淋溶作用

The process of ecological degradation in the vicinity of Shaoguan Pb/Zn smelter may be summed as: heavy metals and acidic deposits from the waste gas from smelter resulted in the vanishment of the sensitive plant species, increasing accumulation of heavy metals in soils and acidification of topsoil worsened the chemical properties and then shallow-rooted plant, mainly the herbaceous, vanished. With the demolishment of the vegetation cover, increasing water-soil erosion worsened physico-chemical properties of soil and, subsequently, some woody plants disappeared and barren land was finally appeared.

该生态系统的退化过程可以归纳为：来自于冶炼废气的重金属和酸沉降导致了敏感植物的消亡，丧失了对土壤的缓冲保护作用；重金属在土壤表层的积累，酸性物质在土壤表层的增加导致的土壤酸化以及由此引发的有机质与养分的淋溶和重金属及Al的活性增加，加剧植被的快速退化，特别是浅根植物的衰亡；地被层的破坏，导致水土流失和土壤侵蚀加深，进一步恶化表层土壤的理化性质，一些木本植物随之消失，最终形成光板地。

Results indicated that rain eluviation was one of the means by which P.

由此表明，雨水淋溶是多裂骆驼蓬向环境释放化感物质的途径之一，化感作用在增强其生态竞争力和扩大种群中起着重要的作用。

Soil net N nitrification would increase with the increase of the %FNDA of Lespedeza bicolor. Lespedeza bicolor could fix a large amount of N〓, but was also likely to increase the N leaching loss.

胡枝子固氮作用越强，土壤有机氮的净硝化量就越大，胡枝子在从大气中获取大量〓的同时，很可能会增加氮素的淋溶损失量。

In fine mesh bags the anabolism of microorganisms could assimilate N from outside of bags and even partly offset the effect of physical and chemical decay, such as leaching.

微孔径袋内由于排除了大中型土壤动物的作用，微生物的同化作用将凋落物袋外环境中的N元素等物质吸收到袋内凋落物中，甚至还可能部分抵消了气候因素导致的物理、化学腐解作用，如淋溶等。

Has weak activation and transfer under acid rain effect and redeposition will take place during the course of their moving from surface soil to deep soil. Contrasted quality standard analysis of surface water, ground water and drinking water, these elements will not bring about negative effect to the water environment and ecological environment of soil.

进一步相态分析结果表明，受酸雨淋滤作用的影响，离子的迁移主要发生在盐基离子上，具体表现在经酸雨淋滤后表层土壤水溶态组分中盐基离子浓度降低，与此相对应的是Al离子浓度显著增高，一个直观的反映是土壤的电导率降低。

This is not surprising, given the closer proximity of Pengyang to the Asian inland dust sources; The average content of calcium carbonateis of Pengyang section is not only higher than that of central loess plateau, but also higher the west of Chinese Loess Plateau, which reflected Pengyang loess had been deposited by near Liupanshan\'s substances that contained more calcium carbonateis; The content of diffluent element of 10m depth in the section increased fast, which indicated that the modern eluviation and the leaching depth of loess may be stronger than our guess; The soil growth index can reflect the intensity of soil forming and the climatic changes; The "abrupt chang" of glacial and interglacial period was caused by strong soil-forming processes that enlarged the discrepancy of granularity between loess and paleosol. However, the magnetic susceptibility nearly cannot reflect the existence of S_8 and the magnetic susceptibility of S_7 is highest in the whole section, which is inconsistent with other studies that S_5 has the highest magnetic susceptibility.Thin-section examination shows that the micro-texture of the soil layers is divided into both cementing texture in S_7, S_5 and S_1, and granular texture in all others.

