海洋

The main reasons caused theses problems are as follows: beyond marine carrying capacity and environment capability by predatory and extensive manners, over-exploitation of bioresources resulted in the disturbance of marine ecosystem and the obstruction of matter and energy circulation. Marine environment pollution and unreasonable oceanographic engineering caused serious damage of marine entironments, weakness of marine eco-functions, and degradation of marine ecosystems. The population explosion as well as the trend of population towards coast inflicted tremendous pressure on marine resources and environment. The weakness of marine laws system and the infirmness of macroscopical control by government policies relulted in unreasonable utilization, inefficient management, and insufficient protection of marine bioresources.

其主要原因是：对海洋生物资源的掠夺性、粗放性开发，造成资源过度利用，超出海洋承载力及其环境容量，物质能量循环出现障碍，海洋生态系统失衡；海洋环境污染和不合理的海洋开发工程，造成生境破坏，生态功能减弱，生态系统退化；人口增长和趋海发展，给沿海资源环境造成巨大压力；涉海法律法规体系薄弱，国家宏观政策调控不力，未能合理利用和有效管理、保护海洋生物资源和海洋环境。

Each unitis of different biotic characters and displays different features of seawater composition during the time. 2 The black unit including a biotic extinction was caused by oceanic anoxic event. Crisis that deepwater keeled foraminifera encountered represents a ferocious anoxia in deep marine environment . Biotic recovery in gray unit reflects gradually improved marine circumstance. What the biotic extinction at the C/T boundary in black unit reflects an environmental mutation, whereas the gradual biotic change characterize the recovery of marine dissolved oxygen environment in a stepwise process. The red unit is the result of oxic deposition and characterized by extremely abundance of foraminiferal faunas, which reflects a high-oxidized marine circumstance. 3 As the most ordinary biotic index in paleoceanography researches, foraminifera represent anexcellent environmental indicator in this paper.

三套岩层表现出不同的生物特征，并指示出当时海水的不同性质。2黑层段是大洋缺氧造成的结果，生物大量灭绝，深层水具旋脊有孔虫的所遭受的危机反映出当时海洋深层水体严重缺氧的特征；灰层段中生物的恢复反映出海洋环境自缺氧事件之后的逐步改善过程，与黑层段反映的C/T 界线处生物绝灭反映的环境突变不同，灰层段生物特征的渐变指示出当时海洋溶解氧环境的恢复也是一个逐步的过程；红层段属于富氧沉积的产物，特征是有孔虫生物的极度繁盛，反映的是一种高氧化性的海洋环境。3有孔虫作为古海洋研究中最常用的生物指标，在本文研究中显示了良好的环境指示性。

But with marine economy rising fast, there are many problems of resource wasting, environment polluting and plunderous manage.

为避免海洋开发中可能出现的无序状态，保证海洋经济、海洋资源利用与海洋环境保护的协调统一，必须走海洋经济可持续发展之路。

This article dis cusses a number of science and technology problems to be studied in the field of coastal and offshore engineering in respect of ocean energy resource exploitati on, ocean space utilization, ocean environment and its protection, and hazard pr evention in ocean engineering which people will concern about in the next centur y.

面对21世纪人类对海洋开发利用的需求及其给海岸和近海工程的发展带来的前所未有的机遇和挑战，这里着重对下一个世纪人类在海洋能源开发、海洋空间利用、海洋环境保护以及海洋工程防灾减灾方面所依赖的海岸和近海工程学科中应重点研究的一些科学技术问题，结合我国的国情进行一些探讨。

At last, it analyzes the main problems of marine management and offers available measures by dissertating the marine resource and environment management concept and instrument.

最后针对我国海洋资源环境及海洋经济发展现状，分析了我国海洋资源环境管理上存在的主要问题，在论述了海洋环境管理的思想和手段的基础上，提出了我国海洋资源环境管理的几项具体措施。

The SeaWiFS will be the first ocean color satellite to follow the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner, which ceased sending dataa in 1986 after more than seven years of operation.

