海上的

Institute of International Maritime Law installs seven sub-institutes as follows, Institute of Maritime Law, Institute of Admiralty Law, Institute of Marine Insurance, Institute of Marine Dispute Disposal, Institute of Law of Sea and Maritime Administrative Law, Institute of Marine Criminal Law, and Institute of Shipping Service Trading Law.

国际海事法律研究中心下设海商法研究室、海事法研究室、海上保险法研究室、海事争议处理研究室、海洋法与海事行政法研究室、海上刑法研究室、海运服务贸易法研究室七个具体的研究机构。

So the article intends to combine some naval battles' practices, try to discuss these questions below: Discussing the concept of blockage on the sea, and the law origin, legitimacy, main style and basic problem etc, how the legality puts availably into practicing blockage on the sea, drawing lessons from experience of the history study, and discuss the means of the delimitation in blockader area, the legal power of establish the blockader and relief it.

有鉴于此，本文拟结合若干海战实践，从理清海上封锁的概念、适用法律渊源、合法性、主要样式及特点等基本问题入手，围绕如何合法有效地实施海上封锁，借鉴历史上海上封锁的经验教训及相关理论研究成果，着重研讨在封锁区的划定与建立、封锁成立的基本条件、封锁的手段和方法、对破坏封锁的认定与处理、封锁的权限与解除中的国际法若干问题。

Firstly, the author starts with the basic theories of limitation of liability for maritime claims, giving descriptions of the concept of limitation of liability for maritime claims, its generation and development, its basic content and its connection with the unit limitation of liability. Basing on which and by comparing with the principle of full compensation of the traditional system of liability for civil damages, the author analyzes the unique principle of limited compensation of the system of limitation of liability for maritime claims and acknowledges the positive role such principle takes in the carriage by sea, international trade, marine insurance and salvage at sea.

首先，笔者从海事赔偿责任限制的基本理论入手，对海事赔偿责任限制的概念、形成和发展、基本内容及其与单位赔偿责任限制的关系进行了阐述；并在此基础上，通过对比传统民事损害赔偿制度的全面赔偿原则，分析了海事赔偿责任限制所特有的限制赔偿原则，并肯定了这一特点对海上运输、国际贸易、海上保险、海上救助的积极作用。

For decision-making in maritime rescue command,this paper adopts Web Ontology Language to represent crisis situations and maritime rescue domain knowledge.

针对海上援救指挥决策，采用Web本体语言OWL表示危机态势信息和海上援救领域知识，提出一种基于案例推理和描述逻辑推理的援救规划业务流程。

Application of this patent technology floating island tourism, floating dock project and integrated application of correlative specialty technical design construction of ship engineering, harbor engineering and maritime engineering, its main structure is the assembling packaging of 10 ships of pontoon and sets its orientation on the sea though assembled anchoring system, which locates in programming harbor area in Luoyuan bay and maritime space between Gangyu island and Niaoyu island.

海上浮动岛是应用现代科学技术构建的一种大型和超大型的海上浮动构筑物，根据不同的使用要求，选择合适的海洋环境，采用组合锚泊系统在海上实施定位，能在各向风、浪、流最不利的组合作用下保持稳定，并随潮汐的涨落与海平面一起升降，其亲水性特强，能够承受台风、海浪、风暴潮等自然灾害的袭击。

The eighth part-- To discuss about the styles and mass medias of the remuneration of Chinese paintings and calligraphy works.in order to expose the livelihood about the artists through the remuneration and the acceleration of the remuneration in the process of commercialization of Chinese paintings and calligraphy works,the problems existing in the process and the inspiration of the renumeration about the present market of Chinese paintings and calligraphy works.

结语探讨了书画润例的表现形式与传播方式的变迁过程，揭示了海上书画润例折射出的书画家的生存状态以及海上书画润例在书画商品化进程中的作用、海上书画润例在商品化进程中存在的问题及润例对当代书画市场的启示。

Seaborne Liquefied Natural Gas is an industry of high risk. Stevedoring operation of LNG is the key tache that being at the begning and the end of transportation at sea.

液化天然气海上运输是一种高风险的行业，液化天然气的装卸作业是海上运输起始和终止的关键环节，其安全性直接影响液化天然气海上运输事业的健康发展，对于液化天然气的安全利用起着决定性作用。

Chapter 3 analyses the relationship between the performing party during carriage of goods by sea and the carrier as well as the cargo owners. It shows that the performing party during carriage of goods by sea is in dual legal status, i.e. on the one hand it is the independent contractor or sub-contractor of the carrier, and on the other hand it is a tort-feasor against the cargo owners.

第3章分析了海上货物运输中的履约方与承运人以及与货方的关系，指出海上货物运输中的履约方在海上货物运输复杂的法律关系中具有双重的法律地位，一方面它与承运人之间存在一般的商业合同关系，是承运人的独立合同人或分合同人，另一方面它与货方之间存在侵权的法律关系，处于侵权行为人的法律地位。

Meanwhile, as the performing party during carriage of goods by sea performs or undertakes to perform any of the carrier"s responsibilities under a contract of carriage of goods by sea which is regulated by compulsory law, in order to maintain the legal relation"s stability in the shipping field, the performing party during carriage of goods by sea should burden some carriers legal compulsory obligations under the contract of carriage of goods by sea, which will breach the doctrine of privity of contract in the relations between it and cargo owners.

同时，由于海上货物运输中的履约方履行或承诺履行的是承运人运输合同项下的义务，而运输合同受强制法律的调整，为了维护海上货物运输法律关系的稳定，需要将承运人在运输合同项下的某些法定的权利义务赋予海上货物运输中的履约方，从而在其与货方的关系上实现了合同相对性原则的突破。

Presence of multiples leads to poor quality in main stages of offshore seismic data processing, such as velocity analysis, stacking and imaging. Three basic multiple attenuating methods are reviewed; and a more effective multiple attenuator is achieved by joining them. As the first step, shot or receiver records are extrapolated by wave-equation datum algorithms. The extrapolation will establish a model of waterbottom multiples. Waterbotton multiples will then be removed by subtracting the extrapolated records from the original records. After that, predictive deconvolution is used to attenuate the multiples created by source ghost. Finaly, RADON transformation is adopted to separate peg-leg multiples and residual water-bottom multiples from the original data in the τ-p domain.

地震勘探尤其是海上地震勘探中存在着各类多次波，由于多次波的存在严重影响了速度分析、叠加、偏移成像等地震资料处理，海上多次波主要有全程多次波和层间多次两大类，为了压制海上不同类型的多次波，本文首先分析波场外推、预测反褶积和拉东变换衰减不同多次波的理论基础，然后联合采用这些方法，分别衰减全程多次波和层间多次波；即：首先对炮记录或者接收点记录进行波场外推，建立海底多次波模型，预测并减去全程多次波，然后利用预测反褶积衰减掉周期性明显的多次波，最后将数据转换到τ-p 域，用拉冬变换根据同一时间多次波和有效波在速度等方面的差异，进一步分离层间多次波和剩余的全程多次波，并在该域中切除分离出的多次波，从而实现联合多次波衰减处理。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。