渗流

The development of saprolite is realized by the progressive propagation of the weathering front of low permeable rock blocks, and the condensate from the moisture and the unsaturated seepage flow are the key agents of the propagation process.

腐岩发育是通过低渗透岩石结构体风化前锋的渐进性扩展实现的，非饱和带高湿度空气形成的凝结水和降水入渗形成的非饱和渗流是该过程的核心动力。

The long-term seepage control effects of the surrounding rocks of the underground powerhouse are performed by a stationary seepage analysis method combining the variational inequality formulation of Signorini's type with an adaptive penalty Heaviside function to guarantee the numerical stability and convergence. Meanwhile, the difficulty in finite element mesh generation is reduced and the calculation time and modeling accuracy are balanced with a global model of equivalent modeling and a submodel of accurate modeling for drainage hole array.

为确保数值计算的稳定性和收敛性，采用Signorini型变分不等式和自适应罚函数相结合的稳定渗流分析方法，对厂房围岩的长期渗控效应进行计算分析；同时，采用基于等效模拟的整体模型分析和基于精细模拟的子模型分析相结合的方法，以减小有限元建模难度并协调计算量和计算精度之间的矛盾。

Each of cores were carried on NMR measurement after each of six or seven different centrifugal force, author can got that 200 psi was suitable to be best centrifugal force calibrating T_2 cutoff value for glutenite cores, and 400 psi was suitable for carbonatite and vulcanite cores in this ***, and corresponding lower limit of valid throat is 0.1μm for glutenite and 0.05μm for carbonatite and vulcanite.

对本文实验选取的岩心而言，低孔、低渗砂砾岩岩心T_2截止值标定时适合的最佳离心力均大致可取200psi，而碳酸岩和火山岩岩心最佳离心力均大致可取400psi，对应的有效渗流喉道半径下限砂砾岩为0.1μm，碳酸岩和火山岩为0.05μm。

By using Visual Modflow software,the numerical simulation is carried out,and the seepage field characteristics and the hydraulic discharge of dock foundation pit of different confined drainage scheme is simulatively calculated in several typical conditions,finally hydraulic discharge of foundation pit obtained accords with actual situation;also,the design schemes .

在分析水文地质条件的基础上，建立模拟区水文地质概念模型，运用Visual Modflow软件进行数值模型建模，模拟计算了多种典型条件下不同承压排水方案的船坞基坑底部渗流场特征及渗流量，最终给出较为符合实际情况的基坑涌水量；探讨基坑排水装置的设置方案；并指出涌水量模拟过程中应注意的问题。

Its form and intensity in different areas of the buried hills and different evolution stage are very different and has caused the change of reservoir properties, namely increasing heterogeneity: intensive and selective corrosion has caused obvoius enlargment of the pre—existing pores and increase of permeability of algal sparry dolomite located in main permeable course and dilution zone of water injection, precipitation of secondary minerals has caused the reduction of porosity and decrease of permeability in the upper part of oil pool and oil—water contact.

古潜山不同区段在油藏保存和开发期，其水—岩作用方式与强度具有明显的差异性，导致储渗性能的非均质性增强：在主渗流带中的亮晶藻屑白云岩由于受到多期强烈的选择性溶蚀作用，孔洞发育，渗透性增强；而在油藏顶部和底部油水混合带中，水—岩作用以次生矿物沉淀为主，孔隙被充填，渗透性降低。

Based on the results of exploration and in-site test of typical waste dump in southwest mountainous area,the analysis theory and method of waste dump rainfall infiltration are discussed beginning at analysing coal waste's mechanics characteristic and seepage theoty. Fllowed estimating method of waste dump stability is discussed influenced by rainfall. At last a typical engineering example of coal waste dump landslide influenced by rainfall is researched, acquiring research fruit hereinafter.①Particular exploration of typical waste dump in chongqing area and analysis estimate to its area engineering geology are done. Granule gradation、water content、nature density、dry densit etc parameter of waste granular media are tested. The mechanics characteristic of waste are researched by in-site shear experimentation、compressibility experimentation and infiltration experimentation.②The coal waste dumping is different from other consecutive solid material as incompact granule structure. Its shear strength and transforming characteristic also have itself characteristic.

本文针对山区矸石山，结合踏勘和现场试验，从分析矸石散体的力学特性以及渗流理论出发，研究了矸石山降雨入渗的分析理论与方法，在此基础上提出了矸石山体降雨作用下的稳定性评价方法，最后进行了降雨作用下典型矸石山滑坡工程实例研究，取得了以下研究成果：①对重庆山区中梁山、万盛、荣昌、天府、綦江等矿区代表性的矸石山进行详细踏勘，对矸石山的堆放形态及其区域的工程水文地质情况进行调查；针对重庆山区矸石山，测试矸石散体的颗粒级配、含水量、天然密度、干密度等参数、并在此基础上，通过现场剪切、压缩、渗透试验等研究矸石散体的力学特征。

Complicated geologic characteristic and special flow mechanism of low permeability sand gas reservoir s made a lot of reserves difficult to be developed.

低渗砂岩气藏复杂的地质特性、特殊的渗流机理造成了相当一部分储量难得以到有效开发，难动用储量的开发是油气田开发工作者面临的一个重大课题。

In this paper, the change of the hydraulic grade line in the dam is studied based on the basic theory of seepage.

本文从渗流基本理论出发，探求了土坝在非稳定渗流下坝体内自由水面线的变化过程。

The rule for the seepages of fluids in low permeability media deviate Darcy s Law in some extent.

在低渗介质中，流体渗流往往表现出对达西定律的一定偏离。

The hydraulic splitting safety factor of pressure tunnel under inclined ground is proposed firstly.

研究了不衬砌水工压力隧洞在运行期间的水力劈裂情况、渗流场分布和内水外渗情况，首次提出陡倾地表下不衬砌压力隧洞与裂纹几何特性、力学特性和岩石断裂韧度高度相关的水力劈裂系数的概念。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。