渗透

In this paper, the reasons leading to poor development effects of Chaoyanggou low-permeability oilfield are analyzed, the relational expressions between recovery efficiency and well spacing density, considering the start-up pressure, are given. In the paper, the water flooding control degree, lower limit of reservoir permeability, effectively driving factor, and other parameters are studied, and their influence on the well spacing density is presented.

中文摘要：摘要：本文分析了大庆朝阳沟低渗透油田开发效果差的主要原因，给出了考虑启动压力条件下，采收率与井网密度的关系式；研究了水驱控制程度、油藏渗透率下限、有效驱动系数等参数对井网密度的影响；确定了朝阳沟油田合理井网密度界限。

The results of the double ring field tests show that both the permeability coefficient and infiltration depth of the marlite are greater than those of the clay stone, respectively, and that the stable permeability coefficient and infiltration depth obtained in geogrid reinforced field are one-fourth and one-second of those receirved in the treatment field with soil bags, respectively.

原位试验结果表明：泥灰岩的稳态渗透系数及入渗深度均大于黏土岩；格栅加筋处理场地的稳态渗透系数和入渗深度分别约为土袋处理场地的 1/4 ， 1/2 。

If you use the nutrition cream, DIY nutrition and so on, can be used to mask a little bit thicker paper, that to strengthen the gas-tight, and secondly, is the usual type of doctrinal and nutrition, can help mask paper adhesive infiltration; If you use the the real flower water, Skin liquid and so on, may mask some of the appropriate use thin paper, because the load of paper through the mask, water molecules penetrate the stratum corneum is essentially direct, the replenishment effect is very clear.

如果使用营养霜、DIY营养液等，可使用稍微厚一点的面膜纸，这一来是加强气密，二来是通常这类营养品较浓，面膜纸有助粘附渗透；如果使用真正的花水、柔肤液等，则可适当选用薄一些的面膜纸，因为通过面膜纸的承载，水分子基本上是直接渗透角质层的，补水效果是十分明显的。

It was needed only 20-30 minutes; the active components can be transformed into high concentration active substances, nonstop to the deep skin, the active components infiltrate to Subcutaneous tissue through the channels among Hair follicles, sweat glands and cells, reach the mesoblast .then it open the entrance easily by stimulating the water channels protein on the cell membrane, infiltrate the cell membrane, make the skin cells to absorb nutrients plenary.

需20-30分钟即可将活性成分快速转换成高浓度的活性物质，直达深层皮肤；利用"水电泳"技术，活性成分通过毛囊、汗腺与细胞间通道渗透皮下组织，达到中胚层通过刺激细胞膜上的"水通道蛋白"，轻易打开入口，渗透细胞膜，使皮肤细胞充分吸收营养成分

It needs only 20-30 minutes; the active components can be transformed into high concentration active substances, nonstop to the deep skin, the active components infiltrate to Subcutaneous tissue through the channels among hair follicles, sweat glands and cells, reach the mesoblast .then it open the entrance easily by stimulating the water channels protein on the cell membrane, infiltrate the cell membrane, make the skin cells to absorb nutrients plenary.

需20-30分钟即可将经诱导带电的活性成分快速转换成高浓度的活性物质，直达深层皮肤；利用"水电渗透析"技术，使活性成分通过毛囊、汗腺和经过符合穿孔的表皮细胞间通道透过表皮进入中胚层乃至皮下组织，通过实现细胞蛋白水通道并刺激细胞膜上的"水通道蛋白"，轻易打开表皮入口，渗透细胞膜脂质双分子层，使皮肤细胞充分吸收营养成分。

In this paper, xerophyte , mesophyte: oil sunflower (G101, K102, K5) and halophyte were comparatively studied on their dry matter accumulation, growth of seedlings, water status, osmotic adjustment, ion distribution and chloroplast ultrastructure under water and salt stresses with the method of physiological and biochemical analyse, X-ray microanalysis, electron microscope.

水分胁迫可泛指环境与生物之间由于渗透势的不平衡而形成对生物的一种胁迫，土壤干旱和和盐渍在一定意义上都属于水分胁迫，而盐渍除了有其低渗透势作用外，还存在着盐离子的毒害作用。

Through calculating the interaction parameter of each permeation composition, water vapor is shown to interact strongly with methyl chloride and HFC-152a. At the same time with competitive permeation, mixed clusters phenomena may also exist.

通过计算各渗透组分的相互作用参数，得知水蒸气与一氯甲烷及HFC-152a有较强的相互作用，在竞争渗透的同时可能存在混合成簇迁移现象。

By a good number of experiments, the dynamic law of natural water imbibition injection and pressure-pulse water imbibition injection for Da'anzai low permeability fracturing reservior were obtained, which can provide theoretical and.

渗吸注水是低渗透裂缝性油藏注水开采的重要机理，合理的注水方式与注水参数对改善低渗透裂缝性油藏水驱开发效果具有指导意义。

The nonhomogeneity of oil field make the displacing fluid to displace along high permeability formation,can't spread to the low permeability with no oil.

而油藏的非均质性却使驱替液仅沿高渗透层驱替，波及不到含油的低渗透层。

It put up no immobile shape ,have relative flowability , can intrude into the deep formation,selectively plug big pore pathor and high permeability formation,make the fluid turn to low permeability formation ,improve the low conformance factor caused by the nonhomogeneity ,improve the recovery ratio in big range .

它表现出没有一定形状，具有一定流动性，能进入地层深部，选择性地堵塞大孔道或高渗透层，使液流转向进入较低渗透层，改善因非均质性造成的波及系数低的问题，从而大幅度的提高油藏的采收率。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。