液晶

Work in liquid crystal display, backlight lamp light sent through the LCD screen, the LCD screen display the contents of the images come into people's eyes the situation, then we can see the LCD display text and images.

在液晶显示器工作时，背光灯发出的光线穿过液晶屏，把液晶屏显示的图像内容映入人的眼情，这时我们才能看到液晶显示器显示的文字和图像。

In order to lower the Δn value and obtain broad mesophase range, new negative dielectrics anisotropy liquid crystal compounds 4a and 4b were designed by replacement a phenyl ring with a cyclohexyl ring in the common tolane liquid crystals.

为降低液晶分子的双折射率并获得宽液晶相区，用环己基替代传统二苯乙炔液晶分子中的一个苯环，得到一类结构新颖的含乙炔桥键的负介电各向异性液晶分子4a， 4b。

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保护您的手机的液晶显示屏对灰尘和划痕，消除眩光专为完美配合液晶屏幕提供坚韧，耐久，透明的表面，同时保持液晶屏幕清洁和刮痕使节顺利与自我坚持表面；留下任何残留物时，删除功能99％紫外线防护：减少眼睛疲劳引起的液晶屏幕防划伤薄膜：最厚，最持久的99％，透明：无与伦比的清晰可清洗和重复使用：永远不需要再购买另一屏幕保护有机矽粘合剂涂料：无残留胶时取消超光滑表面：加强经验和利用触摸屏和手写笔功能，包括可重复使用的屏幕保护林特免费清洁布配件只。

At present, since fluorobenzene liquid crystal and cyclohexyl crystal are very popular liquid crystals. some research have done on the synthesis of the intermediate, fluorophenol and alkylcyclohexylbenzene compounds in this thesis.

本论文的主要内容分为两部分：第一部分，针对目前液晶材料研究的热点：含氟液晶和环己烷类液晶，就其液晶材料中间体氟代苯酚和烷基环己基苯类化合物的合成进行研究。

The UV and IR spectroscopic studies of the monomer films showed that the photoreaction ratio of monomer (about 50%) was higher than the corresponding photosensitive polymer (about 10%, PVCi). The polarized IR spectra proved that obvious anisotropic absorption was displayed in the irradiated photosensitive film. With polarizing microscopy method, we found that these kinds of photoalignment films exhibited good alignment ability, and the stability of the photoalignment film could reach about 100℃. 2 A photosensitive self-assembled monolayer was fabricated that contained photo-cycloadditable groups, such as, coumarin and cinnamate. The reaction process were detected by contact angle method because the IR absorption of monolayer was very weak. The photosensitive self-assembled monolayer promote uniform alignment of nematic liquid crystals by LPUV, and it thermal stability could reach about 130℃. 3 A cationic bolaform amphiphiles was synthesized that had two photosensitive double bonds, and can be polymerized by ultraviolet. A layer-by-layer self-assembled deposition film was prepared in aqueous solution by using this material and poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). The UV-Vis. spectra proved that the multilayers film was uniform and layer-by-layer. When LPUV irradiated the film, the photopolymerizable double bond underwent [2+2] cycloaddition, and the production of the reaction distributed along the polarized direction of incident LPUV. Polarized UV-Vis. spectra indicated that the irradiated self-assembled multiplayer film was anisotropic, and the dichromic ration is about 0.09, it is higher than the spin-coating method of photosensitive polymer or monomer. We used this anisotropic film as alignment layer of nematic liquid crystals, and obtained a uniform and stability alignment result, the static contrast ratio is about 100, which is very close to application of liquid crystal device. This thesis is an instance that the photochemical material was used in the physics region of liquid crystals, the route that was from photosensitive monomer, self-assembled monolayer film to self-assembled multiplayer film was undergone, by this logical research method photoailgnment of liquid crystal was extended and consummated.

