测定时间

The article reviews the advanced research on screening sheepbreeds with high resistance against fasciolosis. Screening sheep breeds with high resistance against fasciolosis has been tested by measuring parameter of plasma such as packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concen tration, glutamate dehydrogenase, gamma glutamyl transferase and aspartate trans ferase and percent take of metacercariae. High resistance of Indonesian thin tail sheep against Fasciola gigantica has been confirmed. The mechanism of high res istance and the time of killing Fasciola gigantica has also been described.

本文综述了抗片形吸虫病绵羊品种的研究概况，通过红细胞压积、红细胞平均体积、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度、血清谷氨酸脱氢酶、γ谷氨酰胺转移酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶等血液学参数，囊蚴感染成活率的测定等方法来筛选抗片形吸虫病的绵羊品种，研究证明印度尼西亚细尾绵羊对大片吸虫感染具有较高的抵抗力，并概述了其抗虫感染的机制及杀虫作用时间。

Results. Semiquantitative assessment of histologic changes indicated that 4-week-old rabbit was equivalent to fetus to 2-year-old human and 160-week-old rabbit was equivalent to 11- to 30-year-old human, particularly 11- to 16-year-old, which corresponds to transition period from notochordal to fibrocartilaginous NP.

结果：组织学改变上的半定量测定显示，4个月的兔子相当于2岁的孩子，160个月大的兔子相当于11到30岁大的成人，尤其相当于11到16个月大，相对地，这段时间正好是脊索向纤维软骨NP转换的时期。

Results. Semiquantitatie assessment of histologic changes indicated that 4-week-old rabbit was equialent to fetus to 2-year-old human and 160-week-old rabbit was equialent to 11- to 30-year-old human, particularly 11- to 16-year-old, which corresponds to transition period from notochordal to fibrocartilaginous NP.

结果：组织学改变上的半定量测定显示，4个月的兔子相当于2岁的孩子，160个月大的兔子相当于11到30岁大的**，尤其相当于11到16个月大，相对地，这段时间正好是脊索向纤维软骨NP转换的时期。

Based on the high resolution environment magnetism analysis and geomorphy, the following conclusions and new findings are revealed

通过对晚新生代沉积地层高分辨率的环境磁学研究可进一步捕捉重大的环境变化事件，测定其形成的年代及变化，并推测剥蚀面形成和抬升的时间以及确定这些层状地貌形成的时代，进而推演六盘山和青藏高原构造隆升的历史。

There is also 1 % display for measuring rise time on the left edge of the graticule.

此外，在刻度的左端有用以标示测定响应时间的％之记号。

Real-time quantitative pcr, immunohistochemistry, dry-wet weight method, histological techniques and haematoxylin and eosin stain were used to detect expression of icam-1, the change of mrna at different time phases, water containing in the brain tissue and the inflammatory infiltration respectively after diffuse brain injury.

采用marmarou方法获得大鼠弥漫性脑损伤模型，实时定量rt-pcr、s-p免疫组化法分别测定icam-1蛋白和mrna在外伤后不同时间点的表达变化，干湿重法测脑组织含水量，组织切片苏木精-伊红染色观测炎性细胞浸润情况。

Methods The rat models of diffuse brain injury were established by Marmarou's method. Real-time quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, dry-wet weight method, histological techniques and haematoxylin and eosin stain were used to detect expression of ICAM-1, the change of mRNA at different time phases, water containing in the brain tissue and the inflammatory infiltration respectively after diffuse brain injury.

采用Marmarou方法获得大鼠弥漫性脑损伤模型，实时定量RT-PCR、S-P免疫组化法分别测定ICAM-1蛋白和mRNA在外伤后不同时间点的表达变化，干湿重法测脑组织含水量，组织切片苏木精-伊红染色观测炎性细胞浸润情况。

The PSCA_3 fragment was selected for its superior expression level in eukaryotic cells.Then the sig-PSCA_3-Fc-GPI genetic fragment was cloned into pVAX1-neo-IRES-GM/B7 vector to construct the final immunological inhanced DNA vaccine pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to confirm the expression of PSCA_3 fragment by transfected into Cos7 cell.Finally,the anti-tumor effect of pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB was tested in murine prostate cancer model generated by RM-1 cell line.The animal was immunized with pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB DNA vaccine by intramuscular injection plus electroporation,pVAX1 and pVAX1-PSCA_1-FcGB plasmid were used as control.The inhibitory effect of tumor was investigated by observion of forming time,volume and inhibition ratio of tumor.Results:DNA sequencing conformed that the heterological PSCA fusion antigen fragment which was synchronized by overlapping-extending-PCR,was consistent to design.Enzyme digestion analysis showed that the 1 to 4 copies heterological PSCA fusion antigen fragments were constructed successfully.

方法(1)检索GenBank，选择包含人主要T细胞抗原表位序列的人PSCA基因片段，应用异种化抗原设计技术，保留人T细胞抗原表位，设计异种化PSCA融合抗原片段；(2)根据核酸序列按中心模板法设计引物，应用重叠延伸PCR技术拼接合成异种化PSCA融合抗原片段基因，以PCR、限制性酶切和DNA序列测定法进行鉴定：(3)利用DNA限制性内切酶BssHⅡ和MluⅠ酶切后粘端互补的特点，采用同尾酶法构建1—4拷贝异种化PSCA融合抗原片段(PNCA_1-PSCA_4)，并将上述片段分别插入真核表达载体pCI-neo-Fc-GPI中，转染293T细胞，借助免疫荧光+流式细胞术考察插入片段表达效率，最终选定PSCA_3片段进行下一步研究；(4)将sig-PSCA_3-Fc-GPI基因片段自pCI-PSCA_3-Fc-GPI质粒上切下，插入pVAX1-neo-IRES—GM/B7载体中，构建免疫增效DNA疫苗pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB，并应用转染Cos7细胞+免疫荧光/流式细胞术方法鉴定其在真核细胞中的表达情况；(5)给8周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠皮下种植RM-1细胞，制备小鼠前列腺癌模型，并采用股四头肌肌肉注射+电脉冲法(Electroporation，EP)接种DNA疫苗质粒pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB，同时接种pVAX1空载体质粒和pVAX1-PSCA_1-FcGB质粒作为对照，通过观察计算免疫动物的成瘤时间、肿瘤体积和抑瘤率，来评价该DNA疫苗在小鼠体内的抑瘤效果。

Methods A rabbit was celiac-perfused by 5-Fu 100mg/Kg.Then assayed the durg concentrations of janitrix,abdominal aorta,peripheral venous,hydroperitoneum and tissues of liver and kidney by liquid chromatography in specific time;60 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma were radomized into experimental group and placebo group .

实验用家兔腹腔内注入5- Fu 100mg/kg，分别于设定时间抽取门静脉，腹主动脉，外周静脉血，腹腔液，肝、肾组织标本采用高效液相色谱法测定药物浓度；选择中晚期失去手术机会的临床确诊原发性肝癌病人60例，随机分组为实验组（行肝动脉化疗栓塞术中联合腹腔序贯化疗）和对照组（单纯行肝动脉化疗栓塞术）。

Then the following properties of the bovine calcined bone slices were tested: porosity rate, hydrophilism, density, bending strength, mineral composition and heat analysis.

将40mm×5mm×2.5mm骨条按不同温度、时间进行烩煅烧处理后，进行气孔率、吸水率、体积密度、抗折强度的测定，以及差热分析、材料矿物组成分析。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。