测量误差

In this paper, the sine and cosine shaped sensors have been designed by using the integral characteristics of PVDF piezoelectric film. The sine PVDF sensor can be used alone to measure the displacement, speed, acceleration, stain, stress of the roof beam vibration; the cosine PVDF sensor can be used alone to measure the angular displacement and shear of the roof beam vibration; by using them jointly , the structural intensity can be measured for the roof beam without any finite differential error.

本文利用PVDF压电薄膜独特的积分特性，设计制作了正弦形状和余弦形状传感器，它们单独使用，正弦形状的PVDF传感器可以用来测量梁振动的位移、速度、加速度、应变、应力、弯矩；余弦形状的PVDF传感器可以测量振动梁的角位移和剪力；配对使用它们，可以用来测量梁的结构声强，用它们测量结构声强时不会产生有限差分误差。

Finally,an autocollimator and a high precise measuring head were used in the m...

用自准直平行光管和高精度测量头分别检测了平台的位移直线度和升、降位移误差，实验结果得出，该机构的位移直线度误差小于1，升、降位移误差小于0.02 mm，达到了平台设计要求。

Finally,an autocollimator and a high precise measuring head were used in the measurement of the displacement straighness and the the error of the lifting displacement,respectively.

用自准直平行光管和高精度测量头分别检测了平台的位移直线度和升、降位移误差，实验结果得出，该机构的位移直线度误差小于1，升、降位移误差小于0.02 mm，达到了平台设计要求。

Finally, an autocollimator and a high precise measuring head were used in the measurement of the displacement straighness and the the error of the lifting displacement, respectively. The experiment results show that the error of the displacement straighness is smaller than 1 and the error of the lifting displacement is less than 0.02 mm, which shows that the structure achieves the design desire completely.

用自准直平行光管和高精度测量头分别检测了平台的位移直线度和升、降位移误差，实验结果得出，该机构的位移直线度误差小于1，升、降位移误差小于0.02 mm，达到了平台设计要求。

To improve the accuracy, as to the hardware, the quality of composite polymer films and adjustment of light path were controlled strictly, including cleanout of base, synthesis of solvent, filtering of solvent, preparation of the films and control of picturing. As to the process of picturing, adding gauge, foreground and background, many exposals in same angle were used, and the area of the films to measure was also chosen. As to software, picture analysis was mainly used to improve accuracy.

为了提高测量精度，在硬件方面严格控制复合聚合物薄膜的质量和光路的调整，包括：基片的清洗、溶液的配制、溶液的过滤、薄膜的制备、和摄像的控制等等，在采集图像的过程中，通过加标尺、测量前景和背景、同一角度下的多次曝光、薄膜测量区域的选择等等措施来消除误差；在软件方面提高测量精度方法主要采用图像处理的方法，并用自编的软件处理数据。

Firstly, the principle and the calculation method of the gravity ac-celerometer were introduced in this article. Then, an example based on the error computational model of the platform's gr...

文中介绍了利用重力传感器测量平台倾斜度的工作原理和计算方法，并以舰船锚泊时平台水平度误差的解算数学模型为例，分析了舰艇纵横摇对水平度测量的影响，以此来阐述重力传感器水平度测量仪的测量计算方法。

A"white light"interferent system is completed in this paper. The conventional methods, which gauge polarized mode by measuring the light intensity, is of intrinsic errors because of the limit in theory and technology. And the precision of measurement result is confined to the precision of devices used in the measurement system.

以光强测定为基础的传统测量方法，在运用到光纤及光纤器件的偏振态测量时，由于原理和技术实现方面的限制，测量结果的精度受制于测量系统中所用器件的精度，并且带有较大误差，测量精度不高。

The problem of how to correct the profiles of roller gear cam is studied.The function of CMM is studied according to the CMM that is owned by Engineering training center. A method of using CMM to measure surface error of roller gear cam is researched.

结合工程训练中心现有的三坐标测量机设备，仔细研究了三坐标测量机所能实现的测量功能，提出了一种用三坐标测量机测量弧面分度凸轮轮廓面误差的方法。

This paper is on the basis of principle of trigonal height measurement of total station,combined working practice,and analyzed the influence to trigonal height measurement precision of total station by the law of error propagation,we concluded the factors influence the precison of trigonal height survey of total station,so as to call attention to us in our jobs.

根据全站仪三角高程测量原理，结合工作实践，通过误差传播定律对影响全站仪三角高程测量精度进行分析，找出影响全站仪三角高程测量精度的因素，以便在测量工作中能够提高测量精度。

A series of computer vision algorithms applied in the research is developed. The formation of gray level image and digital image are described. An image enhancement algorithm based on the histogram transformation is developed to improve the sight effect. A fast edge detector with simple structure is designed. A Laplacian-of-Gaussian filter is designed to simulate the visual properties of the human eyes. A corresponding edge detecting template is presented and the detecting results are discussed.

建立了道路交通事故现场勘察的计算机视觉实用系统，设计了功能较为完善的软件操作系统，设计制造了现场测量用的标定装置，分析了保证测量精度的技术方法，通过室外测量获得了相对误差为千分之八的测量精度；完成了符合国家标准要求的事故报告和事故现场平面图的输出，并利用开发的实用系统对实际现场进行了测量和分析。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。