流动人口

The city has well transportation with neighborhoods become a megalopolis. They can share their society, economy, culture and resource. The mega city needs to operate efficiently. The population and globalization catalyze the cities in Asia. The density of space development and the efficiency of the operating become the territorial accent. This study is about globalization to arise from mobility space. Taichung city become a megalopolis that is center. The city has ambition to become an international city. It needs to know, how to affront that spaces of ambulant city advance maneuver.

在面对城市规模巨大化下，城市运作的效率成为发展上的方向，而其中以亚洲城市由於人口及在全球化的催化下，於空间上发展的密度与使用上的效率更具有区域上的特色，故本研究试图在全球化下的流动空间的想法上，重新为已具有都会区人口规模的台中市，寻求一个城市目标朝向国际化发展的城市，应如何面对流动城市的发展策略。

The study also summarizes the theories of rural population flow both home and abroad from the economic perspective, and makes the model of the rural population flow in the background of politics, Economy, society and culture in the transition period of China upon the binary economic structure theory, by-business theory,"push-draw"theory, anticipated revenue hypothesis, new labor force move and other population flow theories. Through the empirical analysis the study has demonstrated the economic motivations of population flow in the rural areas of Henan Province.

文章总结了国内外从经济方面研究农村人口流动的基本理论，特别是在二元经济结构理论、兼业理论、"推——拉"理论、预期收入假说、新劳动力转移理论等人口转移理论的基础上，结合中国转型期的政治、经济、社会、文化背景，构建了转型期中国农村人口流动的理论模型；经过实证分析，对河南省农村人口流动的历史过程和现状有了较为全面的认识，这对河南省农村人口流动的经济动因有了明确的认识。

The study also summarizes the theories of rural population flow both home and abroad from the economic perspective, and makes the model of the rural population flow in the background of politics, Economy, society and culture in the transition period of China upon the binary economic structure theory, by-business theory,"push-draw"theory, anticipated revenue hypothesis, new labor force move and other population flow theories.

文章总结了国内外从经济方面研究农村人口流动的基本理论，特别是在二元经济结构理论、兼业理论、"推——拉"理论、预期收入假说、新劳动力转移理论等人口转移理论的基础上，结合中国转型期的政治、经济、社会、文化背景，构建了转型期中国农村人口流动的理论模型；经过实证分析，对河南省农村人口流动的历史过程和现状有了较为全面的认识，这对河南省农村人口流动的经济动因有了明确的认识。

Through the analysis, the paper reaches the following basic conclusions: The quantity of Chaoyang district"s transient population will increase continuously, residential period will prolong gradually and renting house will still be the major residential way of transient population; transient population play a positive role in the district"s socioeconomic development, but on the other side they make city infrastructures more difficult to bear the existent heavy burden, difficulty in city management is increased; transient labor force mainly undertake the supplementary role of the district labor force, but along with the open of the labor force market step by step and the further improving of the quality of transient labor force, the competition between transient labor force and local labor force tends to be intense; the current management policy of transient population in Beijing exists some problems, which stresses management and makes light of service, stresses duties and makes light of rights and interests, stresses planning and makes light of market, stresses outside and makes light of inside, but the policy is tending to the developing direction that is helpful for transient population to flow.

文章通过分析得出以下基本结论：朝阳区外来人口的数量还会继续增长，居住时间逐渐延长，租住房屋仍然是外来人口最主要的居住方式；外来人口在为本区社会经济发展起到积极作用的同时，也使城市基础设施不堪重负，城市管理难度加大；外来劳动力主要承担着本区劳动力的补充角色，但随着劳动力市场的逐步开放和外来人口素质的进一步提高，外来劳动力与本地劳动力的竞争趋于激烈；北京市现行的外来人口管理政策存在着重管理而轻服务、重义务而轻权益、重计划而轻市场、重外部而轻内部的问题，但正趋于有利于外来人口流动的方向发展。

At first, the article explores the factors causing the migration and conglomeration of population mobility and migration, by constructing the microeconomic model of population floating. Then, based on the analysis of the spatial distribution of population and industry, the article draws a conclusion that the population conglomeration of pro-developed region should adapt to the process of industry conglomeration, and the other developing region should adjust to the both the process of inverse flow of population refluence and the industry transformation.

通过构造人口流动迁移的微观经济模型，掌握人口流动、迁移和集聚的动因；通过人口与产业的空间布局分析，说明泛珠三角区域先发展地区的人口集聚与产业集聚过程应该相互适应，而后发展地区的人口"回流"与产业转移过程更应互为补充。

The analyses of social and economic development indicate that, up to 1998, the total population in Yijinholo County is 143, 949 persons, the population density is 24 persons per square kilometer, large population number results in land exploitation for food and overgrazing in rangeland. The change in temporal and spatial pattern of landuse from 1977 to 1998 demonstrates that mobile sand dunes was replaced by rangeland and woodland and partial shrubland in the middle of study area changed into rangeland and farmland from 1977 to 1987, while mobile sand dunes and rangeland transformed into shrubland and farmland in a small parts from 1987 to 1998, the above-mentioned change is proved by the change of fractal dimension index and fragmentation index at landscape and its element levels.

