渗透作用

In order to deep holding the engineering characteristic of the coarse-grained soil, this paper researched object that is the coarse-grained soil of the diametre from 0.1mm to 20mm that was often applied in the dam body filter structure, using the experiment method, carrying out the experiment the research of the coarse-grained soil permeability characteristic.

粗粒土在水力作用下，是一种结构极不稳定的土体，在渗流作用下极易发生渗透变形，容易引起坝体的渗透变形破坏。从渗透系数的变化上分析，其渗透变形过程是一个连续的过程，土体的破坏形式大都属于管涌破坏，破坏坡降较小，一般破坏坡降都小于2.5，有的甚至小于1.0。

In this paper the conflicting discussion of scholastic view-point on seepage force which has lasted many years is stated. Then the physical concept of seepage force and its related forces including the resolved two components (a seepage force and a buoyant force) from seepage resultant force, the transformation between the seepage force and boundary pore water pressures, schematic diagram of forces acting on unit soil mass and the mathematic proof by Green theorem are described.

追述了多年来对渗透力学术观点的争论，并再就此问题论述了渗透力的物理概念及其与之相关的各力（包括渗流作用合力及其分解成的两个分力，渗透力与周边孔隙水压力的转换关系及各力作用在单位土体的图示；从数学上引用格林公式，证明土体表面水压力与土体本身渗透力之间的转换关系。

In this paper, xerophyte , mesophyte: oil sunflower (G101, K102, K5) and halophyte were comparatively studied on their dry matter accumulation, growth of seedlings, water status, osmotic adjustment, ion distribution and chloroplast ultrastructure under water and salt stresses with the method of physiological and biochemical analyse, X-ray microanalysis, electron microscope.

水分胁迫可泛指环境与生物之间由于渗透势的不平衡而形成对生物的一种胁迫，土壤干旱和和盐渍在一定意义上都属于水分胁迫，而盐渍除了有其低渗透势作用外，还存在着盐离子的毒害作用。

Conditions of the seepage and stress is a dynamic process, and also shows its interaction and interdependence. Owing to the closure of the fracture, the hydraulic gradient and the permeability pressure of the fracture turn large, and also promote the expansion of water cracks, and fissures connectivity increasing. The increase of the crack opening width will result in the increase of the infiltration capacity and seepage flow, and the reduction of seepage pressure. Because of the dynamic dependence of the fracture aperture, pressure and seepage, under certain conditions, changes in fracture aperture can lead to the formation of local water-passage, and the local emission of high pressure water, and thus promotes the formation of the sudden outgush disasters.

结果表明：洞室开挖完成后，在围岩渗流与应力耦合作用下，围岩中裂隙隙宽、裂隙中水压及其渗透流量的变化是一个动态过程，且相互作用与相互依赖；裂隙的闭合使得结构面水力梯度变大，作用在裂缝上的渗透压力增大，促进导水裂缝扩展，裂隙连通性增加；裂缝张开度增大，渗透能力增强，渗流量增大，其渗流压力相应降低；由于围岩中裂隙隙宽、压力和渗流量的动态依赖性，在一定条件下，裂隙隙宽的改变可导致局部水力通道的形成，高压水头从局部涌出，从而促进突水灾害的形成。

The role of the reclaimed rubber: smoke sticky pine tar containing other renewable agent, during which small molecules can penetrate into uniform knot so that sulfur containing rubber between macromolecules to swelling, reticular structure of relaxation, an increase of molecular the distance between chain and oxygen penetration, the other can also serve as free radical acceptor, has inhibited the role of gelation, but also contribute to activating agent to the rubber matrix to speed up the regeneration process of proliferation and can enhance regeneration and plasticity of sticky glue and less polluting, process performance.

对再生胶的作用：粘稠的松焦油吸含其他的再生剂，其间的小分子能均匀渗透到含有结使硫的橡胶的大分子中间，使其溶胀，网状结构松驰，增加了分子链间的距离及氧的渗透，另外还可作为游离基的接受体，有抑制凝胶化的作用，还有助于活化剂向橡胶基质扩散加快再生过程，并能提高再生胶的粘性和可塑性，且污染较小，工艺性能好。

Body fluid bears two physiological functions: moistening and nourishing:body fluid distributed to the body surface moistens and nourishes the muscles and skin with hairs; body fluid permeated through the body orifices moistens and protects the eyes, nose,mouth and other openings; body fluid infiltrated into the blood vessels nourishes and smooths them and is also the basic component of blood; body fluid poured into the internal organs nourishes and moistens them, and body fluid in the bone nourishes and moistens the bone marrow, spinal cord and brain marrow.

津液有两种生理功能：滋润和营养。津液分布于肌表滋养肌肤毛发；渗透于体窍滋润和保护眼、鼻、嘴和其它官窍；津液渗透至脉管起到营养和滑利的作用，也是血液的基本组成成分；津液注入内脏使其得到滋养；骨中的津液对骨髓、脊髓和脑髓起到滋养作用。

The research on sedimentary facies and diagenesis of the reservoir combined with analyses of diagenesis effect of low permeability resevoir on the reservoir property and with division of diagenesis stages indicates that the genetic mechanism of the low permeability reservoir in this area is the filling and cementation of autogenetic mineral during diagenesis.

该项研究是建立在储层沈积相、成岩作用研究的基础上，通过分析低渗透储层成岩作用对储集物性的影响及成岩作用阶段划分，认为造成本区储层砂岩渗透率较低的主要原因是成岩期各种自生矿物的充填和胶结作用。

Meanwhile, the three-dimensional mechanical characteristics of calcium thenardite salt rock take great changes after a period of solution pervasion actions.

由于溶解渗透使得矿物组成及其结构的变化，钙芒硝盐岩在溶解渗透前后三轴力学特性差异也很大，在2.0MPa围压的作用条件下，溶解渗透49h之后，钙芒硝盐岩的强度由未溶解渗透时的46.53MPa，降低为溶解渗透后的11.42MPa：与此同时，弹性模量也由43.700MPa降低为0.834MPa。

Meanwhile, the three-dimensional mechanical characteristics of calcium thenardite salt rock take great changes after a period of solution pervasion actions. The compression strength of calcium thenardite rock salt changes from 46.53MPa to 11.42MPa after 49h solution pervasion with 2.0MPa confining pressure. Accordingly, the elastic modulus changes from 43.700MPa to 0.834MPa.

由于溶解渗透使得矿物组成及其结构的变化，钙芒硝盐岩在溶解渗透前后三轴力学特性差异也很大，在2.0MPa围压的作用条件下，溶解渗透49h之后，钙芒硝盐岩的强度由未溶解渗透时的46.53MPa，降低为溶解渗透后的11.42MPa；与此同时，弹性模量也由43.700MPa降低为0.834MPa。

Membrane scaling is caused by the deposition of unsoluble salts as feedwater is converted to brine. In this process the ion concentration of calcium, magnesium and so on increases greatly which will lead to that the ion product of sparingly soluble salts exceeds its solubility product, and the unsoluble salts deposite on the surface of RO membrane to form membrane scaling.

在反渗透海水淡化过程中，由于膜的浓缩作用，浓水中的钙、镁等离子浓度大大增加，从而使难溶盐的离子积大于其溶度积，在反渗透膜表面形成膜垢，影响整个反渗透装置的正常运行，缩短了反渗透膜的使用寿命。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了