海床

BGHS;Base of Gas Hydrate Stability, we attached 5 miniature temperature probes to the outside walls of a sediment corer to measure the temperature and thermal gradient of sub-seafloor when taking a core sample.

为了能更准确的求得天然气水合物稳定生成的底部，即海床的地温梯度与天然气水合物稳定曲线的交点。我们将5根小型温度探针系绑於岩心采样器之外管壁上，在岩心采样时同时量取海床底下之温度。

By field-testing methods, such as static cone penetration test, field vane shear test, and pore water piezometer test, the variation of strength and the pore water pressure are measured at real time, and the marine hydrodynamics' impaction on the consolidation process of the sediments in the Yellow River Estuary was studied. It is shown that the self-consolidated sediments have a very fast consolidation rate, under self-consolidation, in 72h, the consolidation degree reaches 37% and about 142h the pore water pressure disperse over, while under the hydrodynamics, in 72h the consolidation degree reaches 52% and about 195h the pore water pressure disperse over.

在黄河三角洲刁口叶瓣潮坪上，开挖2m×1m×1m的试坑，现场取土配置黄河口快速沉积形成的流体状堆积物，以铁板部分覆盖试坑隔绝波浪和潮流作用，利用微型贯入、静力触探、十字板剪切试验、孔隙水压力监测等原位测试手段，实时测定快速沉积的海床土强度发展以及孔隙水压力消散情况，研究快速沉积的粉质海床土分别在自重条件下以及在波浪和潮波等水动力作用下的固结过程。

For the same amount of dredged-material, the preelection area

倾倒同样数量的疏浚物，在预选Ⅰ区引起的地形变化较大，但对水体和海床的扰动范围较小；而在预选Ⅱ区引起的地形变化较小，但对水体和海床的扰动范围较大。

In most previous investigations for the seabed-pipeline interaction, the seabed has been taken as to be elastic and generally the influences of the non-linearity of progressive wave loading and stand wave loading have been overlooked.

目前大多数研究只是考虑了管线、海床在线性推进波作用下的响应，没有考虑波浪非线性对于管线及其周围海床响应的影响，也没有考虑立波波浪荷载作用下管线及其周围海床响应。

The interface wave model for two-layered viscid fluid is proposed to simulate the dynamic properties of the "water-liquefied soil-subliquefied soil" system, which is formed when certain depth of seabed is liquefied.

海床表层土体的物理参数对于整个海床的抗液化性能有很大影响，置换法是有效的防止液化的途径。

So far as the protection of pioneer investors is concerned, Resolution II of UNCLOS on Governing Preparatory Investment in Pioneer Activities Relating to Polymetallic Nodules (hereinafter referred as "Resolution II") stipulates relevant provisions, and the author orderly discusses the definition of pioneer investors, procedures of application and their rights and obligations. Concerning settlement of disputes on overlaps of mine sites, the Preparatory Commission for the International Sea Bed Authority and for the International Tribunal for the law of the Sea (hereinafter referred as "Preparatory Commission") had held series of meetings or sessions with states interested since 1983, and they had signed the 1984 General Understanding, the 1986 Arusha Understanding and New York Understanding, and the 1987 Midnight Agreement. As a result, such agreements had be settled overlapping disputes of mine sites between the first group of applicants and potential applicants.

关於「先驱投资者」之保护，公约《决议二》：「进行多金属结核开发活动之预备性投资」有相关规定，笔者分别就先驱投资者之意义、申请程序及其权利义务作说明；对於申请矿址重叠冲突之争端解决，「国际海床管理局与国际海洋法法庭筹备委员会」（本文简称为海床筹备委员会）於1983年召集各利害关系国举行一连串会议，并签署1984年《一般谅解》、1986年《阿鲁沙谅解》及《纽约谅解》与1987年《午夜协定》，解决「第一批申请者」及「潜在申请者」矿址重叠之问题，同时於1987年年底批准第一批申请者提出之申请，使其具「先驱投资者地位」。

The People's Republic of China exercises its sovereign rights over the exclusive economic zone for the purpose of exploring, exploiting, conserving and managing the natural resources of the waters superjacent to the sea-bed and of the sea-bed and its subsoil, and in its other activities for economic exploitation and exploration of the zone, such as production of energy from water, currents and winds.

第三条 中华人民共和国在专属经济区为勘查、开发、养护和管理海床上覆水域、海床及其底土的自然资源，以及进行其他经济性开发和勘查，如利用海水、海流和风力生产能等活动，行使主权权利。

Article 3 The Peoples Republic of China exercises its sovereign rights over the exclusive economic zone for the purpose of exploring, exploiting, conserving and managing the natural resources of the waters superjacent to the sea-bed and of the sea-bed and its subsoil, and in its other activities for economic exploitation and exploration of the zone, such as production of energy from water, currents and winds.

第三条 中华人民共和国在专属经济区为勘查、开发、养护和管理海床上覆水域、海床及其底土的自然资源，以及进行其他经济性开发和勘查，如利用海水、海流和风力生产能等活动，行使主权权利。

He envisages a filter-feeding marine ancestor half-buried in thesea bed, its exposed belly and nerve cord protected by bony plates.

他想象出了一种情况，曾有那么一条终日饮食残渣废料的海生物祖先将自己半隐埋于海床之下，而露在海床之外的腹部与神经索则由多骨层保护着。

Sub-bottom "pingers" record the shape of anything solid in the mud below the sea bed.

海床底部剖面仪会记录海床下泥沙中任何固态物体的形状。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。