液体的

The development and application of the ionic liquids in the electrodeposition of scattered metals and their alloys were summarized.

介绍了离子液体的基本性质，总结了对近些年来离子液体在电沉积镓、铟、铊、锗、硒、碲和钛等稀散金属及其合金半导体方面的应用，提出了离子液体在金属电沉积应用中存在的一些问题及解决办法。

Hydrostatics researches the mechanical rules when liquid is balancing. Hydrodynamics researches the mechanical rules when liquid is moving, include the relationship between the force that put on in liquid and quantum of physics, which represent liquid moving style, the rule of liquid moving characteristic and energy conservation and transform.

水静力学是研究液体处于平衡状态时的力学规律，水动力学是研究液体处于运动状态时，作用于液体上的力与表征运动状态的各种物理量之间的关系，以及液体的运动特性与能量守恒和转换的规律。

The differences in the solubility of β-cyclodextrin in the ionic liquids have been discussed from the interionic interaction between cation and anion of the ionic liquids and the inclusion interaction of the cations of the ionic liquids into the cavity of β-cyclodextrin.

结果表明，β-CD与离子液体的阳离子形成了1：1的包合物，并根据离子液体阴阳离子间的相互作用和β-CD与离子液体阳离子的包合作用，讨论了β-CD在不同离子液体中溶解度差异的原因。

Because of their unique properties, it is considered that ionic liquid would be one of potential cleaner solvent.

由于离子液体特殊的性质，人们认为它是一种潜在的清洁溶剂。在原有室温离子液体研究基础上，人们提出了功能性离子液体的概念。

The correlation between liquid fragility of alloys and micro/maro -properties in liquids or their corresponding solids, as well as the correlation between liquid fragility and potential energy landscape, is of great significance for understanding the nature of liquid fragility and the relationship between thermodynamics and dynamics,.

研究金属液体的脆性性质与液体中微观或固体中宏观性质的联系以及研究其液体的脆性与能量图谱的联系，对于揭示液体脆性的本质、热力学与动力学性质相关性问题以及能量图谱的量化工作具有深远的意义。

The change of the flash point of the mixed trivalent alcohol and the mixed trivalent ether and the mixed alcohol -ether has been studied in this paper by the open crucible flash point mensural apparatus,the experiential formula in fixed condition are projected,and the change regularity of the flash point of the mixed liquid are figured in this paper.

利用开杯闪点测定仪对三元醇类混合、三元醚类混合、醇醚混合等不同情况下混合液体的闪点变化进行了实验研究，推算出了三元混合液体在规定实验条件下闪点变化的经验公式，并用图示法分析了混合液体闪点随配比的变化规律。

Considerable attention has really been focused on ionic liquids as "green" alternatives to classical environmentally damaging organic solvents in many fields such as in organosynthesis, material, catalysis, electrochemistry, biochemistry, physicochemistry, separation and so on. However, there have been only a few examples of chiral ILs have been reported so far, and ILs possessing chirality are having been synthesized aimed at application in asymmetric catalytic reaction.

离子液体在许多领域如电化学、有机合成、催化、生物化学、物理化学、材料及分离等的绿色替代溶剂技术引起了人们的重视，然而，有关手性离子液体的合成与应用的报道比较少，含有手性片段的离子液体不断被合成出来并期望在不对称催化反应中得到应用，但是成功的例子不多，使用手性离子液体在不对称催化反应中还在初始的探索阶段。

To economize cost of S03H-functionalized ionic liquids,extend their range of application in chemistry reaction,fifteen of ionic liquids have been synthesized by using methylimidazole,tri-alkylamine,pyridine with industrial materials 1,4-butane-sultone and 1,3-propane sultone as source in this paper.The ionic liquids were synthesized by tri-alkylamine have not been reported and yields are higher than 98%.

为了降低SO_3H-功能化离子液体的成本，使其应用范围更加广泛，本论文利用N-甲基咪唑、三烷基胺、吡啶和廉价工业级原料1，3-丙烷磺内酯、1，4-丁烷磺内酯为原料来源，合成十五种SO_3H-功能化离子液体，三甲胺为原料合成的SO_3H-功能化离子液体还未见文献报道，收率大于98%。

In order to improve the catalytic performances of the chloroaluminate, some organic chemicals with strong electron-donating capacity,such as benzene,alkylbenzene,thioalcohol and thiophene,were introduced into the ionic liquids to modify the ionic liquids.

为改善氯铝酸离子液体的催化性能，向氯铝酸离子液体中引入微量具有供电子能力的苯，烷基苯，硫醇，噻吩等助剂，对离子液体进行改性。

Such formulas could not only be used to calculate the volume or weight of the remaining liquid based on its height, but also be used to draw height staff gauge to illustrate the volume or weight of the remaining liquid in the petrochemical container.

介绍了石油化工容器内存留液体体积与液位高度函数关系的 1 6个基本公式，可以根据存留液体的液位高度计算出容器内液体的体积或质量，也可以用于绘制表示容器内存留液体体积或质量的高度标

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。