消极抵抗

The first thing you think when you think civil disobedience is what?

你听到消极抵抗的时候第一个想到的是什么？

Civil disobedience is a moral weapon in the fight for justice.

"|"消极抵抗是维护公正的道德武器，

Gandhi objected to "passive resistance" as a translation of Satyagraha: in Gujarati, it seems, the word means "firmness in the truth."

甘地反对把Satyagraha译成"消极抵抗"：好象在古吉拉特语里，词义是"坚持真理"。

Fiske drawed a analogy between modern mass media and the bard of Middle Ages, then, pointed out that mass media has a function which moulds collective culture. Under the influence of Gramscis's theory of """" hegemony"""", he thinks that media text is open space with diverse meaning and regards media text as popular producerly text through using the concept of """"open/ciosed"""" text of Eco and """"writerly/readerly"""" text of Barthes. On the basis of inheriting the theory of """"encoding and decoding"""" of Hall, he also absorbs the theory of """"resisting"""" of Decerteacc. Then, he thinks that audience don't simply passively absorb while contacting media, but have a kind of strong positive initiative, can """"produce"""" and """"consume"""" the meaning from the text according to their own demand.

费斯克将现代的大众传媒与中世纪的&吟游诗人&进行类比，指出大众传媒具有塑造集体文化的功能；在葛兰西文化霸权理论的影响下，他将媒介文本视为一个意义开放的空间，并借鉴艾科的&开放式／封闭式&文本及巴特的&作者式／读者式&文本概念，进一步将媒介文本界定为一种&大众的生产者式文本&；他在继承霍尔编码／解码理论的基础上，又吸收了德塞图的&抵抗理论&，认为受众在接触媒介时不是一味消极被动的&吸收&，而是具有一种强烈的积极主动性，能够按照自己的需求从文本中&生产&和&消费&意义。

Gandhi objected to "passive resistance" as a translation of Satyagraha: in Gujarati, it seems, the word means "firmness in the truth."

甘地反对把Satyagraha译成&消极抵抗&：好象在古吉拉特语里，词义是&坚持真理&。

Without going into personal opinions and discussions about 'passive resistance' and all that, I was most struck by and remember most vividly one aspect of his life that, to me, will forever change my view of existence.

撇开个人的看法和讨论关于'消极抵抗'的一切，我印象最深刻和最记得的一个方面，他的生活，对我来说，将永远改变我的看法存在。

However, the modernization in Shandong's coastal areas was based on the Treaty System, and the local people's passive resistance obstructed or delayed, to some extent, the further development of modernization.

然而，由于山东沿海的早期现代化建立在条约制度的基础之上，国人的消极抵抗又在一定程度上延缓或阻碍了现代化的深入发展。

A reformer who believes in passive resistance.

确信消极抵抗的改革者。

The Sadducees were inclined to collaborate with the Romans; the Pharisees advocated passive resistance but sought to avoid open war.

该撒都该人倾向与入乡随俗；法利主张消极抵抗，但他要求，以避免公开战争。

In the ordinary way, his gentle passive resistance would have made her say something which he could have used to bring about a favourable turn in the situation.

依照向来的习惯，他这无声的温柔的抗议，可以引出林佩珊的几句话，因而事情便往往就有转圜的可能性。进行消极抵抗。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。