浸水

The results showed that the optimum conditions of Opuntia polysaccharides extraction were as follows: the ratio of water to material of 5.5:1, extraction temperature of 75℃ and extraction time of 2.2h, under such condition the extraction rate could be up to 0.82% at one-time extraction.

在分析各个因素的显著性和交互作用后，得出仙人掌多糖水浸提的最佳工艺条件为：水料比5.5：1，浸提温度75℃，浸提时间2.2h；浸提1次，仙人掌多糖的实际提取率可达0.81%，比单因素实验最高提取率高出5.8%。

On the basis of the previous results and according to the central composite experimental design principles,the method of response surface method with 3 factors and 3 levels was adopted.then the factors influencing the technological parameters were determined by means of regression analysis.response surface and contour were finally graphed with the extraction rate as the response value.resultsthe optimum conditions of lycium barbarum polysaccharides extraction were as follows:the ratio of material to solvent of 1∶32,extraction temperature of 84℃ and extraction time of 2.3 h,one time extraction.conclusionthe yield of lycium barbarum polysaccharides is 11.10% under the optimum conditions.

方法在单因素实验基础上选取实验因素与水平，根据中心组合（box-benhnken）实验设计原理采用3因素水平的响应面分析法，依据回归分析确定各工艺条件的影响因子，以多糖提取率为响应值作响应面和等高线。结果在分析各个因素的显著性和交互作用后，得出枸杞多糖水浸提的最佳工艺条件为：料液比1∶32；浸提温度84℃；浸提时间2.3h；浸提1次。结论在最佳工艺条件下，枸杞多糖的实际提取率可达11.10%。

ML^(-1);(2) The allelopathic effects of the leaves and inflorescences of Solidago canadensis on these three crops are strong than those from the stems;(3) Among these three crop species, the seed of Brassica chinensis var. communis is more sensitive to the water extract of Solidago canadensis than those of Capsicum annuum, Lycoperiscum esculetum.

mL^(-1)浓度处理下，甚至使作物种子失去活力；(2)加拿大一枝黄花叶和花序的水浸提液对种子萌发和生长的影响要大于其茎的浸提液；(3)在3种作物中，长梗白菜种子对加拿大一枝黄花水浸提液的敏感性最高。

The activated or leached process and their influence elements are studied by 1DREACT software package of coupled mass/heat transfer and chemical reaction dynamics of water-rock interaction, according to the geological and geochemical characters of fine disseminated gold deposits.(1) Water-rock reaction time is not the important influence element of activating gold;(2) At first, activating capability of hydrothermal solution increases with the increasing of total sulfur activity; after lga〓≥-4, the content of activated gold in solution is mainly related to original content of gold in wall rock, and does not visibly dependent on total sulfur activity.(3) It is a complicated nonlinear process of influence of activating gold capacity of hydrothermal solution with the change of temperature, in general, 220 ℃ is most favorable to gold activation.(4) The influence of oxygen fugacity on gold activation has a multiple functions coupling nonlinear effect, in general, Igfo〓=-41 is most favorable to gold activation.(5) Solubility of gold in fluid decreases with the increasing of velocity of flow, the product of velocity and aurous solubility reaches maximum when velocity is 0.2～0.5m〓m〓. yr〓, i. e. this scope of velocity is most favorable to gold activation.

利用1DREACT水-岩相互作用反应-输运耦合动力学软件包，根据微细浸染型金矿床地质地球化学特征，计算机模拟研究了金的活化、浸取过程及其影响因素，发现：(1)金活化过程中水-岩反应时间不是其主要制约因素；(2)热液对金的活化能力开始随总硫活度的增高而增高，当lg a〓≥-4后，热液中活化金的含量将主要与围岩中金的初始丰度有关，而对总硫活度无明显依赖关系；(3)温度对热液浸金能力的影响是一个复杂的非线性过程，总体而言，220℃最有利于金的活化；(4)氧逸度对金活化的影响呈现出一种多因素叠加的非线性效应，总体而言，lgfo〓＝-41最有利于金的活化与浸取；(5)流体中金的浓度随流体流速的加快而降低，流速与金浓度的乘积在流速为0.2～0.5m〓m〓。yr〓时达到极大，即0.2～0.5m〓m〓。yr〓的流速范围最有利于本类矿床的金的活化。

The method makes model of small rat gastric ulcer, go alone with the home stomach of fill of colza leach fluid gives drug, observation test group and contrast the cankerous index of mucous membrane of group of small rat stomach, discuss its to advance a law to observe the home goes alone with charcoal end to protective action; of the stomach the influence that colza water steep moves to small intestine passes experiment leaving put oneself in another's position to observe its the action; of flowing to small rat small intestine flesh observes with heating up board law the home goes alone colza water.

