液体的

Nsted acid ionic liquids were inactive for the alkylation of isobutane with butene.In contrast,the chloroaluminate ioni c liquids were very active for the alkylation.However,the qualities of the alkylate oils using chloroaluminate ionic liquids were unsatisfied and worse than that of the products in the industrial sulfuric acid process obviously.

发现：所制备Bronsted酸离子液体无催化烷基化反应活性；而氯铝酸离子液体则具有很高的催化烷基化反应活性，但所得烷基化油质量较差，明显低于工业硫酸法水平。

Benzoin condensation reaction of benzaldehyde using simple imidazolium based ionic liquids as catalyst has been successfully achieved. The reaction factors such as solvent, base and ionic liquids have been studied in detail.

成功地实现了简单咪唑基离子液体对苯甲醛自缩合成苯偶姻的催化反应，以及详细探讨了溶剂、碱、离子液体种类及用量等各种影响因素。

This study is to give a solution for the estimation of flash point for mixtures, the necessity for classification of flammable liquids. The traditional models for predicting flash point of mixtures usually by the activity coefficient approach. However, the parameters of activity coefficient were regressed from phase equilibrium data in the literatures. If there is no such parameter in literatures for the desired mixture, the model cannot predict the flash point oft hat mixture. Thus, this research aims at the improvement of deficiency of the flash point prediction models in the literatures by useing UNIFAC (Universal Quasi-chemical Functional Group Activity Coefficient) equation, Dortmund-UNIFAC equation and Lyngby-UNIFAC equation. In this study, we were aim at the prediction model for miscible mixtures.From the result, it is suggested to use different type of UNIFAC equation to estimast activivity coefficient in the predition of flash point for different mixture type.

易燃液体分类的主要依据参数为闪火点值，因此本研究目的为解决易燃液体中混合物分类时所面临到的闪火点值缺乏的问题，而在过去文献中所提出的闪火点预测模式会使用到活性系数，但这些模式使用到的活性系数均需要相平衡的数据以回归其所需参数，若所欲估算闪火点的混合溶液文献上未有相关参数，则无法有效利用闪火点预测模式估算其闪火点，因此针对文献中现有闪火点预测模式的缺点，利用描述液体混合物活性系数UNIFAC (Universal Quasi-chemical Functional Group Activity Coefficient)方程式、Dortmund-UNIFAC方程式和 Lyngby-UNIFAC方程式，建立发展一闪火点预测模式，而本研究以互溶溶液为对象。

The results show that the decalescence of catalyst bed affects the process of hydrogen peroxide catalytic decomposition greatly. If the catalyst bed is preheated or made up of materials with low thermal conductivity, that influence can be depressed. At the same time, the response characteristic of catalyst bed and the efficiency of catalytic decomposition can be improved. The low frequency pressure instability of catalyst bed occurs because of the coupling of catalytic decomposition and supplying. The decomposition plane pushes all the way through the catalyst bed during pressure oscillations, causing unreacted liquid hydrogen peroxide to be exhausted from the bed and leading to the appearance of liquid hydrogen peroxide channeling. Consequently, how to prevent or at least limit this channeling is the key to eliminate the pressure instability of catalyst bed. It was found that adding clapboard to the catalyst bed can depress the pressure instability efficiently.

结果表明催化剂床及催化剂的吸热对过氧化氢分解过程影响很大，对催化剂床进行预热或采用热导率低的材料制造催化剂床等措施，可以降低催化剂床壁面吸热对催化分解过程的影响，提高催化剂床的响应特性和催化分解效率；催化剂床的低频不稳定是催化分解过程与供应系统耦合产生的，催化剂床气体界面的波动过程中，液体过氧化氢穿透催化剂床形成过氧化氢液体通道，过氧化氢液体通道的产生和扩大是催化剂床不稳定的主要原因，也是消除催化剂床不稳定的关键，试验中在催化剂床内加入分流板成功地抑制了催化剂床的低频不稳定。

It uses the rheological characteristics of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool to finish surface of parts. It has typical fluidness when there is no external magnetic field around it. But when a strong magnetic field is applied, the viscosity of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool will increase quickly, and it will show the characteristics that resemble to solid.

