渗流

The research results show as follows: if the gas pressure is fixed, the seepage velocity of briquets drops at first and rises later with increasing axial stress, and increases after peak stress.

研究结果表明：恒定瓦斯压力时，在某一围压下，峰前渗流速度随轴向应力先减小后缓慢增大，到达峰值应力后，随轴向应力的减小而增大。

Based on the briquets of the outburst coal seam of typical coal and gas outburst mine of Datong in Songzao Coal and Electricity Company, by means of self-developed triaxial gas-seepage experimental device, the experimental research of permeability of gas-bearing briquets in the complete stress-strain process is performed.

利用典型煤与瓦斯突出矿井松藻煤电集团打通一矿突出煤层原煤制备型煤试件，应用自行研制的含瓦斯煤样三轴瓦斯渗流试验装置，进行含瓦斯型煤试件的全应力－应变过程瓦斯渗透特性变化规律的试验研究。

Many gas reservoir simulation programs are based on the linear Darcys Law; it is difficult to accurately describe the above-mentioned non-linear percolation rule. It is even useless in many practical applications.

然而，目前大量的气藏数值模拟软件是基于线性的达西定律的，难以对上述非线性渗流规律进行准确描述，因而在很多实际应用中显得无能为力。

By the law of conservation of mass, the principle of effective stress and the Darcys law as well as the equilibrium differential equations, a coupled mathematic model that included the terms of source and sink, and its corresponding direct coupled FEA model, for the analysis of groundwater seepage and stress were developed.

其次根据土体的平衡微分方程、质量守恒定律、有效应力原理以及达西定律建立了考虑源汇项的渗流场与应力场耦合数学模型，并且提出了直接耦合有限元计算方法。

Comparison were made among different desorption methods to prove that the permeating rate of desorbing water will affect the desorption performance to a considerable extent.

通过一系列的实验研究，证明了脱附用水的渗流速度对脱附性能有一定的影响。

By now, the theory of the electrophoretic chips is behind the technology and the devisers used to design the devices and optimize the method of the fluidic control by experience. So it need a systemic method to optimize the method of the fluidic control.

至今为止电泳芯片理论发展滞后于技术，设计者往往根据经验设计网络管道，通过实验进行优化来实现最终的流体控制方案，因此迫切需要一种能够系统的对电渗流控制方案进行预测和优化的方法。

Calculation and analysis the effects of primary flow parameters and structure parameters such as fliter volocity of flow,diameter of ceramic particle,void fraction of ceramic,section shape of ceramic filter element on filter efficiency and pressure drop of regid candle ceramic filter element in this paper.

计算和分析了渗流流速以及陶瓷颗粒直径、孔隙率、陶瓷过滤元件截面形状等主要流动参数与结构参数对于刚性烛状陶瓷过滤器过滤效率和过滤流动的压力降等特性的影响。

The scientific meaning of the work above is: researching the kinetics process of the gas diffusion electrode from the porous medium mechanics point of view, which can get more physical parameters effecting the electrode process and be favourable for designing high efficiency gas electrode.

上述工作的科学意义在于：从渗流的角度认识气体扩散电极的电极动力学过程，可以进一步提炼出影响电极过程的物理参数，有助于设计高效率气体电极。

During the fracturing for low pressure and low permeability gas reservoirs, there are some main problems in conventional hydroxypropylguar - organic boron cross-linking system: Firstly, the water-lock damage to low pressure and low permeability gas formations by filter liquor; Secondly, the reason for alkali-sensitive damage in alkali-sensitive reservoirs is that conventional hydroxypropylguar - organic boron cross-linking fracturing fluids were cross-linked under alkaline environment, while the permeability of reservoirs is reduced greatly; Thirdly, the formation pressure is low, and the energy of flow back is not enough, at present, the main measure in oil fields is "injecting with liquid nitrogen", but this technique increased the cost of fracturing, making great troubles in operating, and leaving the liquid nitrogen also is a big problem.

在低压低渗透气藏的压裂改造过程中，常规羟丙基胍胶-有机硼交联压裂液体系存在的主要问题，一是压裂液滤液对低压低渗透气层造成的水锁损害；二是常规羟丙基胍胶-有机硼压裂液是在碱性条件下交联的，对碱敏性储层造成碱敏损害，降低储层渗流能力；三是地层压力低，压裂液返排能量不足，当前各油田采取的措施主要是&液氮伴注&技术，但是&液氮伴注&技术增加了压裂的费用，而且液氮存放也存在较大问题。

The main courses are political theory and foreign language, engineering mathematics, elasto-plastic mechanics, computer applications, fluid mechanics, seepage mechanics, numerical simulation of petroleum deposits, petroleum chemistry, recovery ratio theory, petroleum and natural gas exploration techniques, petroleum and natural gas well engineering, shaft engineering, natural gas engineering, petroleum deposit engineering, pipe engineering for petroleum transport, pipe engineering for gas transport, petroleum and gas transport, simulation of petroleum and gas pipes, natural gas liquefaction technique, management theory and energy economics.

研修的主要课程有：政治理论课、外语课、工程数学、弹塑性力学、计算机应用技术、高等流体力学、高等渗流力学、油藏数值模拟、油田化学、采收率原理、现代油气勘探技术、现代油气井工程、现代凿井工程、天然气工程、高等油藏工程、高等采油工程、高等输油管道工程、高等输气管工程、油气田采输系统、油气管道运行模拟、天然气液化技术、高等管理学基础、能源经济等。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。