淬火钢

The results show that these semi-high speed steels can be hardened remarkably by secondary hardening to meet the hardness requirements of cold rolling. The secondary hardness of the tested steels is increased with the contents of alloying elements such as Mo, V, Si and changed with quenching temperature to show two peaks.

研究结果表明，新型半高速钢有显著的二次硬化效应，能满足冷轧工作辊的硬度要求；随Mo、V和Si等合金元素含量升高钢的二次硬度升高，随淬火温度升高钢的二次硬度出现两次峰值。

Increasing quenching temperature can improve the impact toughness and wear property, and the optimal impact toughness (40 J/cm^2) and wear performance of the tested steel can be obtaind by quenching at 1100℃ and tempering at 250℃ SEM analysis finds that the main wear mechanism is cutting wear and fillister under the low stress grinding abrasion.

提高淬火温度有利于冲击韧度和耐磨性的提高，经1100℃淬火＋250℃回火热处理，材料可获得最佳的冲击韧度(40J/平方公分)及耐磨性。用SEM分析发现，在该低应力磨料磨损工况下，实验钢的磨损形式主要有显微切削和凿坑。

Surface of plate face was very smooth, unlike rough, pebbly surface of cemented plates, such as U.S.

碳含量被增加到了VC钢的水平以使其容易淬火；加入适量的铜以减少镍的使用量；又加入少量的钼以加强淬火的硬化能力；在无须牺牲VC级别防护性能的情况下，没有采用对浅层装甲使用渗碳（大多数情况下外国的表面硬化处理方式）的工艺。

If be in of GCr15 steel quench appear in the organization thick acicular martensite, it is quench overheat is organized.

若在GCr15钢的淬火组织中出现粗针状马氏体，则为淬火过热。。。。。。

This article analyzes and compares the general heat treatment technics of Q275 steel with the quenching and backfiring technics.

分析并比较了Q275钢普通热处理工艺与锻热淬火+回火工艺，提出采用锻热淬火+回火工艺对钩尾销进行热处理，效果显著。

FEATURES: Hardened and precision-ground bedways, the spindle is supported with precision taper roller bearings, gears in the headstock are made of high-quality steel, hardened and ground, speed-changing levers driven by fan-shaped gears, operating easily, safe interlock and a overload safety devices in apron, electromagnetic braking, cooling and lighting devices are supplied.

特点：床身导轨表面经淬火和精密磨削，主轴支撑采用精密圆锥滚子轴承，主轴箱内齿轮采用优质钢并经表面淬火和磨削，变速机构采用扇型齿轮传动，操作灵活方便，溜板箱设有安全互锁装置和过载保险机构，配有电磁刹车、冷却及照明装置。

An ultra-high strength, weldable, low alloy steel with excellent cryogenic temperature toughness in the base plate and in the heat affected zone when welded, having a tensile strength greater than 830 MPa (120 ksi) and a micro-laminate microstructure comprising austenite film layers and fine-grained martensite/lower bainite laths, is prepared by heating a steel slab comprising iron and specified weight percentages of some or all of the additives carbon, manganese, nickel, nitrogen, copper, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, niobium, vanadium, titanium, aluminum, and boron; reducing the slab to form plate in one or more passes in a temperature range in which austenite recrystallizes; finish rolling the plate in one or more passes in a temperature range below the austenite recrystallization temperature and above the Ar3 transformation temperature; quenching the finish rolled plate to a suitable Quench Stop Temperature; stopping the quenching; and either, for a period of time, holding the plate substantially isothermally at the QST or slow-cooling the plate before air cooling, or simply air cooling the plate to ambient temperature.

在基体板以及焊接时的热影响区处的低温韧性优异的超高强度、可焊接、低合金钢具有高于830MPa（120ksi）的抗拉强度，并且具有包含奥氏体薄膜层和细晶粒的马氏体／下贝氏体板条的显微层状组织，所述钢的制备过程为：加热含有铁以及特定重量百分比的添加元素的钢坯，所述添加元素为碳，锰，镍，氮，铜，铬，钼，硅，铌，钒，钛，铝，以及硼中的一些或全部；在奥氏体可发生再结晶的温度范围内，采用一个或多个道次，将所述钢坯轧制成板材；在低于奥氏体再结晶温度但高于Ar 3 转变点的温度下，采用一个或多个道次对所述板材进行终轧；将所述终轧板材淬火至一适当淬火终止温度；停止所述淬火；或者在空冷前在QST点基本等温保持所述板材一段时间，或者对所述板材进行缓慢冷却，或者只是简单地将所述板材空冷至室温。

The microstructure of hardened layer and formation mechanism were investigated.The microstructure of hardened layer consist of the completely hardened region and the transition region.The completely hardening region is composed of fine acicular martensites,residual austenites and a few dot-like carbonides.From surface to bottom in the hardened layer,the microstructure varies from fine to coar...

结果表明：采用适当的磨削参数可满足该钢所要求的淬火温度，进而获得适宜的淬硬层显微硬度和强化层深度；磨削淬火层由完全硬化区和过渡区组成；完全硬化区主要由细小针状马氏体组成，从表面到里层，组织形貌呈现&细→粗→细&的变化规律，其形成机理是热-力耦合作用影响磨削淬火过程中的奥氏体晶粒大小及其位错密度，并将直接影响转变后的马氏体组织形貌。

Mainly thimble, reset rod, Secretary extinguishers (use of international standards such as the Japanese JIS, German DIN); SUJ2 derivative bearing steel columns, Introduction sets (using the Japanese "Fu Aventis" standard); jack mouth S45C high-quality steel products (use of international standards ), SKD11 Chong-pin, SKH51 straight needle, SUJ2 straight needle; there straight guide columns, occasional columns, sets of straight guide, care kits, gate kits rod guide column, bar ring, oblique derivative columns, quenching cylindrical, silver steel bars, flat die springs, black line round springs, high-speed steel Chong-pin, water Tsui, positioning ring, locking independent guide columns, sliding-oriented pieces, rolling-oriented pieces, heating tube , dual electric, high temperature wire, insulation casing, Nagarze wiring accessories such as mold.

主要有顶针、复位杆、司筒（采用国际标准如日本JIS、德国DIN）；SUJ2轴承钢导柱、导套（采用日本&富特巴&标准）；唧觜选用优质S45C钢材，SKD11冲针、SKH51直冲针、SUJ2直冲针；还有直导柱、托柱、直导套、托套、浇口套拉杆导柱、拉杆挡圈、斜导柱、淬火圆柱、银钢枝、模具扁弹簧、黑线圆弹簧、高速钢冲针、水咀、定位圈、锁扣独立导柱、滑动导向件、滚动导向件、加热管、电热偶、高温导线、绝缘套管、接线卡子等模具配件。

In order to verify the accuracy of heat transfer coefficient,2D nonlinear finite element axisymmetric model is established by the means of finite element software MSC.Marc, which is utilized to simulate the transient temperature field coupled with phase transformation process and nonlinear synthetic surface heat transfer coefficient of several typical steels in the different quenchants.

Marc作为模拟平台，建立了淬火过程二维非线性有限元模型，模拟淬火过程中的瞬态温度场，在模拟过程中以多种常用钢在不同淬火介质中的非线性表面综合换热系数为边界条件，同时耦合了相变过程的影响。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。