流域

Especially the anabranch water level is raisen great and the flow speed slow down obviously for holded up by the Yangtze River, and the rate of water eutrophication is raisen. The thesis chose the typical branch river, Xiaojiang river, to sample and research the eutrophication degree , and discover that the eutrophication of branch river are serious.

本论文主要选择了典型消落带断面，分析了浮游生物种类，并以典型流域——小江流域，对该流域的消落带水体的富营养化程度进行了调查、采样、监测和分析，并运用模糊数学理论建立了评价模型，对消落带水体的富营养化程度进行了评判，发现蓄水后长江支流富营养化现象较为严重。

These projects are: the "three norths" shelterbelts (the western area of Northeast, and the northern parts of North and Northwest China), the shelterbelts along the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the coastal shelterbelts, the plain farmland shelterbelts, the Taihang Mountains afforestation project, the anti-desertification project, the shelterbelts for comprehensive control in the Huaihe River and Taihu Lake basins, the shelterbelts for comprehensive control in the Pearl River basin, the shelterbelts for comprehensive control in the Liaohe River basin, and the shelterbelts along the middle reaches of the Yellow River.

这些工程是："三北"（东北西部、华北北部、西北地区）防护林体系工程、长江中上游防护林体系工程、沿海防护林体系工程、平原农田防护林体系工程、太行山绿化工程、防治沙漠化工程、淮河太湖流域综合治理防护林体系工程、珠江流域综合治理防护林体系工程、辽河流域综合治理防护林体系工程、黄河中游防护林体系工程。

These projects are: the ''three norths'' shelterbelts (the western area of Northeast, and the northern parts of North and Northwest China), the shelterbelts along the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the coastal shelterbelts, the plain farmland shelterbelts, the Taihang Mountains afforestation project, the anti-desertification project, the shelterbelts for comprehensive control in the Huaihe River and Taihu Lake basins, the shelterbelts for comprehensive control in the Pearl River basin, the shelterbelts for comprehensive control in the Liaohe River basin, and the shelterbelts along the middle reaches of the Yellow River.

这十大林业生态工程是："三北"(东北西部、华北北部、西北地区)防护林体系工程、长江中上游防护林体系工程、沿海防护林体系工程、平原农田防护林体系工程、太行山绿化工程、防治沙漠化工程、淮河太湖流域综合治理防护林体系工程、珠江流域综合治理防护林体系工程、辽河流域综合治理防护林体系工程、黄河中游防护林体系工程，规划造林总面积1.2亿公顷。

It is of important significance for revival of northeast old-industrial base to study water resources state of daling river basion adequately.

大凌河流域是辽宁省一个干旱缺水的流域，充分研究大凌河流域水资源状况，对振兴东北老工业基地意义重大。

Firstly, the general method to building the system is analyzed, and one method based on the theory of the shortest procedure doing the same job is discussed. Secondly, the regional increasing method is used to decide the water flowing direction, in which way the actual drainage area water system is better simulated, producing the satisfying fitness between the built water channel and the actual one. The result also accords with the actuality of water conflux.

本文分析了数字流域水系生成所采取的一般方法，并且针对实际情况采取了以"最短流程法"为基础的数字流域生成方法，以区域增长法确定水流方向，更好地模拟了实际流域水系的情况，使得生成河道和实际河道达到了很好的拟合效果，也更加符合汇流的实际情况。

Based on the mentioned above ideas, it describes a method to determine the parameters involved in the hydrologic models when considering the effect of human activity on runoff. By the approach, the runoff is more clearly revealed. The concept of pattern unit hydrograph and its estimation method are presented.

基于上述思想，阐述了考虑人类活动影响的流域水文模型参数的确定方法，将人类活动影响纳入流域水文模型参数的确定过程中去，可以更深刻地了解流域水文的基本规律，揭示人类活动对其径流的影响。

The results indicated that the water resources renewability in the Yellow River Basin was in middle level or below, and the whole basin's water resources renewability was very bad. Water resources social renewability of Presidial Cities in the Yellow River basin was in general level, and the others were worse than Presidial Cities, so the main cities' water resources social renewability in the Yellow River Basin was not good generally.

结果表明，黄河流域各区域可再生性能力基本上为中等或以下，整个黄河流域水资源可再生性能力较弱；15个主要城市中，省会城市水资源社会可再生性水平一般，其余城市属于较弱水平，总体上，黄河流域城市水资源社会可再生性能力普遍较弱。

Focusing on such several key issues of flood utilization as resources in a basin as potentiality of flood resources in a basin, seasonal variation principle of storm flood in a basin, stage quantitative description method during flood period, computational method of stage design flood and risk design of adjustment and application of limited level of reservoir during flood season, deepgoing study is conducted in this dissertation.

论文围绕流域洪水资源利用的若干核心问题：流域洪水资源化潜力、流域暴雨洪水的季节性变化规律、水库汛期分期定量描述方法、水库分期设计洪水计算方法以及水库汛限水位调整运用的风险设计等进行了深入研究，构建了利用水库汛限水位调蓄洪水资源的理论体系和技术框架。

Within a single storm, process of runoff and sediment seem the same in outsets of different scale watersheds, about runoff rate is 1.27 m/s, concentration of sediment tend to change little and nearly 700 kg/m~3, this determine the relationship between water and sediment, or the relation reflect study area situation, for example, soil and event storm and sediment and so on. In fact this program established scale transition partly.(2)The loess plateau in north china is located in the middle yellow river basin, and records some of the highest erosion rates in the world. The hilly part of the loess plateau is one of the most severely eroded regions of the loess plateau.

基于此本论文选择陕北大理河流域为对象，依据黄河支流的水文资料，分析了不同尺度大小流域的水沙侵蚀资料，取得以下结果：(1)发现就次暴雨洪水而言，各尺度流域出口的径流泥沙过程都表现为洪峰陡涨陡落沙蜂陡涨缓落，含沙量随流量增大到一定程度1.27m／s时变化趋于稳定，保持在400kg／m~3以上，决定了该地区水沙之间的关系，不同尺度大小流域出口暴雨洪水的水沙关系在一定程度上是一个区域特征值。

The research, the research on water resource sustainable utilizing in Lijiang valley, which is one of essential scientific research on water resource exploitation, utilizing and protection afforded by the department of the science and technology of GuangXi Autonomous District for ZhuangZu People, and the 863 major science and technology item administration office which is leaded by the department of science and technology of the Peoples Republics of China also give some sustentation fund.

以可持续发展思想为指导，以优化流域水资源系统结构和功能为着眼点，针对水资源系统存在的问题进行调控，建立适合漓江流域特点的水资源系统调控模式，确保流域水资源满足经济社会协调发展的需要，实现流域水资源的可持续利用，具有重要的理论和实际意义。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