涉及到

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

The bulk of Chinese investment in Africa is related to oil, concentrated in Angola, Sudan and Nigeria.

中国在非洲大部分的投资均涉及到石油，集中在安哥拉、苏丹和尼日利亚等国。

The calculations show that the approximation for the birefringence and the rotatory property of interaction material leads to an error in the optimum incident angle for TeO2 more than 10%, a diviation in fa-λ0 relation from experiment results, and make the spectral resolution and angular aperture of the device to be degrade.

结果指出，在该波长下，对晶体双折射取近似表达式和不计入晶体的旋光特性，对光波最佳入射角θi的选取(在θi小于60°的范围内)，将引入大于10%的误差，这个误差由于涉及到是否满足动量匹配条件，因此会对器件的性能有直接的影响。

Anjou Dynasty, an important period in the history of English constitution, involved in the generation and initial development of Parliament, has attracted many scholars.

安茹王朝是英国宪政史上的重要时期，因涉及到议会产生与初步发展等重大问题而吸引了众多学者。

And she wrote a book that many people in China were taken by called " Bead on an Anthill: Lakota Childhood ", it's about growing up indigenous in the modern age.

书中也涉及到了很多中国人的习俗。

Several problems are involved: the debate about anthropocentrism and ecocentrism, the historical review of the relation between human and nature, the current relation between human and nature.

具体涉及到了人类中心主义和生态中心主义的争论；人与自然关系的历史考察；人与自然关系的当代特征等内容。

The first concern is obvious: no one wants foreign states, especially those which might be anti-Western, acquiring Western companies that have anything to do with national security or advanced technology.

第一个关注点是显而易见的：西方国家没有人愿意外国，尤其那些多半反对西方意识形态的国家，获得他们那些涉及到国家安全或先进技术的公司。

The scientists at the Centers for Disease Control also noted that 20 to 30 percent of all Salmonella poisonings involve antibiotic-resistant strains.

疾病控制中心的科学家们还发现20%~30%的沙门氏菌中毒涉及到抗生素抗性菌株。

They come down to all aspects of freedom. They are antichrist thoughts.

这三个诱惑涉及到自由的各个方面，是以宗教大法官为代表的敌基督思想。

In the antimonopoly law, we must definite of the relevant market to control action of monopoly and restrict competition.

在反垄断法中，对各种垄断和限制竞争行为的规制，都涉及到相关市场的界定。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。