测量深度

Moreover, to the surface measured not parallel with the video gauge, the depth focus method was described which was based on Focused Image Surface and Shape-Form-Focus .

另外，对于与视觉坐标测量机的测头测量平面不平行的表面，本文设计了调焦形貌法和正焦图像表面相结合的深度聚焦方法。

Methods: The parameters of patellofemoral joints (normal group: 30; abnormal group: 20) were studied at the 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 degrees of flection with MR in axial plane and MPW, LPA, FTA, PTA, FTD were measured, then, compared in the normal and abnormal ups.

对两组（正常组30个，病例组20个）膝关节分别在被动屈曲0，6，12，18，24，30，36下进行轴位动态MRI检查，测量髌骨最大径，外侧髌股角，股骨滑车沟角，髌骨倾斜角，股骨滑车沟深度，分别比较正常组及病例组在七个不同屈曲角度下各测量参数的差异性。

The surface subsidence in the Yellow River delta foreland area brings changes to the land surface height there,and the depth datum in the bathymetric survey is determined on the basis of the level of land bench mark,so the changes in the level of land bench mark will affect the determination of depth datum and the accuracy of bathymetric survey.

又由于黄河海港附近有一无潮点，其附近的潮汐性质变化大，在黄河三角洲前沿大范围水深测量中，根据测区潮位变化设立足够的验潮站及统一各个验潮站的水尺零点到同一个深度基准面上，是保证水深测量结果可靠的关键。

Bathymetry is the measurement of the depths of oceans, seas or other large bodies of water.

海底测量是一种测量大洋、大海和其它宽广水域深度的方法

Distances between the cornea and the PIOL-optic edge and between the PIOL. optic and the crystalline lens were evaluated using Scheimpflug photography 6 months postoperatively. The degree of IOL decentration, tilt and ACD was measured I day and 1, 3and 6 months after surgery.

术后6个月全部患者行Pentacam检查，测量VRSM50和VRSM60两组不同类型虹膜夹型PIOL中央和周边部与角膜内皮和自然晶体之间的距离，并测量术后1d、1、3及6个月人工晶状体的偏心量、倾斜度及前房深度值。

The main outcome measures were uncorrected distant visual acuity , best corrected distant visual acuity , uncorrected near visual acuity , distant-corrected near visual acuity , the best corrected near visual acuity , defocus curves and depth of focus, the rate of posterior capsule opacification of the study group, IOL decentration distance of the study group. A questionnaire was applied to evaluate the visual function and rate of spectacles usage.

术后检查内容包括：术后裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力、裸眼近视力、矫正远视力时的近视力、最佳矫正近视力；在两组患眼中选择最佳矫正远视力≥0.9的患眼进行焦点深度及离焦曲线测量；观察实验组后囊膜混浊情况；选取实验组的部分病例进行散瞳裂隙灯照相测量人工晶状体偏中心的距离。

To obtain precise result, itis necessary, in the aspect of hardware, to set up one stable optics system with highSNR, only if so, can we do the measurement with the steady NIR. To do so, we designthe optics system using AOTF, and take some measures to increase the light energyand the system SNR, which includes the three layers structure of the light chamber,the equipments to cover the useless light, polarizing to reduce the influence of 0 gradelight and focalize the light with lens. Apart from the hardware aspect, according to theexperiments, we can see that the different temperatures between at setting up themodels and at predicting the results will affect the prediction results in a way, and theaffection extent will be increased along with the increase of the temperaturedifference. Moreover, the light energy that can be detected will be different with thecontact pressure, and the match of the refractive indexes between the tissue and thesurroundings will enhance the light transmission depth, which will take moreinformation of the tissue. So, during the measurement, we should ensure the sametemperature between measuring and predicting, the same contact pressure at everymeasurement and the match of the indexes between the tissue and the surroundings aspossible as we can.

要提高测量精度，从硬件方面就必须有一个稳定的、信噪比较高的分光光路系统，以此得到稳定的近红外光来进行无创检测，针对这个目的，我们设计了 AOTF 分光光路系统，并在系统中采用一定的措施如三层灯室结构、遮光筒以减小杂散光、起偏和检偏来减小 0 级光影响、透镜汇聚等等来提高出射光的能量和系统的信噪比；从其他影响因素方面，通过实验，我们得到不同的建模温度对于预测结果有一定的影响，且影响随着温度的差值越大而越大，另外散反射光谱的能量也随着接触压力的不同而不同，组织的折射率与环境匹配将加大光的入射深度，从而能携带更多的组织信息，所以在测量时我们尽可能保证同一温度、保证同一接触压力以及利用物理或者化学的方法使组织与环境折射率匹配等。

The physical dimensions from ultrasound and keratometry,included axis length,anterior chamber depth,lens thickness,vitreous length and cornea refractive power.Both axis length and vitreous length were significantly correlated with refraction （correlation coefficient of 0.822 and 0.823,respectively）.

以13～25岁青少年为研究对象，应用眼科A型超声生物测量仪及角膜曲率计，由SAS软件支持，对240例近视眼屈光程度和屈光各要素（眼轴长度、前房深度、晶体厚度、玻璃体腔长度、角膜屈折力）测量值进行分析。

In the soft tissue measurements, the value of soft tissue facial angle and B'-Pos-FH in the first extraction group was less than those in the second extraction group significantly. After treatment all the patients had an increase in S-Ns-Pos angle, soft tissue facial angle, B'-Pos-FH and depth of mentolabial groove. At the same time, soft tissue convexity angle was diminished obviously. But the change was not significant between the two premolar extraction groups.

2在对软组织项目的测量中，治疗前第一前磨牙拔除组的软组织面角、颏沟倾角均小于第二前磨牙拔除组，治疗后2组均出现软组织面凸角减少，颏凸角、软组织面角、颏沟倾角、颏唇沟深度增加；但2组在各项测量项目的变化上无显著组间差别。

The other was observative group of 98 cases,which aceordring to the graph method,calculate the length of the pipe. Then using SPSS 10.00 soft,analysed the data. Results The distance compared the end of the stomach pipe and the point of the middle of the stomach body,the observative group was（- 1.12 ± 1.36） cm,the was 1.31 -5. 6cm. The length in observative group was longer than thatin contrast group , and the variability was minlmum.

国内还有应用胃镜直视测量不同身高患者的门齿至胃粘液池的长度来判定成人置人胃管的长度，但不能代替鼻孔至胃底的长度，为了准确的置人胃管深度，以达到最佳的吸引位置，我们通过由开腹手术医生确认胃管进入胃体中段的最佳长度，再测量胃管长度的方法，对2O0例开腹手术患者胃管长度的比较分析得出，根据英国Scalzo 所提出的图表法鼻胃管插入长度=6.7+[0.26 身高] 』。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。