海洋性

Marine benthos are characterized by narrow activity and special territory distribution and can be used to indicate the quality of water and the polluted condition of sediments, which plays an important part in the biologic indication of marine pollution.

海洋底栖动物活动性小、地区性强，可以较好地反映水质和底质的污染状况，在海洋污染生物学指标中具有特别重要的意义。

Its universality: its democratic equality and constancy to its nature in seeking its own level: its vastness in the ocean of Mercator's projection: its unplumbed profundity in the Sundam trench of the Pacific exceeding 8000 fathoms: the restlessness of its waves and surface particles visiting in turn all points of its seaboard: the independence of its units: the variability of states of sea: its hydrostatic quiescence in calm: its hydrokinetic turgidity in neap and spring tides: its subsidence after devastation: its sterility in the circumpolar icecaps, arctic and antarctic: its climatic and commercial significance: its preponderance of 3 to 1 over the dry land of the globe: its indisputable hegemony extending in square leagues over all the region below the subequatorial tropic of Capricorn: the multisecular stability of its primeval basin: its luteofulvous bed: its capacity to dissolve and hold in solution all soluble substances including millions of tons of the most precious metals: its slow erosions of peninsulas and islands, its persistent formation of homothetic islands, peninsulas and downwardtending promontories: its alluvial deposits: its weight and volume and density: its imperturbability in lagoons and highland tarns: its gradation of colours in the torrid and temperate and frigid zones: its vehicular ramifications in continental lakecontained streams and confluent oceanflowing rivers with their tributaries and transoceanic currents, gulfstream, north and south equatorial courses: its violence in seaquakes, waterspouts, Artesian wells, eruptions, torrents, eddies, freshets, spates, groundswells, watersheds, waterpartings, geysers, cataracts, whirlpools, maelstroms, inundations, deluges, cloudbursts: its vast circumterrestrial ahorizontal curve: its secrecy in springs and latent humidity, revealed by rhabdomantic or hygrometric instruments and exemplified by the well by the hole in the wall at Ashtown gate, saturation of air, distillation of dew: the simplicity of its composition, two constituent parts of hydrogen with one constituent part of oxygen: its healing virtues: its buoyancy in the waters of the Dead Sea: its persevering penetrativeness in runnels, gullies, inadequate dams, leaks on shipboard: its properties for cleansing, quenching thirst and fire, nourishing vegetation: its infallibility as paradigm and paragon: its metamorphoses as vapour, mist, cloud, rain, sleet, snow, hail: its strength in rigid hydrants: its variety of forms in loughs and bays and gulfs and bights and guts and lagoons and atolls and archipelagos and sounds and fjords and minches and tidal estuaries and arms of sea: its solidity in glaciers, icebergs, icefloes: its docility in working hydraulic millwheels, turbines, dynamos, electric power stations, bleachworks, tanneries, scutchmills: its utility in canals, rivers, if navigable, floating and graving docks: its potentiality derivable from harnessed tides or watercourses falling from level to level: its submarine fauna and flora, numerically, if not literally, the inhabitants of the globe: its ubiquity as constituting 90 percent of the human body: the noxiousness of its effluvia in lacustrine marshes, pestilential fens, faded flowerwater, stagnant pools in the waning moon.