与其它剖面相比，彭阳剖面粒度总体上要比东部的洛川、西安，甚至西部的兰州、新疆东湾要粗；CaCO_3平均含量不仅高于黄土高原中部，也高于高原西部，反映出本剖面富含碳酸盐的六盘山近源沉积起到了很重要的作用；易溶元素含量在剖面10m处快速升高，淀积特征明显，反映出黄土受现代淋溶成土作用影响较大，黄土直立、疏松、多孔特性和高温与多雨组合的气候特点，使得元素淋溶、淀积的强度和深度超出了传统的认识和判断；烧失量与其它指标相比，不仅能区分冰期、间冰期；而且能够区分出次一级的冰阶、间冰阶，有较高的分辨率；土壤发育指数、红度能够反映土壤强度差异，是反映气候波动的较好指标；然而，磁化率不能反映古土壤S_8的存在，且S_7的磁化率在全剖面中最高，这与大多剖面S_5磁化率最高的特点不一致。4。

The leaching and release of Ca~(2+) and HCO_3, the key elements for karstification, is characterized by a first high concentration but fast decreasing phase followed by a phase steady to equilibrium, indicating removal of readily mobile Ca and bicarbonate is involved in epigenic limestone dissolution as evaluated by karst water chemistry.

结果表明，岩溶作用使土壤中易移动性组分淋溶，Ca~（2＋）、HCO_3~－的淋出动态表现为开始的快速下降和随之的平衡两个淋出阶段，淋出量与土壤中水溶性Ca、可氧化有机质的含量有关。土壤对HCO_3~－的淋出与排释有促进作用。

During the period of the mineralizing, the surroundings of studying are is continental facies. The aggraded materials who have experienced long time efflorescence and leaching have corrosion and eluviated the alkali metals, alkaline earth, silicon, iron and so on. The schwer l Al2O3 is keeped down. So this condition made the enrichment of the aluminum and the bauxite is formed.

铝土矿成矿时期，研究区为陆相环境，已沉积物质在炎热潮湿的气候条件下经历了长期的风化淋滤作用，将碱金属、碱土金属、硅、铁等溶蚀淋滤掉，难溶的Al2O3残留下来，造成铝的富集，形成了铝土矿。

Bidentis were studied by adopting indoor bioassay. The results showed that the volatile matter of F. bidentis had not allelopathy to four receptor plants. The eluviated matter inhibited seedling growth of cotton obviously, the inhibition ratio of root and stem were 6.29% and 10.42% respectively. The aqueous extract of litterfall and root exudates had different inhibition to four receptor plants, The synthesis effectof all treatments was significantly greater than eluviated matter treatment except for B3 of the aqueous extract of root exudates, such as the synthesis effect of all treatments (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3 and eluviation) were 44.74, 29.37, 14.5, 31.54, 16.52, 3.55, 1.48 respectively.

结果显示：黄顶菊自然挥发物对受体植物不表现化感作用；黄顶菊淋溶物对棉花幼苗生长表现出明显的抑制作用，对棉花幼苗高度和根长的抑制率分别为6.29%和10.42%；黄顶菊枯落物浸提液和根系分泌物浸提液对4种受体植物均表现出不同程度的抑制作用，除了黄顶菊根系分泌物浸提液 B3处理外，其它处理的综合效应均显著大于淋溶物处理，如黄顶菊枯落物浸提液（ A1、 A2、 A3）、根系分泌物浸提液（ B1、 B2、 B3）以及淋溶物等各处理对受体植物的综合效应分别为44.74、29.37、14.5、31.54、16.52、3.55、1.48。

The measured porosity data and the observations of thin sections and blue epoxy resin-impregnated thin sections show that the diagenesis in the Qingshui sag can be divided into two stages and five substages. There exist three abnormally high porosity zones vertically in the Cenozoic reservoirs in the Qingshui sag, Liaohe Depression, whose genesis is related to the eluviation of precipitation and the dissolution of organic acid.

根据岩心实测孔隙度、薄片观察、铸体薄片和扫描电镜等实际资料，将辽河盆地西部凹陷清水洼陷新生界成岩作用划分为早成岩阶段和中成岩阶段2个阶段，其中包括5个亚期，指出该洼陷新生界纵向上发育3个异常高孔带，这种异常高空带的形成与大气降水淋滤作用和有机酸对储层的溶蚀作用有关。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。