淋巴细胞的

Methods: Density gradient centrifugalization and absorption technique wererespectively applied to detach peripheral blood mononuclear cells andperipheral blood lymphocytes,T lymphocytes were got by Nylon postabsorption method, and CD4+T and CD8+T lymphocytes divided with anti- CD4 andanti-CD8 antibody by alexin cytotoxic method.

密度梯度离心法分离外周血单个核细胞，玻璃器皿吸附法分离外周血淋巴细胞，尼龙棉柱法分离 T 淋巴细胞，补体介导的细胞毒法分别制备 CD4+T和 CD8+T 淋巴细胞，采用 T 淋巴细胞与角质形成细胞共培养技术研究银屑病患者外周血 T 细胞对角质形成细胞的影响，免疫组化法检测共培养角质形成细胞 Ki67、c-Myc 及 Bcl-xL 蛋白的表达。

The studies on the capacities of immune responses of lymphocytes in peripheral blood and immune organs of Grass Carp (Ctenpharyngoden idellus Cuvier et Valencinnes) to PHA and SPA with incorporation of 〓H-TdR and active reaction of Acid α-Naphthyl Acetate Esterase indicated that there were T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of grass carp, but only T lymphocyte and no B lymphocyte in the thymus of grass carp. It was justified that the T lymphocytes in peripheral blood was originated from the thymus, and B lymphocyte could be from the spleen and anterior kidney of grass carp.

运用〓H-TdR掺入法和酸性醋酸萘酯酶活性检测法分别研究了草鱼外周血以及免疫器官中的淋巴细胞对PHA和SPA的免疫应答以及化学标志特征，发现草鱼外周血中存在着类似于哺乳动物的T、B两类不同的淋巴细胞亚群；同时也发现胸腺中只有T淋巴细胞，而无B淋巴细胞，提示了胸腺中淋巴细胞可能是外周血中T细胞的来源，而B淋巴细胞可能来自脾脏或前肾。

Compared with classical cytotoxic T lymphocytes , NK cells are superior in the following aspects: NK cells are among the first cell types to be activated after intracellular pathogen stimuli, the activity of NK cells peaked between 1 to 3 days, retained during the first 7-10 days, and the T cells response emerged only after 7 days when the NK cell responses begin to decline; though comprising of only 10％-15％ of peripheral lymphocytes, NK cells mobilize most of the cell populations in a strong and high level response to different invasions, and act as key factors at early defense before a specific immune response could mount, while only certain clones were involved in T cell response; NK cells kill virus-infected or malignant transformed cells without pre-sensitization and without restriction by major histocompatibility antigen, which is usually a mechanism of immune escape to T cell recognition by virus-infected or tumor cells, thus NK cell in complementary with T cells play crucial roles in tumor and virus eradication.

NK细胞以其强大的细胞毒活性为特征，与细胞毒性T细胞相比，NK细胞具有如下特点：NK细胞虽然只占外周血淋巴细胞的10-15％，但是对刺激性因素产生应答的过程十分迅速，一次可以调动大多数细胞共同参与，而不是几个克隆的活化，免疫应答的强度高；病毒感染或恶性转化细胞的一个主要特征是细胞表达的MHCⅠ类分子下降或消失，并借助这一机制逃避特异性T细胞应答的识别，NK细胞介导的杀伤活性无需抗原刺激，不受MHCⅠ分子表达的限制，从而与T细胞应答互为补充发挥免疫防御的功能；NK细胞的免疫活性可以被多种细胞因子上调，其中IFNα，IL-2，IL-12，IL-15和IL-18具备更强的作用；NK细胞具有强大的细胞因子分泌功能，对于启动T细胞特异性应答必不可少。

The results show that the T and B lymphopoiesis induced by ConA and LPS respectively were evidently promoted by astrglan and astragalin with determinate magnetization parameters. The best magnetization parameters for T and B lymphopoiesis are different.

结果表明，在一定磁场处理条件下，对ConA诱导的鸡T淋巴细胞增殖和LPS诱导的鸡B淋巴细胞增殖有显著促进作用；T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞增殖反应的最优磁化条件不同。

QS-21, an acylated bidesmosidic triterpenoid saponin isolated byKensil et al in 1992 from the South American tree, Quillaja Saponaria Molina, is a potentimmunological adjuvant It has been shown highly effective in inducing CTL and antigen-specificantibody responses to exogenously added antigens and enhancing both humoral and cell-mediatedimmune responses.

QS-2l是1992年由美国化学家Kensil等人从蔷薇科植物QuillajaSaponria Molina中分离得到的一种带脂肪链的双糖链三萜皂甙，具有极强的免疫辅助活性，能有效诱导外加抗原的胞毒T淋巴细胞的响应及抗原专一性抗体的产生，并能增强细胞的免疫反应。

The sry-gene chimerism of bone marrows, spleen and thymus of the receiptor, T-lymphocyte subpopulation of peripheral blood cells, ConA and LPS induced T and B cells proliferation activity tests, Mixed lymphocyte reaction between the donor and the receiptor and the third part, the incidence rate of GVHD and survival analysis were observed in mice after 8Gy TBI with MSCs and haplo-BMT treatment together.

