测量与控制

Depending on network, heart beat detecting and database technique,the system realizes failure detecting,autoalarm and control switch.

介绍了某型综合调查船测量控制系统的热备份软硬件系统的设计与实现，采用网络技术、心跳监测和数据库技术，实现了系统的故障检测、实时报警和自动切换，保证了不间断的高质量数据采集和测量系统的可靠运行。

The results show that the camber deformation may play an important role in lift and drag coefficients. The positive camber deformation of the hindwing during the downstroke generates the vertical force, whereas negative camber deformation of the wing during upstroke generates thrust force. The freely flying dragonfly's hindwings play an important role in providing a stable lift force, and the forewings are very important for controlling flight behavior, such as turning, climbing and so on.

建立了自由飞行昆虫运动测量系统，开发了结合条纹投影和昆虫翅膀特征点测量翅膀变形和身体姿态的方法，首次测到了自由飞行昆虫运动翅膀变形和各种相关角度，速度、加速度，身体位置与姿态，通过分析比较直飞和转弯各个运动参数，认为蜻蜓的飞行控制主要由前翅完成，而后翅主要用于产生升力。

This dissertation involves the study of the growth dynamics of colloidal particles under unequilibrium and irreversibility condition. Firstly, it is of interest to investigate whether the ideal diffusion or reaction-limited aggregation universal behavior can be observed for the initially polydisperse practical system of basic yttrium carbonate as well. The fractal structure of basic yttrium carbonate aggregate cluster was observed using transmission eletron microscopy. The aggregation kinetics of basic yttrium carbonate colloids was studed using dynamic 1ight-scattering techniques. At 1.00mol/l NaCl solution the fast diffusion-limited aggregation behavior was observed with an increase in the aggregate size over time described by a power law. The aggregates are characterized by a fractal dimension D=1.82. The disordered and ramified cluster is consisted of primary colloidal particles and tenuous and more open. These are in good agreement with those observed for other colloidal system such as colloidal gold (1.86), silica (1.85) and polystyrene latex (1.82) in diffusion-limited aggregation from the static and dynamic light scattering by Lin. Therefore ideal diffusion-limited aggregation behavior can be observed in practical polydisperse system as well. Smoluchwski and fractal theories were used to obtain the aggregation rate constant for initially polydisperse system for the first time.

本论文研究胶粒的非平衡不可逆聚集动态学，分为两个部分，第一部分是通过实验研究一个新的初始多分散的碱式碳酸钇胶粒实际体系中，聚集标度性质的普适性，即使用透射电子显微技术观测聚集粒子簇的分形结构，使用动态激光光散射研究碱式碳酸钇胶粒的聚集动力学，胶粒带电而产生静电排斥作用使得碱式碳酸钇胶粒处于稳定状态，当加入电解质NaCl溶液时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒间的Debye-Hückel屏蔽距离缩短，从而降低静电排斥能垒，引起胶粒发生不可逆聚集，加入电解质NaCl的浓度为1.00mol/l时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒进行快速聚集，经历扩散控制聚集机理，形成结构疏松、更为开放的分形聚集粒子簇，其分形维数为1.82，碱式碳酸钇胶粒聚集增长动力学遵循幂函数增长规律，与Lin等使用静态激光光散射和动态激光光散射测量硅胶(1.85)、金胶(1.86)和聚苯乙烯胶乳(1.82)在扩散控制聚集状态形成聚集粒子簇的分形维数值以及粒子簇聚集增长的动力学规律相一致，表明胶粒聚集标度性质的普适性质在初始多分散的实际体系中也是存在的，首次由动态激光光散射的实验数据得到初始多分散胶粒分形粒子簇的聚集速率常数，并且其值与Smoluchowski聚集速率理论预期相符。

In association with the improvement design practices on winding equipment for main cable of large span cable bridges liking Shantou Gulf Bridge, Xiling Yangtse River Bridge and Xiamen Haicang Bridge, some contents are systematically described on the basis of electric control system of ZLC series winding machine for main cable, including mechanism composition of the winding machine for main cable, mathematical relationship between rotation speed of winding system and travel speed of the winding machine, work principle of accurately matching control on the two speeds with PLC and frequency converter, wireless measurement and monitor of winding system tension, automatic override control on cable clamp as well as practical effect of a real bridge application.

结合对汕头海湾大桥、西陵长江大桥和厦门海沧大桥等大跨度悬索桥的主缆缠丝施工设备－主缆缠丝机的改进设计实践，以ZLC系列主缆缠丝机的电气控制系统为基础，系统介绍了主缆缠丝机的机构组成、缠丝系统旋转速度与缠丝机行走速度之间的数学关系、采用PLC及变频器对两速度进行精确匹配控制的工作原理、缠丝系统张力的无线测量、监控、索夹的自动跨越控制以及实桥的应用效果。

Along with of microprocessor of development, the urgent demand have to match with it mutually of connect the issue that ocular exterior measure the equipments directly, root for a living through applied personnel in technique in science, find out a kind of exits already of but the past was output the equipments by the tiny electric current, electric voltage that people neglect, namely the high man in Rogowski electric current spreads to feel machine with divide to press the machine, its output's is several 100 peaceful electric current s/ V electric voltage can control with tiny model protection directly the equipments pick up a people, satisfying the request that protection control measure, and basic dissolves traditional electromagnetism type the electric current, electric voltage feels with each other saturated weakness in machine.

