海马

In the present study we transfected F-GFP into cultured hippocampal neurons at 5 days in vitro(DIV 5).Then ASICs antagonists were applied to the neuronal medium to inhibit the function of ASICs.Dendritic growth and arborization of cultured hippoeampal neuron were observed in DIV8 and DIV14. We attempted to determine whether and how ASICs regulate dendritic development.

在本研究中，我们在体外培养第五天(days in vitro，DIV5)的原代海马神经元中转染定位在膜上的GFP，随后加入ASICs拮抗剂抑制ASICs的功能，观察DIV8和DIV14这两个时间点海马神经元的树突生长、分支复杂程度，来研究酸敏感离子通道是否会影响海马神经元的树突发育。

PrimeCredit fixed-income securities researcher Chang-jun said that the hippocampus of convertible bonds for example, the early redemption Back to the provisions of -"company's share price 30 consecutive trading day, at least 20 trading days is higher than the current price of 130% Convertible hippocampus shares have the right to the face value of 103% the redemption price of non-transfected hippocampus convertible shares ", that is, the hippocampus 120 convertible price even higher than 130 yuan, the listed companies out of concern ahead of the redemption, bond investors tend to choose large-scale Convertible.

安信固定收入证券研究员长军说，例如可转换债券海马，提早赎回回的规定-"公司的股价连续30个交易日，至少有20个交易日是比当前价格高出130 ％可转换海马的股价已到了103％，票面价值的赎回价格的非转染海马兑换股票"的权利，即，海马120可兑换的价格甚至高于130元的上市公司关注提前赎回，债券投资者倾向于选择大型敞篷车。

Results By using optical microscope,the neurocytes of hippocampus in experimental group were observed to denaturalize,tumefy,destroy and disappear.And under electron microscope,the karyon was irregular,nucleoles deviated,chondriosome tumefied,crista collapsed,membrane was damaged,substance cavitated.Such changes were more evident with the increased paroxysm of epilepsy,the parameters between control group and operation group had no difference（P＞0.01）.But make a monofactorial variance analysis among cells' number,area,circumference and integral optical density in different groups,it showed that there were significant differences between optional two groups（P.01;at the same time,the more serious injury in hippocampus,the more powerful GFAP immunoreaction was.

结果： 实验组海马区光镜下可见神经细胞变性、肿胀、坏死及神经细胞脱失改变，电镜可见细胞核形态不规则、有切迹、核仁偏位、线粒体肿大、嵴断裂、膜破损和基质空化等改变，随癫痫发作次数增加上述改变越明显，对照组与手术对照组比较，各参数差异无显著性（P＞0.05），将不同组别大鼠细胞数、面积、周长、积分光密度分别作单因素方差分析，不同组别间均差异有显著性（P.01），同时观察到海马区GFAP免疫反应阳性的胶质细胞随海马损伤的加重而GFAP免疫反应增强。

Immunoprecipitation and cresyl fast violet staining were employed to detect the expression of relevant message proteins, activation and the death of the hippocampal neurons.results it was found that hpk1 was expressed in rat hippocampus neurons.conclusions administration of hpk1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides can significantly protect hippocampus neurons from apoptosis without dose-dependence.

使用免疫沉淀和焦油紫染色法等技术检测相关信号蛋白的表达、活化水平及神经元细胞的死亡。结果在大鼠海马神经元中有hpk1的表达，脑室注射as-odns大鼠海马ca1区存活锥体细胞明显增多。结论 hpk1反义寡核苷酸对缺血/再灌注引起的海马神经元凋亡具有保护作用。

Results In blank group, the hippocampal structure was clearly viewed, dense neurons with plenty cytoplasm and deep-dyed big nucleolus were observed. Neurons were lining up in order with clear border in CA3 region In model group, hippocampal structure was blurred. The number of neurons decreased greatly, and cells were lining up; rregularly with unclear border. In drug group, the hippocampal structure was clear with more neurons than model group. Neurons had plenty cytoplasm and deep-dyed big nucleolus. Cells were lining up in order with clear border.

