渗

The characteristic of boriding medium absorbing microwave was adopted,which can realize the preparation of boriding layer on the steel surface.

利用渗硼介质吸收微波的特性可实现钢铁表面渗硼层的制备，渗硼介质与微波作用产生的温度特性是影响渗硼层形成最主要的因素。

In the explore in water seepage mechanism of highway engineering, at the foundation of author's and other people's research, the author study the groundwater seepage and infiltration of rain and water with the groundwater dynamics, the rock mechanics ,the soil mechanics, the hydrologic geology, the engineering geology, the agrology. With the research result of the water seepage mechanism of highway, the author also study the principle design of waterproof, drainage and water environmental protection. The author's work is as follows:(1) The water circulation, the groundwater type and conversion, the equilibrium and circulation in soil water are introduced and studied; The seepage characteristics of rock and soil in response to stress are analyzed and studied.

作为在"公路工程地质环境中水渗流机制问题研究"中的探索研究，在本人科研和前人研究工作的基础上，以地下水动力学、岩土力学、水文地质学、工程地质学、土壤学为基础，研究公路工程建设对地下水渗流和雨水入渗的影响，以及公路防排水和水环境保护设计的原则方法，具体开展了如下研究工作：(1)首先对水循环、地下水类型及转化、土壤水平衡与循环进行了研究和介绍；分析研究了应力对岩土体渗流特性产生影响的机理。

Liquid diffusion technology was used to aluminize on the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy.The hypereutectic aluminized coating was obtained.

采用液相扩渗技术在挤压态AZ31镁合金表面快速渗入铝，在合金表面获得过共晶渗层，并对渗层的成分、相组成、扩渗过程、纳米硬度和腐蚀性能进行分析。

The article analyzes the experiment results of gas percolating in low permeable medium with irreducible water, and gets its percolation law and features, that appear on the relational chart of percolation velocity vs. pressure gradient as a nonlinear percolation curve which changes continuously from a concave curve under low pressure gradient to a straight line under high pressure gradient.

文章分析了在含束缚水条件下低渗透岩石介质气体渗流实验结果，得到了其渗流规律及特征，即在气体渗流速度与压力梯度的关系图上表现为从较低压力梯度下的凹形曲线至较高压力梯度下的直线连续变化的非线性渗流曲线。

Time are tested under different kinds of stress for nitrided and un-nitrided specimens made from 35CrMo steel. The testing time ranges from 70 to 80 hours. The following equations are regressed from the tested curves: Un-nitrided specimens:〓 Nitrided specimens:〓 The above equations are consistent with the first stage theory for creep.

为此本文通过实验，测试了35CrMo钢渗氮和未渗氮两种试样在500℃时不同应力情况下的应变随时间的变化曲线，实验时间为70-80小时，将测得的曲线回归出以下方程：未渗氮样品：〓渗氮样品：〓以上方程符合蠕变的第一阶段陈化理论公式。

Results In group A, effusion of wound increased in 4 cases and the result of bacterial culture was negative; effusion was absorbed after 2 weeks of local irrigation, drainege and cortin management.

结果 A 组4 例伤口于术后3 d 渗液增加，渗液细菌培养为阴性，予局部冲洗、充分引流、应用皮质激素后2 周内渗液均吸收；B 组术后无大量渗液。

The primary contents are as follows:(1) Based on the fundamental seepage physical equation, the basic differential equation of saturated-unsaturated seepage in porous mediums has been deduced, in which the pressure head is the fundamental unknown quantity.

总体说来，本文主要从以下几个方面开展了研究：(1)由基本渗流物理方程出发，以压力水头为基本未知量推导多孔介质三维饱和—非饱和渗流微分方程，在此基础上分析了边坡在有降雨入渗条件下渗流的定解条件和计算模型。

Considering the difference of runoff characteristics on different underlying surface in the area of plain tidal river network, four kinds of surface is divided,namely, waters paddy field-, dry land and central urbanized area,and suitable method is adopted separately in each surface to simulate runoff process. Xinanjiang Model usually applicable for mountain areas is introduced to river network area, furthermore, the paper researches runoff calculation of central urbanized area, the underlying surface is divided into pervious and imperviousness areas.In perviousness areas, Hoton Infiltration formula and corresponding spatial infiltration rate curve are used to establish the relationship between infiltration rate and soil moisture in order to decide the infiltration. According to practical situation.

根据平原河网区城市下垫面产汇流方式的不同，分成水面、水田、旱地、城镇四类，分别采用相对应的产流汇流计算方法，将适用于山丘区的新安江模型引入到平原河网区城市，同时对于城镇这类下垫面，从下渗角度考虑，划分成透水和不透水两种类型，根据霍顿下渗公式和下渗率空间分布曲线，建立下渗率和土壤含水量的关系，进而研制出城镇透水面的产流计算方法，城镇汇流根据实际情况可结合城市管道排水计算。

In chapter 4, by analyzing the interchange of seepage water between overburden layer of weak permeability and sandy gravel bed, a short computer program for adopting weighting soil layer on the landside of dike is put forward, the optimal design schemes about combination weighting soil layer with inverted drainage works are studied.

第四章 通过分析堤基弱透水覆盖层与下卧砂砾层之间的渗流关系，创建了堤防背水侧盖重压渗的快捷计算模型并研制了相应的计算软件，提出了盖重压渗与反滤导渗相结合的优化设计方案。

Conditions of the seepage and stress is a dynamic process, and also shows its interaction and interdependence. Owing to the closure of the fracture, the hydraulic gradient and the permeability pressure of the fracture turn large, and also promote the expansion of water cracks, and fissures connectivity increasing. The increase of the crack opening width will result in the increase of the infiltration capacity and seepage flow, and the reduction of seepage pressure. Because of the dynamic dependence of the fracture aperture, pressure and seepage, under certain conditions, changes in fracture aperture can lead to the formation of local water-passage, and the local emission of high pressure water, and thus promotes the formation of the sudden outgush disasters.

结果表明：洞室开挖完成后，在围岩渗流与应力耦合作用下，围岩中裂隙隙宽、裂隙中水压及其渗透流量的变化是一个动态过程，且相互作用与相互依赖；裂隙的闭合使得结构面水力梯度变大，作用在裂缝上的渗透压力增大，促进导水裂缝扩展，裂隙连通性增加；裂缝张开度增大，渗透能力增强，渗流量增大，其渗流压力相应降低；由于围岩中裂隙隙宽、压力和渗流量的动态依赖性，在一定条件下，裂隙隙宽的改变可导致局部水力通道的形成，高压水头从局部涌出，从而促进突水灾害的形成。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。