渐近的

The leaf is large, intimate circle, part is born cauline top, palm state divides mid, lobation is linear wrap around needle form, gradually pointed, topmost 2 crack, two side provide petiole dentate spinule, halberd dash forward apparent, spadix armpit is unripe, bigger, individual plant of different of male and female, female flower is big, globose, helix shape is worn be born on spicule axis; Male flower is small, yellow, move unripe Yu Xiaobao piece in sunken acupuncture point, fructification is close globose, diametical 10-20 centimeter, black Brown, exocarp is smooth, mesocarp is thicker, fiber is qualitative, endocarp is by 1-3 hard osseous divides pit composition.

叶大型，近圆形，集生茎顶，掌状分裂到中部，裂片线状披针形，渐尖，顶端2裂，叶柄两侧具齿状小刺，戟突明显，肉穗花序腋生，较大，雌雄异株，雌花大，球形，螺旋状着生于小穗轴上；雄花小，黄色，着生于小苞片的凹穴里，果实近球形，直径10-20厘米，黑褐色，外果皮光滑，中果皮较厚，纤维质，内果皮则是由1-3枚硬骨质的分果核组成。

Both the sciurids and aplodontids found from Oligocene of Asia have closer relationships with those of North America than with Europe.

蒙古渐新世啮齿类化石的新发现表明，亚洲渐新世的松鼠和山河狸与北美的关系要比与欧洲的近。

This dissertation investigates the construction of pseudo-random sequences (pseudo-random numbers) from elliptic curves and mainly analyzes their cryptographic properties by using exponential sums over rational points along elliptic curves. The main results are as follows:(1) The uniform distribution of the elliptic curve linear congruential generator is discussed and the lower bound of its nonlinear complexity is given.(2) Two large families of binary sequences are constructed from elliptic curves. The well distribution measure and the correlation measure of order k of the resulting sequences are studied. The results indicate that they are "good" binary sequences which give a positive answer to a conjecture proposed by Goubin et al.(3) A kind of binary sequences from an elliptic curve and its twisted curves over a prime field F_p. The length of the sequences is 4p. The "1" and "0" occur almost the same times. The linear complexity is at least one-fourth the period.(4) The exponential sums over rational points along elliptic curves over ring Z_ are estimated and are used to estimate the well distribution measure and the correlation measure of order k of a family of binary sequences from elliptic curves over ring Z_.(5) The correlation of the elliptic curve power number generator is given. It is proved that the sequences produced by the elliptic curve quadratic generator are asymptotically uniformly distributed.(6) The uniform distribution of the elliptic curve subset sum generator is considered.(7) We apply the linear feedback shift register over elliptic curves to produce sequences with long periods. The distribution and the linear complexity of the resulting sequences are also considered.

本文研究利用椭圆曲线构造的伪随机序列，主要利用有限域上椭圆曲线有理点群的指数和估计讨论椭圆曲线序列的密码性质——分布、相关性、线性复杂度等，得到如下主要结果：(1)系统讨论椭圆曲线-线性同余序列的一致分布性质，即该类序列是渐近一致分布的，并给出了它的非线性复杂度下界；(2)讨论两类由椭圆曲线构造的二元序列的&良性&分布与高阶相关性(correlation of order κ)，这两类序列具有&优&的密码性质，也正面回答了Goubin等提出的公开问题；(3)利用椭圆曲线及其挠曲线构造一类二元序列，其周期为4p(其中椭圆曲线定义在有限域F_p上)，0-1分布基本平衡，线性复杂度至少为周期的四分之一；(4)讨论了剩余类环Z_上的椭圆曲线的有理点的分布估计，并用于分析一类由剩余类环Z_上椭圆曲线构造的二元序列的伪随机性；(5)讨论椭圆曲线-幂生成器序列的相关性及椭圆曲线-二次生成器序列的一致分布；(6)讨论椭圆曲线-子集和序列的一致分布；(7)讨论椭圆曲线上的线性反馈移位寄存器序列的分布，线性复杂度等性质。

Petiole 3-5 mm; leaf blade papery, ovate-lanceolate, 3.5-5 × 1-1.5 (-2.5) cm, base subrounded or attenuate, margin crenulate, apex acuminate or acute; lateral veins 4-6 pairs, slightly curving forward and disappearing before reaching margin.