50它的普遍性，它的民主的平等性，以及保持着它自身求平的本质。用墨卡托投影法在地图上所标示出的浩淼的海洋；太平洋中巽他海沟那超过八千噚的不可测的深度；永不消停、后浪推前浪地冲刷着海岸线每一部位的波涛以及水面上的微粒子；水的单位粒子的独立性；海洋变幻莫测；根据液体静力学，风平浪静时它纹丝不动；根据液体动力学，小潮大潮时它便涨了起来。暴风雨后一片沉寂；北极圈与南极圈冰冠地带的不毛性以及对气候及贸易的影响；跟地球上的陆地相比占三对一优势；它在亚赤道带南回归线以南的整个区域延伸无数平方海里的绝对权威；其在原始海盆里数千万年以来所保持的稳定性；它那橙红色海床；它那把包括数百万吨贵金属在内的可溶解物质加以溶解，并使之保持在溶解状态的性能；它对半岛和有下陷趋势的岬角所产生的缓慢的浸蚀作用；其冲积层；其重量、容积与浓度；它在咸水湖、高山湖里的静谧；其色调因热带、温带和寒带而变为或浓或淡；与陆上的湖泊、溪流及支流汇合后注入海洋的河川，还有横跨大洋的潮流所构成的运输网。沿着赤道下面的水路自北向南的湾流；海震、水龙卷、自流井、喷泉、湍流、漩涡、河水暴涨、倾盆大雨、海啸、流域、分水岭、间歇泉、大瀑布、漩流、海漩、洪水、泛滥、暴雨等滥施淫威；环绕陆地的上层土壤那漫长的曲线；源泉的奥秘可用探矿杖来占卜或用湿度测定器来揭示；阿什汤大门的墙壁上的洞、空气的饱和与露水的蒸发能够证明那潜在的湿度；水的成分单纯，是氢二、氧一的化合物；水的疗效；水的死海里的浮力；它在小溪、涧谷、水坝的缝隙、船舷的裂口所显示的顽强的浸透性；它那清除污垢、解渴、灭火、滋养植物的性能；作为模范和典型，它的可靠性；它变化多端：雾、霭、云、雨、麦、雪、雹；并在坚固的消防龙头上发挥出压力；而且千姿百态：湖泊、湖岔、内海、海湾、海岬、环礁湖、环状珊瑚岛、多岛海、海峡、峡江、明奇、潮汐港湾、港湾；冰河、冰山、浮动冰原显示出它是何等坚硬；在运转水车、水轮机、发电机、发电厂、漂白作坊、鞣皮厂、打麻厂时，它又是那样驯顺；它在运河、可航行的河川、浮船坞和干船坞所起的作用；潮汐的动力化或利用水路的落差使它得以发挥潜力；海底那些成群的动物和植物虽然并非名副其实地栖息在地球上，论数目却占地球上生物的一大半；水无所不在，占人体的百分之九十；在沼泽地、闹瘟疫的湿地、馊了的花露水以及月亏期那淤积污浊的水塘子，水所散发的恶臭充满了毒气。

The representative of Nanji Islands is rich in mollusca and algae resources, reflects the high biodiversity, and the distribution of many marine species has its specificity and can fill the vacancy. These make Nanji Islands National Marine Reserve.

南麂列岛的代表性特征是贝藻类资源丰富，体现了很好的生物多样性，许多海洋物种的分布具有特殊性和补缺性，由此确定了南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区的地位。

The toxic effect of DMP on three marine microalage, Dunaliella salina, Pavlova viridis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum is studied by a 96 h acute toxicity experiment, the endurance of the algae to DMP and the interaction between them are discussed as well.

通过96h的急性毒性实验，研究了邻苯二甲酸二甲酯对杜氏盐藻、绿色巴夫藻和三角褐指藻三种海洋微藻的致毒效应，探讨了三种海洋微藻对DMP的耐受性及两者之间的相互作用。

In order to empolder ocean resources and instruct engineering construction, this thesis synthetically analyzed regional geology, terrain, deposit sediments, hydrology, and sediments of coral reefs, have systemically studied the mechanical characteristics of calcareous sand and coral reef through indoor tests. 1. Many factors including regional engineering geology environment, hydrodynamic environment, terrain, physiognomy have been studied to evaluate their influence to coral reef engineering. It's considered that atoll reefs and table reefs are suitable for engineering construction and the reef flat on atolls is most perfect.

为了开发海洋资源，指导珊瑚礁工程建设，本文综合分析了南沙群岛区域工程地质特征、珊瑚礁地形地貌、海洋水动力环境、沉积物特征等资料，从工程地质角度对珊瑚礁各地貌单元的工程适宜性进行了评价，对礁灰岩和钙质砂进行了室内试验分析，主要研究内容和结论如下： 1、分析了珊瑚礁的区域工程地质环境、海洋水动力条件、地形地貌特征、岩土体条件等因素对岛礁工程建设的影响，对珊瑚礁的礁体类型进行了划分，结论认为可干出的环礁和台礁比较适合各类工程建设，其中环礁的礁坪是理想的工程建设场所。

In the CO_2 source area, phytoplankton abundance was low and zooplankton mainly belonged to true estuary and estuary marine communities; while in the CO_2 sink area, phytoplankton was high and zooplankton mainly belonged to euryhaline marine communities.