对近50年来伊旗社会经济发展的分析结果表明，虽然人口增长率基本上呈下降趋势，但由于人口基数较大，截至1998年底，伊金霍洛旗的人口总数达143949人，人口密度为24人／平方公里，较高的人口密度带来了更多的生存需求，使得大量的草牧场被开垦，而剩余的则严重超载。1977-1998年间伊土地利用结构总体格局变化的分析结果表明，1977-1987时段内主要是流动沙地为草牧场和乔木林地所取代，伴随着中部的部分灌木林地转换为草牧场和农地：而1987-1998时段内主要是草牧场和流沙地为灌木林地和农地特别是灌木林地所取代，而景观及各景观要素的分维度指数和破碎度指数的变化也充分证实了这一结论，虽然在前10年（1977-1987年）中大面积的灌木林被砍伐，但土地利用格局的整体变化间接地反映出该时段内荒漠化的状况正在发生逆转。

As part of the study of social administration of Nanjing in the Republic of China, the thesis consists of 7 chapters: Chapter one explains the basic concepts of social administration and the development of modernization of Nanjing before 1927. It stresses the importance of social administration in city development through the depiction of social characteristics and problems of Nanjing. Chapter 2 introduced the theory of social administration of the Republic of China, under which the municipal institutions are structured. It focuses on the social theory of Sun Yat-sen and correlative comments of Jiang Kai-shi, which reflect the theoretic level and subjective intention of social reform of the Republic of China. Chapter 3 discusses the local autonomy of Nanjing of the Republic of China. The origin of democratic local autonomy theory and its influence over social administration are expatriated. The advantages and disadvantages of local autonomy are analyzed in detail. Chapter 4 focuses its discussion upon social rescue work, an important part of social administration, with general description of social rescue work in Nanjing and concludes the characteristics of social rescue work in the transition from the traditional to the modern society. Focusing on the prominent problem of the large flows and inflation of population of Nanjing, chapter 5 discusses the population and population management of Nanjing and outlines the population situation through analysis of the population problem, management methods and the current situation. Chapter 6 describes the unprecedentedly active citizen organizations and parties. The transform and changes of these organizations occurring under the new circumstances and their functions in social administration are analyzed to reveal the interactive function between government and social organizations in social administration. Chapter 7, the epilogue, makes theoretic evaluation of the characteristics of social administration and its revelation to the current society of Nanjing, hoping this research serves as a reference to the current time.

本文是民国南京社会管理研究的一个部分，由七个章节组成：第一章介绍了社会管理的基本概念和1927年以前南京社会近代化的变迁过程，通过对南京社会特点和社会问题的描述，阐明了社会管理在城市发展中的重要作用；第二章介绍了民国社会管理思想的基本内容和在此指导下的南京市政府有关机构的设置，着重阐述了孙中山的社会管理思想和蒋介石的有关论述，反映了国民政府的社会管理的认识水平及其实行社会改造的主观意图；第三章专题讨论了民国南京地方自治，对具有近代民主意义的地方自治思想的由来及其社会管理意义进行了阐述，具体分析了南京推行地方自治的利弊得失；第四章将社会救济事业作为社会管理的一项重要内容进行了讨论，描述了南京社会救济事业的基本概况并对从传统向近代过渡社会救济事业的若干特点进行了总结；第五章针对南京城市人口的大量流动和急剧膨胀这一突出的社会问题，集中讨论了南京的人口与人口管理，通过对南京人口问题、管理手段以及人口状况的分析，展示了南京人口构成的基本面貌；第六章描述了南京空前活跃的市民组织和社会团体，着意反映这些社会组织在新的条件下的转型和变化，分析其在社会管理中所发挥的作用，企望由此揭示政府与社会组织在社会管理中的互动作用；第七章为结语，对南京社会管理的特点及其对现实的启示进行了理论评价，力求本研究更能具有现实借鉴意义。

The speeding up of the process of urbanization implies that there will be a lot of agricultural population changing into urban population. One necessary requirement is to provide a path to enter the social security system for those who are mainly engaged in non-agricultural industries but live in rural areas. However, due to the non-agricultural populations not participating in the social insurance system, it is hard for them to accumulate the insurance fund. Because of the dual urban and rural social security system, it is difficult for the social insurance to link up.

城市化进程的加快，意味着将有大量的农业人口转化为城市人口，其中的一个必要条件就是为非农化人口(主要从事着非农产业但户口在农村的人口)提供进入城市的社会保障制度通道，但由于有可能转变为市民的非农化人口在农村时没有参加社会保险，使其在城市参加社会保险时保险基金的累积和交费期受到一定制约；由于城乡的二元社会保障制度，使得由于人口流动所产生的社会保险的衔接出现困难。

So it was the greatest embodiment for the spirit of people foremost and the society equity that the effective security mechanism of the floating population were established, it was also a policy of effect permanent cure for achieving the complexion of the society stability and solidarity.

所以，建立有效的流动人口保障机制，是&以人为本&精神和社会公正的最好体现，也是实现社会安定团结局面的一个治本之策。

LI Hongyan（College of Ethnology and Sociology, South-Central University for Nationalities,China）:An analytical study of the returning minorities floating people enculturation under the financial crisis background

李红燕（中南民族大学民族学与社会学学院，中国）：金融危机背景下返乡少数民族流动人口文化适应问题探析

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。