该技术是利用液体磁性磨具的流变特性来实现对零件表面光整加工的，液体磁性磨具在没有外部磁场的情况下表现为一般的流体状态，具有良好的流动性，而一旦施加外部磁场它的粘度会迅速增加，表现出类似固体的特性，这就是液体磁性磨具的流变性。

Some of the liquid spills out through the capillary constantly with the rise of the temperature of the content. Wipe away the overflown liquid with a piece of filter paper at any time until the fluid does not overflow anymore. Remove the pycnometer from the water bath rapidly. Proceed as described under method (1), starting from the words "clean off any material on the outside with a piece of filter paper…".

取洁净、干燥并精密称定重量的比重瓶，装满供试品（温度应低于20°C或各品种项下规定的温度）后，插入中心有毛细孔的瓶塞，用滤纸将从塞孔溢出的液体擦干，置20°C（或各品种项下规定的温度）恒温水浴中，放置若干分钟，随着供试液温度的上升，过多的液体将不断从塞孔溢出，随时用滤纸将瓶塞顶端擦干，待液体不再由塞孔溢出，迅即将比重瓶自水浴中取出，照上述（1）法，自"再用滤纸将比重瓶的外面擦净"起，依法测定，即得。

Some of the liquid spills out through the capillary constantly with the rise of the temperature of the content. Wipe away the overflown liquid with a piece of filter paper at any time until the fluid does not overflow anymore. Remove the pycnometer from the water bath rapidly. Proceed as described under method (1), starting from the words "clean off any material on the outside with a piece of filter paper…".

取洁净、干燥并精密称定重量的比重瓶，装满供试品（温度应低于20°C或各品种项下规定的温度）后，插入中心有毛细孔的瓶塞，用滤纸将从塞孔溢出的液体擦干，置20°C（或各品种项下规定的温度）恒温水浴中，放置若干分钟，随着供试液温度的上升，过多的液体将不断从塞孔溢出，随时用滤纸将瓶塞顶端擦干，待液体不再由塞孔溢出，迅即将比重瓶自水浴中取出，照上述（1）法，自&再用滤纸将比重瓶的外面擦净&起，依法测定，即得。

So, the purpose of the subject is to predict the density and the range of the vapor spread, the influential area timely, fast, effetely, ocular and to formulate the relate rescue measures according to it, to wish to provide the reference in order to control and handle the leakage accidents of the combustible liquids during the road transportation.

因此，本课题的研究目的就是在易燃液体在公路运输过程中发生泄漏事故后，能及时、迅速、有效、直观地对易燃液体蒸气在大气中的扩散浓度、扩散范围、影响区域做出预测并以此为依据制定相应的应急措施，希望能为公路运输易燃液体泄漏事故的控制和处理提供一点参考。

In this thesis, the submerged fermentation and solid-state fermentation of Coriolus versicolor laccase, the enzymatic characterization, and the application of laccase in indigo and gold orange Ⅱ decolorization was investigated. The major results were as follows:The laccase production by Coriolus versicolor was performed in submerged fermentation, using corn husk as carbon source and carbamide, ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source.

本文对Coriolus versicolor漆酶的液体发酵和固态发酵进行了研究，并且对Coriolusversicolor漆酶的酶学性质及其在靛蓝、金橙Ⅱ脱色降解方面的应用进行了探讨，其研究成果如下：对Coriolus versicolor漆酶的液体发酵工艺参数进行了优化，结果表明，以玉米皮为碳源，尿素和硫酸铵为氮源，利用Coriolus versicolor液体发酵产漆酶时，C／N以20为宜。

First, this paper reports measurements of surface tension of ionic liquid EMIES (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate) using the forced bubble method at 278.15 to 323.15 K and densities of EMIES using Westphal balance at 278.15 to

为此，本文以廉价工业原料合成的硫酸乙酯—1—甲基—3—乙基咪唑EMIES和对水、空气都稳定的离子液体BMIBF_4为主要对象，使用密度法和最大气泡法等实验方法对这两种离子液体及其EMIES的水溶液的性质作了如下研究工作：在278.15—338.15K范围内用Westphal天平测定了EMIES和BMIBF_4的密度，用最大气泡法测定了纯离子液体EMIES和BMIB_4的表面张力。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。