通过观察半相合BMT联合MSCs治疗致死剂量照射小鼠后不同时间骨髓、胸腺和脾脏中供者细胞植入，外周血中的淋巴细胞亚群，ConA和LPS刺激的T、B淋巴细胞增殖，供受者及第三者混合淋巴细胞反应，急、慢性GVHD的发生率和生存分析，提示MSCs促进骨髓干细胞植入，加快T淋巴细胞增殖，促进体液免疫恢复，通过供受者免疫耐受，减少GVHD发生率，提高半相合BMT动物生存率。

When the NP concentration exceeds 0.025 mg/L, the stability of DNA strands in shellfish will be affected and there will be a risk of carcinogenesis, mutagenesis and teratogenesis. Human health will also be affected due to seafood consumption. On the other hand, the DNA damage level and migration length show some difference among shellfish, oyster and clam exposed to the same nonylphenol concentration. This is because different shellfish species have different immunity to NP.

数据分析结果同时表明，在相同浓度的壬基酚处理组中，扇贝、牡蛎和文蛤血淋巴细胞的破坏率和迁移长度存在种间差异，这可能是由于这三种贝类对NP的免疫程度不同所致，但关于海洋生物对外界干扰因素存在不同免疫力的具体机制以及它们之间的差别，目前国内外的研究还不多见，具体研究还有待进一步的开展。

CD8~+ cell is the main T lymphocyte subset in spleen, and B lymphocyte mainly is IgG~+ cell, moreover the amount of these B lymphocytes could exceed CD3~+ T lymphocyte subset after 7 days. CD8~+ cell is the main T lymphocyte subset in tonsil of appendix, and B lymphocyte is IgM~+ cell, and the amount could exceed CD3~+ T lymphocytes after 35 days. After 21 days, B lymphocytes in esophago tonsil are the main IgA~+ cells and the amount exceeds CD3~+ lymphocytes. The amount of CD4~+ lymphocytes is more than CD8+ lymphocytes.4. CD3~+、CD4~+ and CD8~+ T lymphocytes in spleen mainly distribute in periarterial lymphoid sheath. However IgM~+、IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells mainly distribute in ellipsoid periarterial lymphoid sheath and germinal center. T lymphocytes in appendix tonsil mainly distribute in middle and inferior part of mucous and the B lymphocytes mainly in middle and mucous between 4~7 days. Whereafter T, B lymphocytes equably distribute in mucous. CD4~+ cells arrange tightly and mainly occupy the central part in aggregates of T lymphocytes in esophago tonsil and CD8~+ lymphocytes mainly distribute in periphery. Meanwhile B lymphocytes encircle the periphery of aggregates of T lymphocytes. The aggregates of B lymphocytes is mainly the germinal center with lots of IgM~+、IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells. Meanwihle T lymphocytes encircle the periphery of aggregates of B lymphocytes.5. There is an intimate relationship between the development of tissue structure of peripheral immune organs and lymphcytopoiesis. The maturation of tissue structure is stimulated by the immigration of lymphocytes and the mature tissue structure provides place where lymphocytes grow mature and functionate.

脾脏在21日龄时达到稳定，食管扁桃体和盲肠扁桃体均在35日龄时达到稳定；脾脏中T淋巴细胞亚群以CD8~+细胞为主，B淋巴细胞则以IgG~+细胞为主，并在7日龄后数量超过CD3~+T淋巴细胞；盲肠扁桃体中T淋巴细胞亚群以CD8~+细胞为主，B淋巴细胞以IgM~+细胞为主，并在35日龄后数量超过CD3~+T淋巴细胞；21日龄后，食管扁桃体中B淋巴细胞以IgA~+细胞为主，数量超过CD3~+细胞，CD4~+细胞的数量多于CD8~+细胞。4、在T、B淋巴细胞组织定位方面，脾脏中CD3~+、CD4~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞主要分布在动脉周围淋巴鞘中，而IgM~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞主要分布在椭球周围淋巴鞘和生发中心中；4～7日龄时，盲肠扁桃体中T淋巴细胞主要分布在粘膜固有层的中下部区域，而B淋巴细胞则主要分布在中上部区域，随后各日龄T、B淋巴细胞均匀地分布在粘膜固有层中；在食管扁桃体的T淋巴细胞聚集物中，CD4~+细胞紧密排列，主要占据中央部位，CD8~+细胞主要散布在外周，同时B淋巴细胞又环绕在整个T淋巴细胞聚集物的外周；B淋巴细胞聚集物主要为生发中心，其中存在大量IgM~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞，同时T淋巴细胞又环绕在整个B淋巴细胞聚集物的外周。5、外周免疫器官的组织结构发育和淋巴细胞发生之间存在密切的关系，淋巴细胞迁入淋巴器官刺激组织结构的发育成熟，同时成熟的组织结构又为淋巴细胞发育成熟并行使功能活动提供场所。

CD1a and CD83 molecules could also be expressed on the surface of CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD19+ B lymphocytes. The expression levels of CD1a and CD83 in activated lymphocytes were higher than those in the unactivated lymphocytes, and higher in B lymphocytes than in T lymphocytes.

结果该细胞表达特征性分子CD1a、CD40、CD80、CD83、CD86， CD1a 、CD83在CD3+T、CD19+B淋巴细胞上也表达，在激活的淋巴细胞上表达水平高于未激活的淋巴细胞，而且B淋巴细胞上的表达水平高于T淋巴细胞。

There were both T and B lymphocytes infiltration in the tumor microenvironment of the three kinds of tumors, but most of TILs were Tlymphocytes in which CD8~+T cells were the main lymphocytes. Therewere scarce NK cells infiltration in the three kinds of tumors. 2. The distribution of TILs in the three kinds of tumors was different.

三种肿瘤组织中TILs的分布不同：伴较多淋巴细胞浸润的IMPC中，TILs以间质浸润淋巴细胞为主；而MC和AMC中，TILs以癌巢间浸润淋巴细胞(intraepithelial组)为主，更有利于淋巴细胞充分发挥其抗肿瘤效应。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。