结果 空白对照组：海马轮廓清晰，CA3区神经元细胞密集，胞浆丰富，核大深染，细胞间排列整齐，界限清楚；模型对照组：海马轮廓模糊，神经元细胞明显减少，细胞间排列松散，界限不清；药物组：海马轮廓清晰，神经元细胞明显多于模型对照组，神经元胞浆较丰富，核大深染，细胞间排列较整齐，界限清楚。

RESULTSdiabetic rats showed typical symptoms involving elevated serum glucose and weight loss (2)The rats in DM+VaD group reacted slower and made more error numbers in Y-maze than the rats in VaD group did, with a prolonged total reacting time in a whole day.(3)More neurons with serious damages, such as edema, ischemia or pyknosis could be found in DM+VaD group than in VaD group. More disarrangement of cone neurons, obvious glia proliferation, and more neuron apoptosis were found in CA area of hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS (1)2-VO in STZ-induced diabetic rats succeeded in establishing VaD animal models.(2) The cognitive dysfunction induced by VaD rats had been deteriorated by diabetes mellitus.(3)Morphology evidences proved that diabetes mellitus aggravated brain damages induced by VaD.PART II Effect of diabetes mellitus on the cholinergic nervous systemin CA1 area of hippocampus of VaDOBJECTIVE To estimate the role of cholinergic nervous system in hippocampus during the process of cognitive dysfunction aggravated by diabetes mellitus in DM+VaD group. METHODS Observe the changes of ChAT protein by immunohistochemistry stain. Chose three rats randomly from each group at each pointat two week, four week, and eight week, then sepa

经腹腔注射链脲佐菌素诱导慢性实验性糖尿病，1周后永久性结扎双侧颈总动脉(2-VO)制作VaD模型记录术后2周、4周和8周各组大鼠的体重及血糖；应用Y-迷宫检测空间定向学第二军医大学博士论文中…丈摘…要1ia；一色恤~﹁染澎糕行HE染色观察组织病理学孪叱；胶质细胞原纤维酸性蛋白protellZ，Cf冰尸标记观察星形胶质细舱的激活情况、橄声软公点娜育票票众糯黑橄居端粗默孺篇筑价井袱第二部分糖尿病对血管性痴呆大鼠海马c心区胆碱能神经系统的影响探讨海马CAI区胆碱能神经系统在糖尿病加重确D一大鼠认知障碍中所实验动物及分组同第一部分，应用免疫组织化学染色方法现察海马CAI{介狱牛第晕军l袭拔常博粗{论义

The expression of Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA in hippocampus after 16Hz, 130dB infrasound treatment In 1 day group, Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA were expressed lightly in CA1-CA3 areas in hippocampus and dentate gyrus. Blood vessels dilated lightly. In 7d group, Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA were more expressed in areas mentioned above. Dilation of capillaries and small vessels was more obvious. Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA were strong positive in endothelial cells of vessels. In 14d group, Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA expression was obviously increased in pyramidal cells of hippocampus and granular cells of dentate gyrus, showing deep blue staining. a The endothelial cells in some vessels were also strong positive for Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA. Dilation of capillaries and small vessels was lessened. In 21d group, Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA expression was decreased in pyramidal cells. In 28d group, little change about the expression and distribution of Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA was observed. Lots of Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA were scattered in cortex of temporal lobe around hippocampus and callosal gyrus area. Dilation of capillaries and small vessels was lessened obviously. The expression of Bcl-2mRNA and P53mRNA in hippocampus after 16Hz, 90dB infrasound treatment.

次声作用后Bcl-2mRNA和P53mRNA在海马的表达，16Hz、130dB次声作用1d组：两者在海马〓区和齿状回轻度表达，海马内血管轻度扩张；7d组：两者表达在上述区域较1d增多，微血管和小血管扩张较显，血管内皮细胞内可见呈强阳性表达的Bcl-2mRNA和P53mRNA；14d组：海马锥体细胞和齿状回颗粒细胞内Bcl-2mRNA和P53mRNA阳性表达明显增多，呈深兰色，在部分血管内皮细胞内两者强阳性表达，微小血管扩张状态较7d减轻；21d组：锥体细胞胞浆内Bcl-2mRNA和P53mRNA表达减弱；28d组：上述表达及分布与21d组相比无明显改变，海马周围颞叶皮层和扣带回区域亦可见大量散在分布的Bcl-2mRNA和P53mRNA表达，血管扩张状态已明显减轻。90dB次声作用1d-7d后，较对照组无明显变化，14d-21d后轻度表达，28d后，Bcl-2mRNA和P53mRNA表达较强。

