流感

Epiglottitis is usually caused by the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae B, although sometimes it is caused by other bacteria and viruses such as the parainfluenza virus or a streptococcal infection.

会厌炎通常是由细菌流感嗜血杆菌乙，虽然有时这是所造成的其他细菌及病毒等作为副流感病毒，或链球菌感染。

Several dozen researchers, led by Rebecca Garten of America's Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, sequenced full or partial genomes of 76 samples of the new virus, which has afflicted almost 13,000 people around the world so far.

在四月份出现了一种具有大规模流行病爆发可能性的流感病毒，我们一般把它称之为&猪流感&，这是因为这种病毒和存在于猪体内的A/H1N1病毒类似。

Because swine are natural mixing vessels for influenza strains from different species (hence the hotchpotch found by Dr Garten and her colleagues), the fear is that a deadlier form could emerge and jump back into humans.

由于猪是各物种流感病毒的天然交汇所（这就解释了加藤博士及其同事所发现的大杂烩），人们开始担心，更加致命的流感变种可能还会出现并回归人类。

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae isolated from child carriers in Dongguan and the antibiotic resistance profile.

目的 总结和分析东莞地区学龄前健康儿童鼻咽部携带肺炎链球菌和流感嗜血菌情况和对常用抗生素耐药特点，为预防儿童肺炎链球菌和流感嗜血菌感染和合理利用抗生素提供参考。

Results 761 strains were isolated from 722 patients (50.1%) of which, 170 (22.3%) were Klebsiella pneumoniae, 130 (17.1%) were Escherichia coli, 89 (11.7%) were Streptococcus pneumoniae, 63 (8.3%) were Staphylococcus aureus, 60 (7.9%) were Hemophilus influenzae and Hemophilus parainfluenzae.

结果 1441例病人中，722例检出细菌共761株，分离阳性率为50.1%，分离菌依次为肺炎克雷伯菌170株(22.3%)、大肠埃希菌130株(17.1%)、肺炎链球菌89株(11.7%)、金黄色葡萄球菌63株(8.3%)及流感和副流感嗜血杆菌60株(7.9%)。

The detection rates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae were 15.9% and 84.3%, respectively. The prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Serratia spp and Enterobacter cloacae were 31.2%, 46.2%, 94.8% and 16.8% respectively. The resistance rates of Hemophilus influenzae and Hemophilus parainfluenzae to ampicilin were 40% and 36% respectively.

耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为15.9%；对青霉素不敏感的肺炎链球菌（包括PISP和PRSP）检出率为84.3%；肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、粘质沙雷菌和阴沟肠杆菌产ESBLs的检出率分别为31.2%、46.2%、94.8%和16.8%；流感嗜血杆菌和副流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率为36%和40%；铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼复合不动杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率分别为10.7%和13.2%。

Methods From Feb 2006 to Jun 2006,188 hospitalized children in Shenzhen children s hospital, were collected deep tracheal aspirate at the time of hospitalization. The respiratory tract secretions were immediately sent for bacterial culture with 3 kinds of medium:ordinary medium, Hemophilus influenzae selective medium, Streptococcus penumoniae selective medium. Then we extracted the total nucleic acids from secretions, and detected Mycoplasma pneumoniae by single fluorescent quantitation PCR. Simultaneously, 14 respiratory tract pathogenic bacterium and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were detected by Target Enriched multiplex PCR. Amplification products were identified by the Luminex100 suspension array.

确诊为社区获得性肺炎的患儿188例，在入院当天采集深部呼吸道吸引物，用普通培养基和肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌选择性培养基进行细菌培养，然后提取深部呼吸道吸引物中病原体的DNA，采用荧光定量单PCR的方法检测肺炎支原体，并对同一标本采用靶序列富集多重PCR技术同时扩增肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、嗜肺军团菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼氏不动杆菌、脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、奇异变形杆菌、化脓链球菌、粪肠球菌及屎肠球菌14种呼吸道病原菌和肺炎支原体的靶基因，扩增产物用Luminex100多功能悬浮点阵仪检测。

Methods Animal models of Influenza were made by H1N1 Influenza virus of FM1 and were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,Virazole group,Guizhi decoction group,Mahuang decoction,Guizhi Mahuang each half decoction group.

方法用甲1亚型流感病毒 FM1株建立小鼠流感动物模型。

First, after contracting flu, has the complication risk high crowd, including 6 months to 5 year-old babies and infants; 60 year-old above old person; Contracts the chronic pulmonary tuberculosis, cardiovascular illness to get sick, the nephrosis, the liver disease, the nosohemia or the metabolic illness get sick the adult and the child; Has the immunosuppression condition adult and the child, including because of takes immunosuppression which the medicine or the AIDS virus infection cause; Contracts the adult who and the child for a long time nervous system illness gets sick (for example cognition barrier, spinal cord damage, epilepsy or other nerve muscle illness sickness and so on); Accepts the aspirin treatment for a long time child and young people (6 months to 18 years old); Lives for a long time in the home for the elderly, the sanatorium and other chronic illness sickness nursing organization personnel; Preparation female who is pregnant in flu season.

一是患流感后发生并发症风险较高的人群，包括6个月到5岁的婴幼儿；60岁以上的老人；患有慢性肺病、心血管疾病、肾病、肝病、血液病或代谢性疾病的成人和儿童；有免疫抑制状况的成人和儿童，包括因服用药物或艾滋病病毒感染而导致的免疫抑制；长期患有神经系统疾病的成人和儿童(如认知障碍、脊髓损伤、癫痫或其他神经肌肉疾病等)；长期接受阿司匹林治疗的儿童和青少年(6个月到18岁)；长期居住在敬老院、疗养院和其他慢性疾病护理机构的人员；准备在流感季节怀孕的女性。

French Minister of Health, homes on the 1st olona Torkan said that France has confirmed two cases of influenza A H1N1 influenza cases, this is the first time in France confirmed cases of this virus.

法国卫生部长罗斯利娜。巴舍洛。纳尔坎1日说，法国已经确诊2例甲型H1N1流感病例，这是法国首次确诊这种流感病例。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。