流动

In chapter 4, the plane-radial and plane-parallel flows for Newtonian fluid in fractal porous media are analyzed. Based on the same assumption as that in chapter 3, the expressions for porosity, flow rate, velocity and permeability for both radial and parallel flows are developed. The proposed expressions are expressed as a function of tortuosity, fractal dimension, maximum and minimum pore diameters, and there are no empirical constant and every parameter has clear physical meaning in the proposed expressions.

第四部分研究了分形多孔介质中牛顿流体的平面径向和平行流动，考虑到实际毛细管的弯曲性和毛细管管径的分形分布，给出了径向和平行流动时的孔隙数目、孔隙率、流量、流速和渗透率的分形表达式；得到了分形多孔介质中微可压缩流体的压力分布方程；得到了无量纲的渗透率、压力和流速的解析表达式。

The oil has to have a low pour point in order to flow and still have sufficient viscosity for the compressor lubrication.

油不得不具有有一个很低的流动点（流点：油或其他液体在规定条件下流动的最低温度），还需要有足够的粘度作为压缩机的润滑作用。

An one-dimensional model is used to analyze the flow and pressure drop in a ceramic filter.

用一维定常流动模型研究了陶瓷过滤器元件内的流动与压降规律。

In calculation, it was assumed that nozzle flow was frozen, and convective and radiative heat transfer from gas to nozzle wall was considered. Governing equations were discretized with second order upstream scheme and radiative heat transfer equation was solved with Discrete Ordinates method.

在计算中，假定喷管流动为冻结流动，考虑燃气向壁面的对流换热和辐射换热；采用二阶迎风格式离散控制方程，采用DO模型离散求解辐射换热方程，水蒸气的吸收系数根据Leckner公式计算。

Nozzle flow was assumed to be frozen, and convective and radiative heat transfer from gas to solid wall was considered. Discretization of the governing equations was performed with two order upstream scheme, and radiative heat transfer equation was solved with Discrete Ordinates method. Absorption coefficient of water vapor was calculated by Leckner formula.

计算中，假定塞式喷管中的流动为冻结流动，考虑燃气向壁面的对流换热和辐射换热；采用二阶迎风格式离散控制方程，及DO模型离散求解辐射换热方程，水蒸气的吸收系数根据Leckner公式计算。

Then the algorithm was used to get the seven parameters of viscosity model of W-Ni-Fe heavy alloy and 316L stainless steel feedstock, which provide the necessary material data for quality forecast of mold core part made of stainless steel and heavy alloy tungsten ball, and for optimal design of mold and process parameters, which establishes the foundation of material database of MIM. In the research of visual simulation software development, in order to build the software system model and flow analysis algorithm based on Cross-WLF viscosity model, and realize functions such as pre-processor, solver, parameter regress, data management, graph operations, some advanced software methods as OOSE (Object Oriented Software Engineering) and UML were applied to set up user model, static model and dynamic model of MIM simulation software. These models describe system function, event flow, structure and relation of classes, object interaction, structure of database and I/O file format.

在MIM可视化仿真软件开发方面，为了建立软件系统模型及基于Cross-WLF粘度模型的流动分析算法，实现软件的前处理、求解器、参数拟合、数据管理和图形操作等功能，将面向对象软件工程与统一建模语言技术首次引入到MIM仿真软件的设计开发中，建立了软件的用户模型、静态模型和动态模型，描述了系统的功能需求、事件流程、类的结构与关系、对象之间的通信、数据库结构和输入输出文件格式等，用Visual C++与Delphi开发工具编码实现了2维MIM充模流动过程仿真软件，方便了对薄壁零件的质量预测以及模具和工艺参数的优化设计。

The interior flow of stirring impeller is calculated by slightly modified optional quasi-normal intersection surface method for calculating three-dimensional interior flow of impeller mechanism.

对计算叶轮机械内部三元流动的任定准正交面法略加修改后，用于计算搅拌桨内部的流动。

The three-dimensional optional quasi-normal intersection surface method for calculation of interior flow of impeller mechanism is slightly modified,then used to calculate the interior flow of stirring impeller.

对计算叶轮机械内部三元流动的任定准正交面法略加修改后，用于计算搅拌桨内部的流动。

It turns out that the flow and noise characteristics are quite complex and different from those of incompressible jets due to existence of quasi-periodic shock cell structures.

超声速射流是一般工业和军事工业中得到广泛应用的重要流动现象，对其流动特性和声学特性的研究，在实际应用和学术研究上有重要的理论价值和实际意义。

Quick-moving ratio and the ratio of debt than cash flow from the static analysis of the solvent,Although to a certain extent, revealed the solvency of the company, but it has great limitations.This is mainly because most of liquidity soon to be insolvent and unable to cashreal cash flow is used to repay debt.

流动比率和速动比率都是从静态上分析企业的偿债能力，虽然能够在一定程度上揭示公司的偿债能力，但有很大的局限性，这主要是因为流动资产中绝大部分并不能很快转变为可偿债的现金，真正能用于偿还债务的是现金流量。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。