The steps are as the following:1、Preparing the cerebrospinal fluid one hour before the experiment,take some of them for cryopreservation;2、Without paralyse,cuting down the rat head quickly and dislodge the hippocamp part which is used in the experment in freezing liquid,and trim the hippocamp distrct.3、Fixing the hippocamp tissue on the vibratome,to cut down a brain slice with 300μm,use the haustorial tube to move the slice to the preincubate dish,cultivanting it for one hour.Then move it to the record incubation chamfer.4、Preparing the glass micloelectrode and fill it with NaCl,the corcentation is 3mol/L.5、adjusting the recorder,after cultivate the brain slice in the incubation chamfer for 2 hours,the expermentize can be gone on.6、In order to ensure the accurate of the experimental result,use only one medicine concentration for one brain slice in every experiment.

本实验研究方法是：1、实验前1小时配制好所需脑脊液并充以95% O2和5% CO2的混合气，取小部分冷冻保存；2、在乙醚麻醉下，快速断头并在冷冻液里取出包含海马的大脑部位，修整出所需海马区；3、将海马组织固定于振动切片机上切出300μm厚的海马脑片，用广口吸管转移至预孵育皿培养一小时，后再转移到记录用孵育槽内；4、拉制好玻璃微电极，并充以3mol/L的NaCl；5、调试好记录仪器，将脑片在孵育槽内培养2小时后进行实验；6、为了保证实验结果的准确性，每一块脑薄片只进行一个浓度的药品实验。

To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the neural plasticity after CNS injury, the gene expression profile in the rat hippocampus following perforant path transections was explored by several methods including custom differential screening, custom cDNA array and cDNA microarray. Of 2300 cDNA clones from low-abundance rat brain cDNA bank, 6 were identified as differentially expressed genes/ESTs in the hippocampus 35 days after lesion, in which none was confirmed by Northern blot. Of 8000 cDNA elements, custom cDNA array identified 47 as differentially expressed genes/ESTs with above 3-fold changes in the hippocampus 35 days after lesion, in which 25 were up-regulated and 22 down-regulated.

中文题名去传入海马的差异表达基因筛选和Cystatin C表达副题名外文题名 Screening of the differentially expressed genes and cystatin C expression in the deafferented hippocampus 论文作者应国新导师周长福研究员学科专业神经生物学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中国科学院上海生命科学研究院学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数121页关键词海马星型胶质细胞 Cystatin C 基因表达去神经海马馆藏号BSLW /2003 /Q42 /27 为了阐明中枢神经系统损伤后神经可塑性的分子机制，本实验探索了多种方法，包括传统差异筛库、传统cDNA array和cDNA microarray，对穿通纤维切断后大鼠海马的基因表达图谱进行了研究。

To explain relationship between the effect of CLD on senile Demention and neuron in hippocampal area. The change of natural aging mice's neuron in hippocampal area were studied by applying microscope and transilluminating electric microscope. Results: Comparing with the young control, the old control mice's hippocampus had less small pyramid cells, the nerve cells denaturalizing and their branches reducing in the microscope. Hippocampal nerve cells were degenemiceing, with nucleus membrance crinkling like wave shape were not clear, and chromatin condensing with high electron density, heterochromatin accruing, part cell organs inclosing nucleus, nucleus condensing in the EM.

为了阐明菖龙丹抗老年性痴呆作用与海马区神经元结构的关系，运用光镜和透射电镜观察了菖龙丹对自然衰老小鼠海马区形态的影响，结果显示老年对照组小鼠光镜下海马锥体细胞较青年对照组数量减少，细胞体积变小，神经元变性，分枝减少；电镜下海马神经细胞发生退化改变，核膜皱缩，呈波浪状，膜结构不清晰，核染色质浓缩，电子密度高，异染色质较多，部分胞浆细胞器向细胞核聚集，有的可见细胞核固缩。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。