浅浅地

In this paper we combining connecting tunnel project of Subway Line 4 at Xidan-lingjing bystreet in Beijing. To aim at the difficulties of building large-span connecting tunnels in the fine sand layer, through roads and underground pipelines, construction nearby buildings and other project difficulties. Using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, field tests and other research methods to comprehensive and systemic research the stratum deformation mechanism and process control techniques of shallow excavation method, and a series of results were obtained. Firstly, use the stochastic media theory to analyze the stratum deformation mechanism, concretely analyze the analytic equation of surface horizontal displacement and deformation which were caused by the excavation of single-hole and double-hole tunnel, and further discussion on ground settlement, vertical deformation, surface horizontal displacement and horizontal deformation. Analyzing the main influence factors of surface displacement, and combined with practical work to proof the theory which was applied to shallow buried single-hole tunnel in fine sand layer was scientific.

本文结合北京地铁四号线西单～灵境胡同渡线隧道工程，针对在粉细砂地层中修建大跨渡线隧道，下穿道路和地下管线，临近建筑物施工等工程难点，利用理论分析、数值模拟、和现场监测等多种研究手段，对浅埋暗挖隧道地层变位机理及控制技术，深入地进行全面和系统的研究，并取得以下成果：(1)引入随机介质理论，对地层变位机理进行了分析，具体分析了单、双孔隧道开挖引起的地表位移及变形的解析方程，并深入探讨了地表沉降、垂直变形、地表水平位移和水平变形的特点，同时分析了影响地表位移的主要因素，并结合工程实例，佐证该理论应用于粉细砂地层浅埋暗挖单孔地铁隧道的科学性。

In this paper which is based on the project of Beijing Geotechnical Institute——"Geothermal Energy Perambulation and Estimation of GSHP System in Olympic Forest Park", In-Situ testing of shallow ground TC has been carried out.

本文依托北京市勘察设计研究院"奥林匹克森林公园地源热泵系统浅层地热能勘查与评价"项目，采用浅层土壤热物性现场测试的方法，获得大量的现场数据。

Reconnoitre, prove this field shallow soil layer on layer bear the weight of strength and can respond to the request that the top load and leave poaching layer out of shape to the weakness, possess and adopt the shallow basic condition of natural foundation, it is a bar foundation of natural foundation that this field is adoptable.

勘察证明本场地浅层的土层的承载力能满足上部荷载对软弱下卧层变形的要求，具备采用天然地基浅基础条件，本场地可采用的是天然地基条形基础。

Hydrochemistry and stable isotope of groundwater was systematically analyzed by AquaChem and Grapher in this paper. Combining with topography and hydrology condition, this paper analyzed thoroughly different recharge source of groundwater in different area, and found out the hydraulic contact between Karst groundwater and shallow groundwater.

本文利用水化学和氢氧稳定同位素分析数据，借助AquaChem软件和Grapher软件，结合当地地形和水文条件，系统地分析了岩溶地下水和浅层地下水的水文地球化学演化特征，分析了不同地段地下水的补给来源，揭示了浅层地下水与岩溶地下水的水力联系。

This paper is devoted to the research of the detection of small target buried shallowly.

本文主要研究合成孔径探地雷达浅地层探测应用中的浅埋小目标的探测的信号处理方法。

In the shallow layer detection, the detection of small target buried shallowly requires more complex signal processing method.

而在浅地层探测中，地雷等浅埋小目标的探测，对浅地层探地雷达的信号处理方法提出了更高的要求。

The entrance section of FuXi Double-arched Tunnel is modeled in the fact of factual shallow buried and unsymmetrical pressure condition. Adopting the three heading construction method to simulate twelve kinds of construction projects, confirm reasonable construction orders and left and right tunnel face interval, systematically analyze and research the changing law of the tunnel deformation and surrounding rock stress in soft and cracked condition of surrounding rock,bring forward pertinent advices against construction disease; Build the deep buried tunnel model in middle section of tunnel , separately adopt the central heading bench cut benching method and the central heading full cross method to simulate ten kinds of construction projects, establish the reasonable construction orders, sidestep length and tunnel face interval, which are due to the deep buried tunnel, systematically analyze and research the change law of the tunnel deformation and surrounding rock stress in the section with good surrounding rock condition, bring forward the reasonable construction projects which can make sure of construction safety and save construction time; Because the central wall is disturbed many times during constructing process, its displacement and stress distribution is very complex.

富溪隧道进口段依照实际的浅埋偏压状况建立模型，采用三导洞法开挖模拟了12种方案，确定了合理的施工顺序和左右主洞掌子面错距，系统地分析研究了软弱破碎围岩浅埋偏压段施工的隧道变形和围岩应力变化规律，提出了防止施工病害的针对性建议；洞身段按深埋隧道建立模型，分别采用中导洞台阶法和中导洞全断面法模拟了10种方案，确立了适合深埋隧道的合理施工顺序、台阶长度和掌子面错距，系统分析研究了围岩较好深埋段施工的隧道变形和围岩应力变化规律，提出了兼顾施工安全和节省工期的合理施工方案；由于受到多次扰动，中隔墙的位移和应力变化规律较为复杂，通过对各种方案的对比分析，得出了中隔墙在施工不同阶段的位移变化规律、应力变化规律和应力分布规律，尤其对于浅埋偏压段隧道施工时中隔墙位移和应力变化规律做了深入研究，提出了合理的施工建议。

Based on these parameters,cross plot technique and mathematical statistics analysis are used to establish norms and methods for effectively and visually identifying shallow gas zone.

并在此基础上，应用交会技术和数理统计方法建立了有效地快速直观显示浅气层的标准和方法，为应用老井资料识别浅气层提供了科学依据。

It experienced two stages of basin-forming structural transformation, giving rise to the deep- and shallow-level systems of overlapped faults in the north of the Taibei uplift: the deep-level fault system is a basement thrust one marked by a combination of thrusts and backthrusts, and the shallow-level fault system is a normal fault one, marked by a combination of grabens and horsts.

经过两期成盆构造变革阶段，塔北隆起北部垂向上叠加深，浅层两组断裂系统：深层断裂系统为基底逆冲断裂，发育冲断构造，背冲构造组合；浅层断裂系统为正断层，发育地堑，地垒构造样式组合。

Yellow skin can wear clothing, or yellow ivory in the buff into light gray, not only make skin appear yellow, on the contrary, buff and shallow gray complement each other, and will properly reflect yellow skin tender and delicate, of primitive simplicity.

黄皮肤可穿乳白色或浅黄色服装，如果在浅黄色里融进浅灰色，不但不会使肤色显得黄，相反，浅黄色和浅灰色相互补充，会恰到好处地体现黄皮肤的清丽、古朴和柔美。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。