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the digitized mapping technique is to combine the field data collection system with the computer assisted mapping system in surveys by computer technology.it aims to realize the information collected and processed digitally and automaticaity.the digitized mapping technique can cut short the working time,lighten the labor intensity and enhance the precision of the productions.the system consists of three parts,such as data input,data processing and data output.the survey-record digitized mapping technique is widely used in the digitized mapping working pattern.for its superiority over traditional plane-table mapping in accuracy and efficiency,the large scale digital mapping is becoming more and more popular.compared with traditional analogue mapping,digital mapping has more quality control pivotai points,and its contents and methods are more complex.with the appearance of new technology gps ,the coordinate of different levels controlling points may be surveyed in high precision and it has been applied widely in topographic survey.the operation process of gps electronic tachometer is introduced and its application in topographic survey is br

计算机应用论文，计算机论文， rtk ，全站仪，数字测图，地形测量， gps论文摘要：数字测图是在测量工作中利用电子计算机技术将野外数据采集系统与内业机助制图系统相结合，其目标是实现信息采集处理的数字化、自动化、信息化。数字测图可以缩短作业时间，减轻劳动强度，提高成果精度。数字测图系统主要由数据输入、数据处理和数据输出3部分组成，数字测图作业模式中测记式数字测图应用最为广泛。大比例尺数字测图正以其测图精度高，成图速度快等优势逐步的取代传统的，以平板仪为主的模拟测图。与传统的模拟测图相比，数字测图的质量控制关键点更多、内容与方法更为复杂。gps 新技术的出现，可以高精度并快速地测定各级控制点的坐标，在地形测量中已得到广泛地应用。本文介绍了gps 配合全站仪的作业流程，简要阐明了其在地形测量中的应用。在利用实测数据成图的过程中，解决一些常见的问题，并给出解决的办法及依据，同时给出一些有益的结论，以适应实际使用的需要。

With regards to the learning motive of music, after excluding the pretest influence, it is the finding of the study that the students belonging to the experimentation group score higher in the areas of "Total score","Internal goal orientation","Work value","Controlled belief","Expectation to succeed" and "Test on anxiety" than the control group, amongst which "Work value" reaches significant difference on the measurement chart; of all the students scoring high on "Selective attention" during pretest, the experimentation group scores higher than the control group on posttest scores; regarding the students with lower pretest scores, the control group performs better than the experimentation group; of the students with higher pretest scores on "Discrete attention", the posttest scores of experimentation group are higher than those of the control group; regarding students with lower pretest scores, the control group performs better than the experimentation group; on "Sustained attention", the posttest scores of the experimentation group are higher than those of the control group; on the "Total score" of multidimensional attention measurement, the posttest scores of the experimentation group are higher than those of the control group.

研究结果发现，在音乐学习动机方面，经排除前测影响后，实验组学生在「总分」及「内在目标导向」、「工作价值」、「控制信念」、「期望成功」、「测试焦虑」等分量表上皆高於对照组，其中在「工作价值」分量表上达到显著性差异；在「选择性注意力」前测分数较高学生中，后测成绩为实验组显著优於对照组，对前测分数较低学生而言，则是对照组显著优於实验组；在「分离性注意力」前测分数较高学生中，后测成绩为实验组显著优於对照组，对前测分数较低学生而言，则是对照组显著优於实验组；在「持续性注意力」方面，后测成绩为实验组显著优於对照组；在多向度注意力量表「总分」方面，后测成绩为实验组显著优於对照组。

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公司产品如下：1、交直流试验变压器、控制箱及控制台、直流高压发生器、大电流发生器、三倍频电源发生器、交直流高压测量装置、干式隔离变压器。2、氧化锌避雷器测试仪、继电保护校验仪、直流电阻测试仪、绝缘油介电强度测试仪、介质损耗测试仪、绝缘油介质损耗测试仪、变压器有载开关测试仪。3、钳型接地电阻测试仪、接地电阻表、绝缘电阻测试仪、开关机械特性测试仪、回路电阻测试仪、真空度测试仪。4、电缆故障测试仪（笔记本电脑、液晶、显象管三种显示）、数显同步定点仪、电缆识别仪、电缆试扎器、高压一体化装置、地下管线探测仪、电缆探伤仪、高压电缆探伤仪、直流电桥、直流双臂电桥、变压比电桥。5、本公司还代理国内外多家知名公司的产品例如：日本共立（电动摇表3121、3122、3123、3125等）、日本万用（高压钳型表HCL1000D、HLC9000、HLC5000等）、线缆测高仪、激光测距仪、非金属管线定位系统等等。

The coordinate center of satellite altimetry data was the center of Earth so that the difference between value speed of satellite and the value speed of tide gauge station was correlative with the ground fall at tide gauge.

由于卫星测高数据是严格建立在地心坐标基础上的，因此二者的差异在很大程度上应与验潮站所在地点的地面沉降有关。

It is noteworthy that the sea surface average rise speed value computed of Wusong tide gauge station in Shanghai city corrected by the round fall was 0.43mm/a above that computed from satellite data.

由于卫星测高数据是严格建立在地心坐标基础上的，因此二者的差异在很大程度上应与验潮站所在地点的地面沉降有关。

Examine from satellite altimetery data inshore absolute sea of area change data and with testing, may is it tide gauge station where one stays coast absolute land change information to obtain.

从卫星测高数据序列中提取近海区域的绝对海面变化数据并且与临近的验潮站相对海面变化数据进行对比，有可能获取验潮站所在海岸地带的绝对地面变化信息。

Our work in this paper not only develops new ionospheric HF sounding and diagnosis system for ionospheric disturbances, which is an effective method to monitor ionospheric disturbances in real time and study the dispersion relationship of AGW, but also gives a new way to investigate the ionospheric storms and the coupling between ionosphere and thermosphere.

本文工作的研究成果不仅推动了电离层高频探测与诊断工作的发展，而且为观测研究声重波在真实大气中色散关系提供了有效手段，同时也为利用数字测高仪研究电离层暴以及电离层与热层的耦合等问题提供了一种新思路。

In the upper atmosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere. At present, there are a variety of advanced ground based instruments, such as proton magnetometer, fluxgate magnetometer, Digisonde, GPS ionospheric TEC and scintillation monitor, HF Doppler, all-sky meteor radar and airglow imager etc. The data monitoring and processing center can monitor the observation instrument working state in all stations and collect and process data through Internet. Some of processing data results can be published on the web near real time( http://space.iggcas.ac.cn ).

目前，台链拥有质子磁力仪，磁通门磁力仪，电离层数字测高仪， GPS TEC 和电离层闪烁监测仪，高频多普勒探测仪，全天空流星雷达和气辉成像观测仪等多种先进的地基空间环境综合观测设备，台链监控和数据中心对各台站观测仪器和数据状态进行监控，观测数据实时传输到台链数据中心进行处理和保存，并在互联网上实时发布（网址： http：//space.iggcas.ac.cn ）。

The problem of the altitude measurement in VHF radar is the low elevation angle estimation.

米波雷达的测高问题实质是低仰角的估计问题。

Comparing the results with the observed value of ionosonde measured in Wuhan, we find that this model can objectively describe the actual situation in the mid_latitude ionospheric E layer.

将模式的计算结果与武汉地区测高仪的观测数据进行比较，结果证明模式能够较为客观地反映中纬电离层E层的实际形态。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。