海岸地形

It becomes the research focus of navy all over the world. Owing to the anomalous distribution of sea and land、coast landform、offshore wind and shoreward wind in shore, it often causes the alongshore effect of the evaporation duct. This effect will debase the veracity of the evaporation duct diagnosis.

然而由于其形成机制复杂，且在近岸沿海地区由于海陆分布不均，以及海岸地形和海陆风等因素的作用，会造成蒸发波导的近岸效应，这种效应会影响蒸发波导高度诊断的准确率。

From the sea ice motion data extracted from the MODIS and AVHRR images, it is found that the sea ice motion in the Bohai Sea is effected not only by prevailing winds but also by topographic steering, ocean currents and internal ice stresses. The extracted sea ice drift is similar to observed ice drift, and can clearly show the sea ice drift in the Marginal Ice Zone especially. It can compensate for the limitation of the local or single station observation.

利用MODIS和NOAA/AVHRR资料获取的渤海冰速资料的综合分析显示：渤海海冰运动，除受盛行风控制外，还受到复杂的海岸地形、流和冰内应力的共同作用，所得到的大范围海冰运动规律和多年历史观测资料分析结果基本一致，并清楚地显示了冰边缘带海冰运动的特征，弥补了局地、单站海冰观测的局限性。

The general forms of the conservation of momentum, t emperature and potential vorticity of coastal ocean are obtained in the xz pla ne for the nonlinear ocean circulation of Boussinesq fluid, and a elliptic type partial differential equations of second order are derived. Solution of the part ial differential equations are obtained under the conditions that the fluid move s along the topography.

在考虑了陆架地形后，在垂直海岸的xz剖面上，对Boussinesq流体的非线性海洋运动方程求得了总动量守恒、温度守恒和位势涡度守恒的普适形式，进而得到流函数所满足的椭圆型二阶偏微分方程，在给定流体沿地形运动的条件下，算出问题的解。

The modified method can satisfy the limit of mean square deviation within 10W/m^2, and the average relative error is about 25%.

计算结果与西沙实测资料、长年代的GSSTF2资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料进行比较验证，证明改进后的方法精度较高，基本可以保证湍流热通量的平均标准偏差在10W/平方公尺左右，与多年的月平均做比较，相对偏差为25%左右；同时，不仅首次将计算热通量的空间尺度精确到0.1°×0.1°，而且基本模拟出了南海季风暴发期间热通量变化的主要特点以及中国近海热通量随季节、纬度和海岸地形的变化特征。

It is thought that the channel bay line evolution processes can be divided into four stages. The first stage is soon of the sea level stable when the bayhead mountines are eroded and developed abrasion geomorphy and the productive materials were transport into the bay deposition by the tidal current and wave current and were reworked into gravel dams. The second stage is characterized by the fluvial output sediments and eroded sediments mixed deposition in channel bay and developed marine accumulation plain and sand riges in the plain under the wave reworked. The third stage developed clay silt marine accumulation plain under the action of the channel current and the wave action is very limited. The fourth stage is marked by human being reclaim which result in the channel bay filled and evoluted into a strait arce coast.

文章认为，峡道海湾的充填经历了四个阶段，第一阶段以峡道海湾湾顶山体在波浪作用下产生的侵蚀物质充填为主，发育了海蚀崖、海蚀洞、海蚀穴等侵蚀地形和湾顶砂砾石堤等堆积地形交替的峡道湾顶地貌，第二阶段以河流输出物质和峡道湾岛屿、礁石侵蚀物质在潮流作用下向峡道湾输运，由潮流和波流共同沉积为特征，发育海积平原，部分粗颗粒泥沙在波浪的改造峡，发育平原沙堤，第三阶段以河流输出物质为主，在涨落潮流搬运下进入峡道和峡道湾沉积，在峡道湾中发育以淤泥质粉砂为主要物质的海积平原，第四阶段以人类围涂造田为标志，加速峡道湾的充填过程，使峡道海湾最终趋于夷平，形成顺直均衡的弧形海岸。

According to the wave energy flux method, longshore sediment transport rate of the Changxing Island sea area of Dalian is quantitatively calculated with SMB formula,Xu Xiao formula and Chatou formula.

根据波能流法，采用SMB公式、徐啸公式和夏都公式对大连长兴岛海域的沿岸输沙率进行了定量计算，并从泥沙来源、海岸地形与地貌方面，对海域的沿岸输沙问题进行了定性分析。

Although Taipei and Taichung are both basin landforms, the distribution of the heat island in Taichung is centered and distinct, while that of Taipei is large and of a wide variety because of its high development and urbanization It is also clear from the results that in urban areas, large greened areas or parks play a key role in reducing temperatures.

海岸地形的都会区，都市热岛现象受到海陆气候极大的影响，使得白天热岛中心偏向内陆，晚上热岛中心则偏向海边。虽然台中与台北同属盆地地形，但台北都会区因具有大范围、高度发展与复杂的商业、人为活动，而使得其都市热岛中心分布不像台中集中与明显。

The database of average coastal images obtained is used to analyze inter-tidal bathymetry and foreshore topography in short-term and long-term variations, such as the topographic change of Hsi-tzu-wan beach after the construction of two headlands with beach nourishment.

累积的海岸平均影像资料库则用於分析短期及长期间前滩及潮间带的海岸地形变化，如观测西子湾在实施人工岬湾及养滩工法后附近海岸地形之变迁。

Based on the modeling, spatial variations of the north passage thalweg from 1965 to 2003 are analyzed, and the evolving process of islands in both sides of the passage is discussed thoroughly. On the base of modeling, we design and develop the virtual explore system of the Yangtze Estuary.

文中详细介绍了三维地形虚拟表达过程中的数据格式转换、地形建模、纹理粘贴和模型优化等相关技术细节，为数字河口海岸研究提供了一种新的思路。

President Lin Chun-shin pointed out that the educational meaning of knowing coastal geography is to better understand historical evidence about change in geology. We could image the terrain features formed billions of years ago through a variety of telltale signs. Every grain of sand could reveal huge space-time information. This kind of substance and trace evidence could be more reliable than pure theory in terms of strengthening cognition. Taiwan is small, but it has versatile coastal landforms. Hence, living in Taiwan, we are exceptionally lucky to be able to have multi-dimensional learning and accumulate knowledge. We shall pay special attention to the environment and all the subtlety, so we can gain a toehold in Taiwan.

林俊兴董事长表示，认识海岸地理特徵的教育意义在於了解地质变迁的历史证据，我们可以经由种种的迹象来想像数亿年前的地貌，每一粒沙都可以解读出庞大的时空资讯，这种物质迹证比纯粹的理论更能强化认知的可信度；台湾的土地面积虽小，但却有著多样的海岸地形，因此在知识密集的多面向学习上，处在台湾的我们拥有得天独厚的优势，也唯有留心环境，凡事见微知著，才得以安身立命。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。