测向

The students were to serve as runners, telephonists and in similar positions, but also on direction finders, sound detectors and range finders, searchlights and conversion tables.

学生们担任传令员、电话接线员等类似的职位，同时也有担任操作测向仪、听音器、测距仪、探照灯及图表标注等职位。

The main job and contribution of this paper are as follows:Based on narrowband signal processing, we propose a new method for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation. Firstly, compute the cross-correlation function of FH signals from multichannels, then we get the cross power spectral density matrixCSDM Secondly, select the hops of FH signals from the CSDM via processing and analyzing the CSDM, meanwhile reduce the influence coming from noise, fixed frequency signal and other interferences; Lastly, estimating the DOA of every hop and according to the DOA, we can separate the hops, get the number of FH signals and their parameters. Propose a new method for designing the threshold in FH signal detection. This method makes it easy to get the threshold by theoretic computing and it can extremely reduce the interference of non-FH signals.Based on broadband signal processing, we propose a new method for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation. Firstly, get the DOA of the signals by wideband spatial spectrum estimation; secondly, separate the signals by spatial filtering using wideband beamformer; Lastly, we propose two methods for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation, one is for several constant hop-rate FH signals whose dwell-time are different and another is for a single FH signal whose hop-rate is alterable.By employing spatial interpolation in broadband signal beamforming, it can reduce the number of antenna elements and corresponding RF modules, A/D converters, etc. It can also eliminate the mutual coupling between antenna elements while getting the narrower main beamwidth and lower sidelobe level.

本文的主要研究工作和贡献如下：●提出了一种基于窄带处理的FH信号盲检测和参数盲估计的实现方法，即首先求出多路信号之间的互相关，进而得到互功率谱密度矩阵，然后通过对CSDM进行对折处理来抑制噪声、定频信号及其他干扰的影响，并将所有属于FH信号的hop(每一跳的驻留时间在时频图上持续的线段)从CSDM中筛选出来，最后用阵列信号处理中的到达方向估计理论在频域中估计出各个hop的方向参数，利用方位信息完成FH信号分离并得到FH信号的数目及其各自的参数集；●提出了一种确定FH信号检测门限的策略，该策略不仅使得检测门限能够通过理论计算得到，而且还显著地抑制了非跳频信号的干扰，从而能有效地检测出FH信号；●提出了一种基于宽带处理的短波FH信号盲检测和参数盲估计的实现方法，即首先利用宽带空间谱测向技术得到接收信号的DOA，然后采用宽带波束形成技术对特定方向进行空间滤波，实现多个信号的分离，最后分别提出了两种FH信号的盲检测和参数盲估计方法，第一种方法适用于空间某个特定方向上存在着几个驻留时间不同的恒跳速FH信号和其他干扰信号的混合信号，第二种方法适用于空间某个特定方向上仅含一个可变跳速的FH信号和噪声的混合信号；●将空间插值的概念和宽带波束形成技术结合起来，提出了一种基于频域处理的宽带恒定束宽的波束形成方法。

The depth of a stone measured from the table to the culet, expressed as a percentage of the stone's diameter at the girdle, is a relationship used in the analysis of the proportions of a fashioned diamond.

深度石头从表测向culet，所占百分比石头的直径在腰带，是关系用于分析一个精致的钻石比重。

Bearing time difference location ; buffering operator ; data fusion

测向时差定位；缓冲算子；数据融合

At the first, the principle of the direction finder is discussed and its system configuration is introduced.

本文首先论述了该定向仪的原理及系统组成，之后又介绍了该定向仪的设计工作并进行了较为全面的误差分析。8940定向仪的一个突出特点是采用了数字采样方式对副载波进行解调而获得多普勒测向信息。

Finally, the way of how to compile an algorithm that is programmed by MATLAB into a COM component is introduced, as well as the algorithm of interferometer direction finder.

最后，介绍了如何将MATLAB编写的算法编译成COM组件供应用软件调用的方法，并对使用的相位干涉仪测向算法进行了详细的分析研究，实现了基于COM组件的仿真模块。

A direction finder that gives a bearing by determining the direction of incoming radio signals.

通过观察输入无线电信号来源的方向来判定方位的测向器。

Early radio direction finder is a radio navigation equipment.

无线电测向仪是早期的一种无线电导航设备。

The hardware of this system consists of antenna array, Doppler direction finder, system controller and display. The software-work mode controller, data processing and angle display.

整套系统的硬件部分包括天线阵、多普勒无线电测向仪、控制电路板和显示电路板，软件部分包括工作模式控制部分、数据处理部分和角度显示部分。

Thirdly, for the hardware based on PCI bus this paper designed the application software which is used for speech monitor. For the the hardware based on PCI-Express bus this paper design the application software which is used for interferometer direction finder.

其次，针对基于PCI接口的侦收系统的应用场合，设计了应用于语音信号监听的应用软件，并对该软件的设计做出了详细的分析；针对基于PCI-Express接口的侦收系统的应用场合，设计了应用于信号后期测向处理的应用软件。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。