淡化

The development of science and technology has not only brought great progress, but also many dilemmas for the sustainable development for people. For instance, the potential formidableness brought by science and technology are equal to its powerfulness; so here appear new and challenging ethical issues, such as the traditional value and ethics fading and lost, unavoidable human alienation, hazardous ratio on rise and so forth.

科学技术的发展给人类的发展带来巨大进步，但也令人类的持续发展面临许多困境，如：科技的危险程度与其强大程度成正比，现代科技的发展带来新的富有挑战性的伦理问题，传统的伦理价值淡化甚至消失，人的异化不可避免，系统危险增加，等等。

To freckle products Tingduo, but it is to dilute the main to remove little hope.

能祛斑的产品挺多的，但都是以淡化为主，彻底清除的希望不大。

Some manufacturers had been using it to make watered-down milk appear full of protein.

一些制造商已用它来作淡化牛奶出现全面的蛋白质。

Functional transformation of Chinese current judicial interpretation is firstly to pay less attention to its long-standing authority function and restore its true features as a judicial means.

我国现行司法解释的机能转换首先在于淡化其历时已久的权力光环，还司法解释作为一种司法手段的本来面目。

But fight the fame and wealth because of the each religious section, sit in silence this good method, downplaying gradually, each drive religious section the thought turn, systemize, the heavenliness turn.

但是由于各个教派争夺名利，静坐这个良好的方法，逐渐淡化了，各个被教派思想化，组织化、神圣化。

This study describes the multi-facet systematic evolution of the said rural community from 1907 to 2007: from the perspective of ethnic culture, it has changed from a single ethnic cultural community of Yoghur(Ethnic Yugur\'s self-name) ethnic group into a multi-ethnic cultural community with Yoghur ethnic group as the dominating majority and embracing the ethnic groups of Han, Tibetan, Tu, Mongolian and Kazak; from the perspective of language, it has changed from a community where Yoghur and Tibetan languages dominated with the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language as the subordinate into one where the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language dominate with the Yoghur language as the subordinate; in the perspective of marriage and heirship system, from a parallel operation of two systems (patrilineal heirship for official marriages and matrilineal heirship system for matrimonial forms through the head-wearing ceremony) to monogamy and patrilineal heirship; in the perspective of means of living, from animal husbandry complemented with hand knitting and camel caravan transporting to agricultural farming complemented with animal husbandry and many others; in the perspective of social organization, from a traditional tribe to a modern country society; in the perspective of political system and social management, from the customs-authority management which combined the dominating headman hereditary system under the tribal union of an imperial dynasty and the subordinating elite influence, to the resource-interest management of party-government departmental system under the ethnic minority autonomy of a nation state; in the perspective of religious faith, from a coexistence of the Gelug Tibetan Buddhism and Shamanism and the devout ancestor worship to the currently prevalent ancestor worship with religions declining and faith weakening; in the perspective of education, from the local-knowledge-oriented education to an official-knowledge-oriented education, in which modern schooling has become the major educational organization instead of the former traditional temple education; the school has replaced the temple as the "knowledge-culture" communication center; at least in the minds of the local people the central role of family education during the children\'s cultural development has also been replaced by schooling.

本研究描述了1907～2007年间，这个乡村社区的多面向的系统变迁：从族群文化的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔为绝对主体的单一族群文化社区转变为一个以尧乎尔为主体的、有汉、藏、土、蒙古、哈萨克等组成的多元族群文化社区；从语言文字的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔语和藏文为主，以汉语方言和汉文为辅的社区转变为一个以汉语方言和汉文为主，以尧乎尔语为辅的社区；从婚姻与继嗣制度的角度而言，从一个双系并行(明媒正娶婚行父系继嗣制度，帐房戴头婚行母系继嗣制度)的社区转变为行一夫一妻制和父系继嗣制度的社区；从生计方式的角度看，从一个以畜牧业生产为主，以手工编织和驼队运输为辅的社区转变为一个以农业为主，以牧业为辅的、多种生计方式并存的社区；从社会组织的形态而言，从一个传统部落社会转变为一个现代乡村社会；从政治制度和社会控制的角度而言，从帝制王朝的部落联盟制下头目世袭制为主，户族精英为辅的习俗—权威型控制方式转变为一个民族-国家中民族区域自治制度下以党政科层制的资源—利益型控制方式；从宗教信仰的角度而言，从一个格鲁派藏传佛教和萨满教并存，祖先崇拜之风甚烈的社区转变为寺庙衰落、信仰淡化、惟祖先崇拜仍广为流行的社区；从教育的角度而言，从一个以地方知识教育为主的社区转变为一个以官方知识教育为主的社区，现代学校教育取代了传统寺庙教育成为社区的主要教育组织形式，学校取代寺庙成为"知识—文化"传播的中心，在青少年儿童的文化成长过程中，家庭教养扮演的中心角色，至少在乡民的观念上被学校教育替代。