方法制作小鼠胃溃疡模型，以家独行菜子水浸液灌胃给药，观察实验组和对照组小鼠胃黏膜的溃疡指数，探索其对胃的保护功能；以炭末推进法观察家独行菜子水浸液对小肠运动的影响并通过离体实验观察其对小鼠小肠平滑肌的功能；以热板法观察家独行菜子水浸液对实验动物的镇痛功能。

Aqueous extract of cotton has allelopathic effect on Raphanus sativus, Brassica campestris, Lactuca indica, Brassica campestris, Echinochloa crusgall, Setaria viridis and Abutilon theophrasti and its inhibition effect gradually strengthens with increasing concentration. Aqueous extracts from stems, leaves and roots of cotton inhibit or accelerate seed germination and seedling growth, and activity of enzyme of seedling root of cotton. While aqueous extracts from stems and leaves of cotton are 0.02 gmL^(-1), root length, shoot length, lateral root number and dry weight of cotton respectively increase by 10.3%, 3.1%, 22.9% and 2.4% over the control. The above mentioned indexes are lower than the control by 34.4%, 39.2%, 40.6% and 19.0% respectively as the aqueous extracts are 0.1 gmL^(-1). At the same time, root activity and SOD activity decrease by 38.2% and 36.7%, while POD activity and MDA content increase by 52.3% and 36.5%. Growth indexes of plant receptors increase at low concentrations but decrease at high concentrations of aqueous extracts. The allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of stems and leaves is stronger than that of root.

结果表明：棉花植株水浸提液对萝卜、白菜、莴苣、油菜、稗草、狗尾草、苘麻均具有化感效应，随着作用浓度增加，抑制效应逐渐加强；棉花茎叶和根系水浸提液对棉花种子萌发、幼苗生长、幼苗根系活力、根系酶活性有抑制或促进作用，当茎叶浸提液浓度为0.02 gmL^(-1)时，棉花根长、苗高、侧根数、干重分别比对照增加10.3%、3.1%、22.9%和2.4%，当浓度为0.1 gmL^(-1)时，上述指标与对照相比分别降低34.4%、39.2%、40.6%和19.0%，而根系活力、SOD活性比对照降低38.2%、36.7%，POD活性、MDA含量较对照增加52.3%和36.5%，不同浓度棉花植株水浸提液对棉花生长呈现&低促高抑&的规律，且茎叶浸提液作用效应大于根系浸提液。

Water extraction process of Marasmius androsaceus mycelium polysaccharides was studied by means of the method of orthogonal experiment.

研究将正交试验应用于安络小皮伞菌丝体多糖水浸提工艺的探索，求得最佳水浸提工艺条件为料水比1∶15、提取温度70℃、提取时间2h、提取次数2次。

In the previous ofspicy camphor rhizospheric soil water extraction of vegetable seed germination of allelopathy effect is designed on the basis of plant water ofspicy camphor, leaching solution of experiment, the experimental design confirmed ofspicy camphor plant roots, stems and leaves of radish extraction of seed germination of all have certain effect.

在前人的香樟根际土壤水浸提液对蔬菜种子发芽具有化感作用效应的基础上，设计出香樟植株水浸提液的化感试验，该实验设计证实了香樟植株的根、茎、叶水浸提液对萝卜种子的发芽都具有一定的化感作用效应。

Results showed that different concentrations of different effects of different donor difference is bigger, the effect of specific performance: when the concentration of 0.01 g/ml, sweet camphor tree roots, leaves water leaching solution for turnip seed germination and distilled water has control of water, while the leaching solution concentration increases, the germination of seeds of promoting role in reducing.

结果表明，浸提液浓度不同，其化感效应不同，供体不同，化感效应差别也较大，具体表现为：当浓度为0.01g/ml时，香樟根、叶水浸提液对萝卜种子萌发与蒸馏水对照组相比较有化感促进作用，而当水浸提液浓度增大，对种子萌发的化感促进作用却在降低。

The condition of polysaccharides extraction from corn silk including solvent-to-sample ration, microwave power and time, temperature and time of water bath were studied by single factor experiment and orthogonal design.

采用料液质量比、微波功率、微波时间、水浴浸提温度、水浴浸提时间的单因素试验和正交试验来优化微波提取玉米须中水溶性多糖的条件。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。