测量误差

The experimental results indicate that the instrument error can be more completely separated using the researched method in the paper. So, the precision measurement for the cylindricity error can be realized.

实验结果表明，本文提出的圆柱度误差分离及重构方法可以比较完整地分离出仪器误差，从而实现圆柱度误差的精密测量。

The cylindricity could be calculated by least squares method and wavelet error separation method that the measurement error could be decomposed by Harmonic analysis algorithm based on wavelet theory.

针对激光 CCD 灵敏度高，干扰噪声容易混入测量数据中的问题，提出了一种基于小波分析的误差分离方法，即运用谐波分析的思想方法和小波理论中多频率分析算法进行误差分离，误差分离后的数据用最小二乘法处理求出圆柱度。

Aiming at precision measurement of cylindricity,this paper puts forward a kind of method which can sep- arate the cross- section roundness error,the radius error of different cross sections,the initial coordinates of least square centers of measured cross sections and can reconstruct the pattern of the measured cylinder,i.

本文针对圆柱度误差的精密测量，提出了一种可分离截面圆度误差、截面半径差和截面最小二乘圆心初始位置并重构出被测圆柱形貌的方法，即三点法圆柱度误差分离与重构技术。

In Fourier transform profilometry,because of the nonlinear relationship between the irradiant incident upon a CCD dete ctor andthe voltage it outputs,it will cause phase evaluation errors.Here,we ex plain the errorsource by theoretical deducing,then make a simulation.At last,a method to decrease thiserror is put forward.

文摘：在傅里叶变换轮廓术中，由于CCD探测器光电响应的非线性，将在测量中引入高次项，从而对相位的求解造成较大误差，通过理论的推导定性地解释了误差的来由，并用计算机进行了模拟计算，最后提出了减小误差的方法。

In Fourier transform profilometry,because of the nonlinear relationship between the irradiant incident upon a CCD dete ctor andthe voltage it outputs,it will cause phase evaluation errors.Here,we ex plain the errorsource by theoretical deducing

文摘：在傅里叶变换轮廓术中，由于CCD探测器光电响应的非线性，将在测量中引入高次项，从而对相位的求解造成较大误差，通过理论的推导定性地解释了误差的来由，并用计算机进行了模拟计算，最后提出了减小误差的方法。

Currently, almost all the corrections of radar wave refraction error are based on the assumption that the atmosphere is homogeneous in the horizontal direction, and the azimuth error in the measurement of radar is not corrected.

目前进行的雷达电波折射误差修正，几乎都是建立在假设大气在水平方向均匀的条件下，认为雷达测量的方位角无折射误差，其对于下垫面均匀的平坦地区是可行的，但下垫面复杂地区方位角的折射误差必须修正。

From the experiment and analysis, it can be seen that friction limits realization of high accuracy electro-hydraulic position servo system, movement of any gimbal brings disturbance moment to servo system of other gimbals and the disturbance moment causes error, and, resolution ratio error and setting error of feedback measurement element are directly added to servo system output.

通过实验和仿真可以看出，摩擦阻碍了转台电液位置伺服系统商精度控制的实现，任何一个框架的运动都会对其余框架的伺服驱动系统产生干扰力矩并引起伺服系统误差，反馈测量元件的分辨率误差和安装误差直接反映在伺服系统输出上，对伺服系统的精度有直接影响。

The quantizing error, linear error and differential linear error of an A/D converter were deduced, after that the error model of synchronous sampling, asynchronous sampling and quasi-synchronous sampling algorithms used in power measurement wens build in condition that A/D was not perfect.

建立了该两种乘法器的物理模型，数学模型和误差仿真模型，全面地分析了各种参量对其交流功率测量的原理误差和仪器误差的影响，并给出了定量的结果。

The measurement comprehensive precision evaluating formula considering the weight of baseline observation is put forward in the paper.By checking calculation and analysis,the views on those problems have been proved to be reasonable and representative,and it can be used to revise and to complete the corresponding standards.

其中的( 1 )和( 2 )类误差在仪器检测时表现为加、乘常数及其检测误差，它是文献［1，2，3］规定的必检项目，也是影响测距精度的主要误差源，因此必须对新的和使用中的EDM 的常数进行定期检测，并用检测值对距离观测值施加有效的改正，以保证和提高距离测量的精度。

A new technique,"Curvature Method", recognizing edges of gear cutters is introduced, the tracking principle for scanning edge profile of gear cutter is developed and a robust method is proposed to automatically distinguish boundary points of assessing region.

系统地研究了螺旋曲面特征线的测量原理，建立了特征线的误差模型，给出了相应的误差评定方法；并首次将特征线误差划分为三种基本形态，同时给出了各形态的数学模型。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。