围绕上述思路开展了如下工作：1合成了三种可进行光二聚反应的光敏小分子单体，LPUV 辐照制作了光控取向膜；用紫外-可见光谱法和红外光谱法分析了薄膜中的光化学反应，发现小分子的光反应程度可达到50%以上，至少比光敏高分子高出5倍；薄膜的偏振红外光谱证实，经过LPUV 辐照后薄膜出现了明显的各向异性；将小分子光控取向膜制成液晶器件，在偏光显微镜下观察看到均匀一致的液晶取向；并且热稳定性达到100℃左右，接近实用化要求。2制备了含肉桂酸、香豆素基团的自组装单层膜；采用接触角的方法监测自组装反应的动力学过程；紫外-可见光谱证实了自组装单层膜在石英基板表面形成；自组装单层膜经LPUV 辐照后能诱导液晶均匀取向，而且热稳定性可达130℃，热稳定性进一步提高。3合成了含有光敏双键的双季铵盐，在水溶液状态下将它和聚乙烯基苯磺酸钠沉积生成layer-by-layer 自组装多层膜，紫外-可见光谱证实这是一个逐层均匀的沉积；在LPUV 照射下，自组装膜中的光敏双键按照偏振方向发生[2+2]环加成反应，形成取向膜，用二向色性值评价的分子取向度高于高分子及小分子光控取向膜的水平；实验证明用自组装多层膜制成的液晶器件亮暗态均匀，静态对比度约为100，达到实用化器件的水平。

According to electrooptical properties of nematic liquid crystal , two types of liquid crystal are used as scattering materials to carry out the experimental study of the partial coherence light source designed for EFISI.

利用向列液晶的电光特性，选用两种液晶盒作为散射体，完成了液晶散射法产生部分相干源的原理性实验，得出液晶散射光能量透过率、均匀性及相干性与外加电场的关系。

However, the reason that LCD can't fully take the place of the tube is mainly on the performance of color and motion image. Though LCD can greatly improve the Color Saturation up to NTSC 105%, LCD is limited on reaction time and continue LCD light source, which create image shape shadows while the image moves due to photogene.

而液晶显示器目前无法完全取代映像管的地方就在於色彩及动态影像的表现，虽然发光二极体已可大大改善色彩饱和度到达NTSC 105%，但液晶显示器受限於液晶的反应时间及液晶显示光源表现为持续方式，使在动态影像表现上因人眼的视觉停留的因素导致影像移动的边界上产生阴影。

The results showed that PPC was a thermotropic liquid crystal and displayed the cholesteric banded texture. The reaction conditions had the distinct effects on the propoxy content and liquid crystal property of PPC, with the reaction temperature and content of propionyl chloride increased, the degree of substitution of propoxy increased at the beginning, then trended to steady. The transition temperature and range of liquid crystalline phase were changed with the DS of propoxy, as the DS of propoxy increased, the melt point decreased, and the liquid crystalline phase transition temperature range of PPC get wider.

结果表明，产物PPC具有明显的热致液晶性能，且呈现出胆甾型液晶的彩色条纹织构；反应条件对产物丙酰基含量和液晶性能有显著影响，随反应温度提高和丙酰氯用量增加，产物丙酰基的取代度先增大，后趋于稳定；其相转变温度和温域随丙酰基取代度改变而相应变化，随丙酰基的取代度增大，产物的熔点降低，液晶温度范围变宽。

There are very wide smectic C or chiral smectic C liquid crystal phase ranges in the PBM series compounds, but narrow phase ranges in the PMB series where the α-methyl is in the central part of the molecular chain.

甲基联苯酯类液晶是近十年兴起的铁电液晶材料[6] ，由于α甲基的位阻作用，使这类液晶材料不仅具有较低温度的手性近晶相态，而且在液晶相态时分子旋转粘度小，响

The liquid crystal display has a chiral ferroelectric smectic liquid crystal between two transparent plates with electrodes for generating an electric field, and polarisers in front of and behind the liquid crystal, the ratio d/p of the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer to the pitch p of the helical twisting being larger than 5, the smectic tilt angle theta 0 being between 22.5 DEG and 50 DEG , and the product d.

一种液晶显示单元，它具有：一种在两块透明平板之间的手性铁电近晶液晶；用于产生电场的电极；在液晶前后各有一偏振片，液晶层的厚度d与螺距扭曲的螺距高度p的比值d／p大于5，近晶倾角θ 0 为22.5～50°，厚度d、倾角θ 0 的平方、双折射率△n和光波长λ倒数的乘积dθ 2 0 △n1/λ大于0.45μm。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。