叶柄3-5毫米；叶片纸质，卵状披针形， 3.5-5 * 1-1.5 (-2.5)厘米，基部近圆形或渐狭，具细圆齿的边缘，先端渐尖或锐尖的；侧脉4-6 对，稍弯曲前锋和在到达边缘前消失。

Leaf blade ovate to suborbicular, apex obtuse, shortly acuminate, or cuspidate; achene broadly ovoid or subglobose, purplish spots or verrucose.

叶片卵形到近圆形，先端钝，短渐尖，或骤尖；瘦果宽卵形或近球形，略带紫色的点或瘤状。

Leaf blade leathery; pistillode conic to cylindric; drupes indehiscent, enclosed by persistent calyx lobes.

叶片卵形到近圆形，先端钝，短渐尖，或骤尖；瘦果宽卵形或近球形，略带紫色的点或瘤状。

Basal leaves rosulate; petiole broadened at base, often ciliate, 1-6 cm; leaf blade lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2-9 × 0.5-2 cm, pubescent or glabrous, base cuneate or attenuate, margin entire, apex acute to subacuminate.

基生叶莲座状；叶柄扩大在基部，经常具缘毛，厘米；叶片披针形的到线状披针形， 2-9 * 0.5-2 厘米，被短柔毛或无毛，基部楔形或渐狭，边缘全缘，先端锐尖到近渐尖。

Gene introgression is usually resulted from spontaneous hybridization occurring among closely related species in sympatric populations and thus has great impact on genetic structure of natural populations.

同域分布的近缘物种常常发生杂交而导致种间基因渐渗，从而对相关物种的自然居群遗传结构产生重要影响，近缘种间的杂交渐渗已成为进化生物学和保护生物学关注的热点。

Leaves with petiole 20-45 cm, axis striate, petioles inflated at base; leaflets (2 or)3-5-jugate; petiolules 8-10 mm; blades dull when dry, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate to oblong, 10-25 × 2.5-7.5 cm, papery or thinly leathery, glabrous, reticulate veins visible, slightly prominent, lateral veins 10-15 pairs, slightly curved, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, apex acuminate or shortly acuminate, mucronate.

叶柄20-45厘米，轴具条纹，叶柄膨大在基部；小叶(2或者)3-5成对；小叶柄8-10毫米；叶片干燥时使黯淡的，披针形或长圆形披针形到长圆形， 10-25 * 2.5-7.5 厘米，纸质或薄革质，无毛，可见的网脉，稍突出的，侧脉10-15对，稍弯曲，基部宽楔形到近圆形，先端渐尖或短渐尖，短尖。

Leaves persistent; petiole purple-green, 2-3.5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade abaxially gray-white, adaxially dark green and lucid, oblong-elliptic or elliptic, 10-14 × 3-6 cm, papery or subleathery, glabrous, pinnatinerved, lateral veins 8-12 pairs, base obtuse, apex caudate-acuminate, acumen 2-2.4 cm.

叶宿存；叶柄紫色绿色，2-3.5厘米，无毛；叶片背面的灰白色，正面深绿色和有光泽，长圆状椭圆形的或椭圆形， 10-14 * 3-6 厘米，纸质的或近革质的，无毛，羽状脉，侧脉8-12 对，基部钝，先端尾状渐尖，渐尖头2-2.4厘米。

Recall that, in the Kolmogorov axiomatization, measurable sets are the sets which have a probability or, in other words, the sets corresponding to yes/no questions that have a probabilistic answer.

延期开工的Kolmogorov宣布要衡量所有套职能有限许多坐标限制在于衡量子寅。换句话说，如果是/否的问题回答f可看的价值观念在许多最有限坐标，然后它有一个概率的答案。

The experimental results showed that the algorithm can filter singular points and remain fixity of the target edge.

实验表明：基于模糊理论的图像智能滤波方法比常规图像滤波方法运算量小，它既能去除奇异点，又能保持图像中目标的边缘不变性，具有很好的滤波效果。