在枯水季节，长江口海域由低盐区大气二氧化碳的强源逐渐过渡到高盐区的弱汇，咸淡水的混合在一定程度上决定了该区域碳源汇的格局；二氧化碳源区，浮游植物的丰度低，浮游动物主要是纯河口类群和河口性海洋类群，而汇区，浮游植物的丰度高，浮游动物主要是广盐性海洋类群。

The main reasons caused theses problems are as follows: beyond marine carrying capacity and environment capability by predatory and extensive manners, over-exploitation of bioresources resulted in the disturbance of marine ecosystem and the obstruction of matter and energy circulation. Marine environment pollution and unreasonable oceanographic engineering caused serious damage of marine entironments, weakness of marine eco-functions, and degradation of marine ecosystems. The population explosion as well as the trend of population towards coast inflicted tremendous pressure on marine resources and environment. The weakness of marine laws system and the infirmness of macroscopical control by government policies relulted in unreasonable utilization, inefficient management, and insufficient protection of marine bioresources.

其主要原因是：对海洋生物资源的掠夺性、粗放性开发，造成资源过度利用，超出海洋承载力及其环境容量，物质能量循环出现障碍，海洋生态系统失衡；海洋环境污染和不合理的海洋开发工程，造成生境破坏，生态功能减弱，生态系统退化；人口增长和趋海发展，给沿海资源环境造成巨大压力；涉海法律法规体系薄弱，国家宏观政策调控不力，未能合理利用和有效管理、保护海洋生物资源和海洋环境。

This dissertation circumfuses the above theme, researches the change of property right system of China's marine fisheries resources asset systematically, learns from the foreign advance experiences of property right system of marine fisheries resources asset, and attempts to develop the innovative model of property right system of China's marine fisheries resources.

本文围绕这一主题，系统研究了中国海洋渔业资源资产产权制度的变迁，借鉴国外海洋渔业资源资产产权制度的先进经验，尝试性地提出了中国海洋渔业资源资产产权制度的变革模式。

The SeaWiFS will be the first ocean color satellite to follow the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner, which ceased sending dataa in 1986 after more than seven years of operation.

宽视场海洋观测传感器是继工作了七年多，于1985年停止发送资料的Nimbus－7海岸带水色扫描仪之后的第一个星载海洋水色传感器，不像作为概念验证性实验的海岸带水色扫描仪那样，宽视场海洋观测传感器被设计用来提供充分精确的光合色素浓度资料以进行海洋初级生产力和生物地球化学定量研究［4］。宽视场海洋观测传感器将常规地每二日一次提供全球复盖资料。

Therefore, the study is significant both theoretically and practically. As a result, the studying aim of this paper is to establish a practical and complete system for the prediction of ship maneuvering motion, taking into account of the influence of the environmental factors, such as the wind, wave and current, establish a practical and complete system for the prediction of ship maneuvering motion. In this paper, the OpenGL virtual reality simulation technique is introduced into the field of ship maneuver and control, and using the MMG mathematical model, the three dimensional dynamic simulation system of the ship motion is established and good results are achieved. In the process of the system development, firstly, the maneuvering motion equations for ship in the still water are established, based on the MMG module mathematical model and serial experimental result. After compiling the program, the calculation results are compared with the experimental data, the coherence between them validate the mathematical model.

在系统开发过程中，首先采用MMG分离式数学模型及相关的系列化试验结果，建立单桨单舵海洋运输船舶在静水中的船舶操纵运动方程，并编制计算程序，经与试验结果比较，证实了计算结果的正确性；为了解MMG数学模型中模型参数变化对操纵性指数的影响程度，作者在上述已有程序基础上，对有关模型参数进行偏移修正，探讨了相应参数变化后的操纵性指数，对船舶操纵性指数对模型参数的灵敏度进行了详细的分析与探讨，所得结论与工程实际相吻合，具有实际应用价值，并为进一步提高船舶操纵性预报的精度打下了基础；然后，在已有的船舶静水操纵运动模型基础上，考虑双桨双舵的影响，建立了内河双桨双舵船舶的操纵运动模型；最后，综合考虑风浪流作用力的影响，进行了船舶的操纵运动仿真计算。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。