According to numerical statement about"poor scholars"in Tang Dynasty, the general"poor scholars"were more than the hereditary scholar class, The cultural disparity desalinated between the hereditary scholar class and scholar-bureaucrats.But the hereditary scholar clas had certain superiority after all,which causing the superiority of the hereditary scholar class in jinshi, the general"poor scholars"enterd the official career through the other ways.

从对两唐书中情况的统计来看，唐代一般寒士在人数上是超过士族寒士的，庶族在文化上的进步，士庶之间的文化差距已经淡化了，但是士族毕竟有着一定的优势，这导致了士族寒士在进士科中的优势，而一般寒士则更多的通过其他科目来进入仕途。

First of all , it is seen in Zhang Wei"s long writing that continuous changes occurs with the following era contexts which is shown. First, the gradual desalinization of " earth image " on the space," earth " is not only a creation in Zhang Wei"s novel, but the main source of the poesy of its works. It declines after " September fable ", not only indicating Zhang Wei "s decay of poesy of the novel, but also reflecting the disobeyed pross of light appear contemporary China social urbanization and common customs to . Second, the change of " writing subject projection " in the spiritual meaning, Its characteristic displayed by the reduction of image of spokesman as write thought representation .and on the other side represent" person who want more that resist actively " which also shows contemporary intellectual predicament and adjustment of value. Third, in " changeable and separate characteristics in the stylistics ",It changes " epic body " of" Ancient ship "," body not mythical " to " September fable "," pour out body " of" Bai Hui "" Family "," the discipline spreads the body "of Book of other provinces"," lie body " of" Can not recall the hollyhock ". Its constant changes persuing of recreation and sports, has entered into the different book mode and narration of different class gradually too.

首先，张炜的长篇写作中可以看出一种跟随时代语境而不断发生的变化，这表现在：一是空间上的"大地意象"的渐趋淡化，"大地"不但是张炜小说中的一个创造，而且也是其作品的诗意的主要源泉，它在《九月寓言》之后的衰退，不但表明了张炜小说中诗意的衰减，而同时也反照出当代中国社会城市化和世俗化进程的不可违拗；二是精神意义上的"写作主体投影"的变化，其特征主要表现为作为作家思想代言者的"正面的知识者"形象的弱化，代表其另一面的"积极反抗的多欲者"的凸显，这也显示了当代知识分子价值的困境与调整；三是在"文体上的多变与另类化"，由《古船》的"史诗体"，到《九月寓言》的"神话体"，再到《柏慧》、《家族》的"倾诉体"，《外省书》的"纪传体"，《能不忆蜀葵》的"诳语体"，其文体不断求变，也逐渐走入了异书模式和另类叙述。

The probabilities are increasing, in an irregular and immeasurable manner, as knowledge and materials become available to those who wish us ill. Fear may recede with time, but the danger won't the war against terrorism can never be won. The best the nation can achieve is a long succession of stalemates. There can be no checkmate against hydra-headed foes.

这种可能性，正以一种不规则且难以衡量的速度逐渐增加当中，随时仇视我们的敌人渐渐掌握伤害我们的信息及资源，恐惧的心理或许会随着时间慢慢淡化，但危险却依然存在，对抗恐怖活动的战争永远不会结束，我们能够得到最好的结果是让问题控制在一定程度之下，对于铲除仇视我们的狂热份子绝无根治之道。

Why don't you use sea hydro?

为什么你不淡化海水呢

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。