宽视场海洋观测传感器是继工作了七年多，于1985年停止发送资料的Nimbus－7海岸带水色扫描仪之后的第一个星载海洋水色传感器，不像作为概念验证性实验的海岸带水色扫描仪那样，宽视场海洋观测传感器被设计用来提供充分精确的光合色素浓度资料以进行海洋初级生产力和生物地球化学定量研究［4］。宽视场海洋观测传感器将常规地每二日一次提供全球复盖资料。

China is a big developing country with long coastlines.

中国是一个发展中的沿海大国，中国高度重视海洋的开发和保护，把发展海洋事业作为国家发展战略，加强海洋综合管理，不断完善海洋法律制度，积极发展海洋科学技术和教育。

Project planning construction contents::Rizhao Maritime Museum mainly includes 5 parts: Marine Fishery Museum, Marine Salt Museum, Marine Transportation Shipping Exhibition Hall, Marine Biology and Aquarium Museum and Marine Disasters Science Museum.

该项目规划建设内容为：日照市海洋博物馆主要由海洋渔业博物馆、海洋盐业博物馆、海洋交通航运展览馆、海洋生物观赏馆、海洋灾害科普馆五个部分组成。

On the basis of reviewing the historical evolution of integrated marine management and discussing its concept, the paper obtains the process of dialectical thinking for the integrated marine management by considering man as the subject of knowledge and actively pondering over the natural and social attrib...

本文在回顾了海洋综合管理的历史演变过程，并讨论了其概念的基础上，着重从人类作为认识主体，能动地从海洋的自然与社会属性和人类对过度开发利用海洋而造成不利于可持续发展等问题的思考中，得出海洋综合管理的辩证思维过程，进而论证海洋综合管理的正确性。

Based on the data analysis and numerical simulation, the Arctic sea ice climate variability was researched, the result were as following:(1) The analysis on the seasonal cycle of the Arctic Ocean and atmosphere showed that: The seasonal surface wind is somewhat trade wind like in some regions in the Arctic. The surface air temperature is robustly determined from the underlying environments such as sea ice and Greenland glaciers. In the sea ice region the precipitation rate is larger than that of evaporation. Furthermore, the Arctic Ocean hydrology is profoundly influenced by the surrounding rivers discharge. These are the decisive factors on the ocean salinity pattern. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait is larger in winter than in summer. From the 40s in the 20th century on, the ice volume flux has an increasing trend. The Arctic rivers flood season is about the melt period, the winter rivers discharge has a significant increasing. Correlation analysis shows that 7 to 10 years is a characteristic time scale that rivers discharge leads Fram Strait ice volume export.(2) Considering 9 major arctic rivers, the Arctic Ocean circulation was simulated through BOM. The result shows that: The BOM can reproduce the main Arctic Ocean circulation pattern. The"Islandization"which is commonly used in OGCMs to treat the North Pole, not only influences the ocean current near the pole, but also influences the current in the Northern Atlantic Ocean, thus the bogus island might influence global climate through thermohaline circulation in the Atlantic Ocean.

在资料分析和数值模拟的基础上，对北极海冰的气候变率进行了深入的研究，结果如下：(1)对北极地区大气和海洋季节循环特征的分析表明，气候平均风场在部分地区具有&信风&的性质；而气温场与海冰分布及格陵兰半岛冰原的下垫面特征有密切关系；在北极海冰区的降水量大于蒸发量，并且在全球大洋中北冰洋受到河流径流的影响最大，对北冰洋的盐度分布有决定作用；通过弗瑞姆海峡的海冰通量在冬半年大于夏半年，并且从20世纪40年代起，海冰的体积输送有增加趋势；北极河流的汛期主要在融化季节，冬季的河流流量有显著增加的趋势；相关分析表明7到10年是北极河流流量影响弗瑞姆海峡海冰体积输送的一个特征时间尺度；(2)采用BOM海洋模式对北冰洋海洋环流进行了模拟研究，在模式中考虑了北极9条主要河流的作用，结果表明该海洋模式可以较好模拟出北冰洋海洋环流的基本特征；多数大洋环流模式采用&北极岛化&的方法处理北极点，模拟结果表明&北极岛化&不仅影响到极点附近的海流，还会对相对较远的北大西洋海流造成影响，并可能通过大西洋的热盐环流对全球气候产生影响；(3)采用CSIM4海冰模式对北极海冰的气候态进行了模拟。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了