海上运输的

Through reviewing the relevant regulations of various countries of civil law system and Anglo-American law system, the author make the systemic research of the subject issue and expound the transfer of the ownership of shipping goods in a fire-new angle in combination of international trade and international shipping, expecting to make active and useful instructing effect to the theory and practice of international trade and international carriage of goods by sea.

本文笔者通过对大陆法系、英美法系等多个国家的相关规定的考察，对这一问题进行了系统的研究，并且从国际贸易与国际海运相结合这个全新的视角来阐述海运货物所有权的转移，希望对国际贸易和国际海上货物运输理论和实践产生积极而有意义的指导作用。

The law of trade was largely boosted up by the incorporated of international economy and the multipolar politics.

国际经济一体化以及政治的多极化都对国际海上货物运输法的发展产生深远的影响。

However,in practice,operators regard to coal transported by sea ignore the dangers often,and don't comply with the relational rules, this lead to accidents of ship and cargo damage which should have been avoid.

然而，在实际操作中，运输各方常忽略海上运煤具有的危险，未按有关规则规定进行操作，采取相应的安全措施，从而导致本可避免的船货事故。

Is a welfare enterprise, which confirmed by Shandong Civil Administration Hall.we specialize in the design,development and the production as well as the sale of many kinds of stainless steel rigging and ship hardware.we win the faith from domestic and foreign merchants which is based on the abundantly technical force, the high quality of product.The products have been sold to US, England, Germany, France Canada, Australia, Holland, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia European countries and areas.We mainly supply all kinds stainless steel rigging of casting and forging, such as :shackle,wire rope clips,turnbuckle,pulley,thimble,swivels,eye bolt,eye nut,spring hook,eye hook,swivel hook,round ring,quick link,U-Bolt,bollard,pad eye,swivel bolt,wing nut ect.

型号圈式旋转弹簧规格12*70类型多款供选材质不锈钢适用范围各种工程起重机械、冶金矿山设备、港口铁路装卸、林业机械、电力设备、航空及海上、陆地运输、厂矿企业起重、吊装、牵引以及食品、医药、医疗、环保、机电，等业无棣方正福利不锈钢制品有限公司是经山东省民政厅批准的社会福利企业，专业致力于不锈钢索具及船用五金配件的设计、开发、生产与销售，公司成立几年以来，凭借雄厚的技术力量，优质的产品质量，完善的质量保证体系赢得了国内外客商的信赖，产品远销美国、英国、德国、法国、加拿大、澳大利亚、荷兰、台湾、日本、韩国、东南亚等欧洲国家及地区。

The special position and important meaning of B/L make it not only a right but also an obligation for a carrier to deliver cargo with production of an original

提单的这种特殊地位和重要意义，使得海上货物运输中凭正本提单交付货物成为承运人的一项权利同时又是必须履行的一项义务。

By the middle of the 17th century the Dutch dominated the world's merchant shipping industry, and they introduced large-scale coffee cultivation to their colonies in Indonesia on the islands of Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi and Bali.

17世纪中期荷兰人控制了世界的海上商业运输，并且借此将他们的咖啡文化散播到了它的殖民地：印度尼西亚的爪哇岛，苏门答腊岛，苏拉威西岛和巴哩岛。

Other large markets for wind power, including the United States and China focused first on developing their on-land wind resources where construction costs are lower (such as in the Great Plains of the U.S., and the similarly wind-swept steppes of Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia in China), but population centers along coastlines in many parts of the world are close to offshore wind resources, which would reduce transmission costs.

风能应用的另外一个巨大市场是美国和中国，它们都开始致力于发展其陆上风能资源，成本较低（如美国的大平原，同样多风的中国新疆草原和内蒙古地区。），而世界上一些沿海的人口密集地区靠近海上风能资源，可以降低运输成本。

Article 257 The Limitation period for claims against the carrier with regard to the carriage of goods by sea is one year, counting from the day on which the goods were delivered or should have been delivered by the carrier. Within the limitation period or after the expiration thereof, if the person allegedly liable has brought up a claim of recourse against a third person, that claim is time-barred at the expiration of 90 days, counting from the day on which the person claiming for the recourse settled the claim, or was served with a copy of the process by the court handling the claim against him.

第二百五十七条就海上货物运输向承运人要求赔偿的请求权，时效期间为一年，自承运人交付或者应当交付货物之日起计算；在时效期间内或者时效期间届满后，被认定为负有责任的人向第三人提起追偿请求的，时效期间为九十日，自追偿请求人解决原赔偿请求之日起或者收到受理对其本人提起诉讼的法院的起诉状副本之日起计算。

These particular provisions, apparently adopted in the reconciliations with various interests, would seem to put the proposed statue far out of the mainstream of relevant international laws and lead to a series of conflicts of laws ; therefore ,Senate COGSA'99 would have a regime that is out of step internationally.

这些特殊条款很明显是各种利益的妥协结果，它们将使美国的海上货物运输法律更加背离相关国际公约的主旨，产生一系列新的法律冲突，因此与国际社会的步调越来越不一致。

As an independent means of resolution for disputes arising out of carriage of goods by sea, arbitration has a long history in the world, and becomes more and more popular recently. As the gray area in maritime law, the arbitration clause in Bs/L is controversial.

通过仲裁方式独立公正的解决海上货物运输中产生的争议，由来已久，近年来更有愈演愈烈之势，而这一切，都来自法律对属于整个仲裁制度核心地位的仲裁协议的认定，没有合法有效的仲裁协议，整个仲裁过程便无从谈起。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。