted to a heated tank. Overheating the Alocrom

通常不需要加热浴缸，但是如果工厂的温度下降到18°以下，浴缸应该安装蒸气旋管或浸没式电热器，如果加热到35°以上，溶液会很快变质，因此加热的浴缸要安装上恒温调节器。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

Main business: Sales Main Products: Temperature instrumentation, pressure instrumentation, flow meters, material / liquid level instruments, metering equipment, control systems thermocouples, thermal resistors, wire compensation, pressure gauge, transmitter, pressure transmitter, Smart Transmitter, Level Transmitter, Flow Meter, Orifice flowmeters, electromagnetic flowmeter, vortex flowmeter, Verabar, metal tube rotameter, gas flowmeter, no NG Paperless Recorder, indicating regulator, regulator, hand fuck, and Flow Totalizer, level transmitter, pressure calibrator, process calibrator, digital pressure gauge, check simulation device, auto-calibration system.

主要业务∶销售主营产品：温度仪表，压力仪表，流量仪表，物/液位仪表，计量仪器，控制系统热电偶，热电阻，补偿导线，压力表，变送器，压力变送器，智能变送器，液位变送器，流量计，孔板流量计，电磁流量计，涡街流量计，威力巴流量计，金属管浮子流量计，气体流量计，无仪纸记录仪，显示调节仪，调节器，手操器，流量积算仪，液位变送器，压力校验仪，过程校验仪，数字压力计，校验仿真仪，自动校验系统。

Main products include series of artificial intelligence AI industry regulator, Flow Totalizer, multi-channel data logging devices, temperature control cabinet and AIFCS Fieldbus-based computer monitoring system, and to undertake industrial automation engineering packages and services.

公司主要产品包括AI系列人工智能工业调节器、流量积算仪、多路巡检仪、温度控制柜及AIFCS现场总线型计算机监控系统，并承接工业自动化成套工程及服务。

Aiming at the light track traffic project in Tianjin crossing over the Tianjin-Tanggu Highway , because of the lower space, the difficult crossing condition, and overcoming the long steel rail force caused by no attemperator on the seamless railway, the project adopts a 4-span prestressed concrete continuous rigid-frame bridge with span arrangement (42+62+62+42)m.

针对天津轻轨交通项目跨越津塘公路工点低净空、跨越条件困难，以及为克服桥上不能设置无缝线路温度伸缩调节器所带来的长钢轨作用力问题，研究采用了42m＋62m＋62m＋42m四跨预应力混凝土连续刚构桥。

In the preparation process of nanometer TiB 2 film by IBAD(ion beam assisted depo-sition)method,key technical factor is how to retain the substrate temperature at a proper range.

简述了IBAD法制备纳米钛膜的过程中，关键工艺因素是如何将衬底温度维持在一个适当的范围，并运用PID调节器较好地实现这一要求的。

The temperature examination used the temperature sensor or thethermo-element and carried on three-points examinations. These three points carried on the comparison and took the lowest point as the datum. Using the frequency changer's PI regulator realized closed loop automatic control.

温度检测采用温度传感器或热电偶，进行3点检测，并对这3个点进行比较，以最低点为基准，利用变频器内置PI调节器实现闭环自动控制。

Place the pots on top of the pebbles where it is dry. The water will keep the air moist and the plants happy. Home humidifiers, indoor decorative fountains and plant misters can also improve humidity levels. Most home temperatures are between 68 to 72 degrees and foliage plants enjoy that range.

当盘中干了后，把罐中的水倒在鹅卵石上，这些水会保持空气潮湿，利于植物生长，屋内湿度调节器，室内装饰喷泉和植物弥雾机都将有助于改善室内湿度，室内温度大多保持在68到72度，这是观叶植物喜欢的一个温度范围。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。