随着微机的发展，迫切要求有配合它的相互连接的问题，眼球的外部测量设备直接，根为口奔驰，通过应用型人才，在技术科学，找到了一种已经退出的，但过去仅仅是输出设备是由微小的电流，电压，人们忽视，即高文在罗柯夫斯基电流差突然觉得机器与隔膜，迫使机，其输出的是几个100和平电流s音频/视频电电压可控制与微小模型直接保护的设备，接了一个人，满足了要求保护控制措施，并基本溶化传统的电磁式电流，电压觉得与对方饱和疲软机器。

The main research is how to control and long term monitor the shaft torsional oscillation. The measurement technique of torsional oscillation is an important link of torsional oscillation control and monitor system and a basement to carry out the corresponding method.

扭振研究的主要内容是如何实现对轴系扭振的控制及长期监测，而扭振的测量技术又是扭振控制和监测系统的重要环节，是扭振控制与监测手段付诸实践的基础。

Periodic fluid pulsation in aeroplane hydraulic piping could induce fluid-construction vibration and lead to fatigue damage. It is impossible to find the error sensor's optimization location because of the pressure standing wave, and the pulsation attenuation effect is not perfect when adopting pulsation attenuation at single point. For this reason, a distributed active control method of fluid pulsation was presented. To avoid stationary point in all aviation states, several fluid pulsation actuators and error pressure sensors were placed along the piping. The second fluid pulsation produced by actuators can counteract the primary pulsation brought by aviation piston pump and make the mean pulsation of whole piping minimum when adopting adaptive feed- forward control and the filtered-X least mean square algorithm.

针对飞机液压能源管路系统中的周期性流体脉动诱发流固耦合振动，导致管路疲劳损伤的问题，针对管路中存在压力驻波特性，在采用单点消振时寻找误差传感器最佳布局位置困难而引起脉动抑制效果不理想的缺点，提出了一种分布式流体脉动主动控制方法，即沿管路不同位置布置多个主动消振阀和误差压力传感器，在任意飞行阶段，避开压力驻波点，以误差压力传感器的脉动测量值为控制目标，采用一种针对周期脉动主动控制的自适应前馈控制法和多通道自适应滤波－X LMS算法，调整控制器参数，使主动消振器产生的次级脉动与管路中的初始脉动相互抵消，达到整个管路中的平均流体脉动最小的效果。

The contents of this dissertation are involved in studies on quasi steady-state condition of a slow speed-varying rotor system, gain-scheduling control of a quasi steady-state rotor active balancing system, adaptive control of active balancing for a fast speed-varying rotor with actuator time delay and adaptive control of active balancing for a fast speed-varying rotor with actuator saturation. The rotors to be studied include a Jeffcott rotor, a Jeffcott rotor with anisotropic bearings, a flexible rotor with single collocated balancing plane (actuator plane and measuring plane are almost the same one) and a flexible rotor with multiple collocated balancing planes.

研究的内容涉及慢变速转子的准稳态条件、变速准稳态转子主动平衡系统的增益调度控制、带作动器时迟的快变速转子主动平衡系统的自适应控制与带作动器饱和的快变速转子主动平衡系统的自适应控制，转子类型包括Jeffcott转子、轴承各向异性的Jeffcott转子、单并置平衡平面(作动器和测量平面几乎在同一个平面)的柔性转子和多并置平衡平面的柔性转子。

Controlled by the computer, the device can transport a sample to be subjected to parameter extraction to the electrical rotation stage through the pipeline system, the CCD imaging system takes the plant image at a single angle, then the images are subjected to image segmentation by the computer, the projection plant height at the angle can be obtained after subjecting the divided binary images to skeleton extraction and leaf path searching, and finally the maximal value of the projection plant heights at all angles is calculated as the plant height.

本发明涉及植物株高自动测量装置及测量方法，本装置包括流水线系统、可见光CCD成像系统、电动旋转台、旋转台控制器、计算机、图像采集卡，电动旋转台依次与旋转台控制器和计算机相连，可见光CCD成像系统依次与图像采集卡和计算机相连，本发明由计算机控制，采用流水线系统，将待提取参数的样品送上电动旋转台，由CCD成像系统拍摄单个角度下的植株图像，由计算机将所得图像进行图像分割，从分割后二值图像经过骨架提取和叶片路径搜索可得到该角度下投影株高，最后求出所有角度下投影株高的最大值作为植株的高度。

To control the temperature of electrode salt bath furnace,installed measure controlling thermometer which used to show temperature on the controlling tank,by compensatory lead joining with thermocouple immerged in the salt groove,can show track record and adjust temperature automatically.

电炉控制柜，以控制电极盐浴炉的温度，控制柜上装有指示温度用的测量控温计，经补偿导线与浸入盐槽中的热电偶相连接，可指示记录及自动调节温度。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。