流体的

By the principle of penalt function, the irrotational fluid field is constrained, and author has proposed the Difference Method for distinguishing fluid vortex modes among the natural modes of coupled systems. Author has calculated the real frequencies with the extra deductive method, and discussed the influence of the numerical solution due to the irrotational constraint.

对于流体有限扰动时的非线性耦合系统的有限元分析作了一些探讨，给出了非线性系统的基本方程、变分原理及有限元方程，并具体地导出了三维几何非线性流体单元的切线刚度公式，采用增量形式的Newmark预报——校正逐步积分法计算系统的动力响应，由Newton-Raphson迭代法及其修正方法求解系统的非线性方程组，还列出了不平衡力余量检查和位移迭代增量检查等迭代收敛判断准则。

And this is where Lagrange comes in. He was a pioneer of the study of moving fluids, but his ideas outran the computational tools of his day. Only now, with supercomputers available to help with the calculations, is it possible to explore those ideas completely. What is emerging is a picture of fluid dynamics more subtle and more complex than anything dreamed of even a decade ago.

这正是Lagrange所研究的，他是流体运动学的创始人，但是他的思想已经超出了他那个年代的计算能力，只有在今天，通过现有的超级计算机的计算去探究他们的这些思想才是有可能的，浮现出来是一幅流体动态变化的图像，其细微和复杂程度是十年前无论如何也想不到的。

Eaton's FC NVH lab allows Kurt Steinberger, lead engineer - NVH, Eaton Fluid Power - Hydraulic Business, to test systems or machines on site and utilize Maumee's fluid conveyance prototyping capabilities, as well as its materials test lab, to diagnose the noise problem, design and create a unique system solution in one location.

伊顿的FC NVH实验室允许库尔特瓦尔斯坦伯格，首席工程师- NVH ，伊顿流体动力-液压业务，以测试系统或设备的网站，并利用莫米的流体输送原型的能力，以及它的材料测试实验室，来诊断的噪音问题，设计并创造了一个独特的系统解决方案，在一个位置。

The stack type reactor according to the present invention comprises an upper block including at least two inlets through which different kinds of raw substances are entered and a lower channel communicated in fluid with the inlets and formed a lower surface thereof; and an unit block including an upper channel corresponding to the lower channel of the upper block and formed on an upper surface thereof, the unit block including a lower channel formed a lower surface thereof and communicated in fluid with the upper channel via a connecting flow passage penetrating therethrough.

根据本发明的堆叠式反应器包括：上部块，其包括至少两个允许各种原料物质进入的入口以及与该入口流体连通且形成于该上部块下表面的下部通道；和单元块，其包括与上部块的下部通道对应且形成于单元块上表面上的上部通道，该单元块包括形成于单元块下表面且经由穿透其中的连接流道流体连通上部通道的下部通道。

An optimization design scheme is crucial for torpedo, however, there has been no any such method recognized so far. This paper presents a method for torpedo lineshape optimization design based on the iSIGHT. In this method, the optimization strategies of simulated annealing algorithm and continuous quadratic planning method are adopted, and the fluid analysis software Fluent is integrated to calculate the fluid parameters of torpedo body lineshape. The comparison of the optimization results obtained by both the presented and the traditional methods shows that the torpedo lineshape optimization method based on the iSIGHT is satisfactory and feasible.

寻找最优设计方案是鱼雷设计的重中之重，针对目前鱼雷优化设计领域还没有一套公认的优化设计方法这一现状，提出了一套基于iSIGHT的工程设计优化方法，将这款商业软件应用于鱼雷线形优化设计中，采用了模拟退火算法+连续二次规划法的优化策略，集成流体分析软件Fluent对雷体线形的流体参数进行了计算，并与传统优化方法结果相比较，结果表明，基于iSIGHT的优化设计方法在鱼雷线形优化设计中是可行的，能够得到令设计人员满意的鱼雷线形优化方案。

Based on Prandtl's momentum transportation, this paper calculates in detail the physical quantities such as eddy viscosities, and ratio of eddy viscosity to motion viscosity, total stresses with respect to relative position in three regions of viscous sub-layer, buffer layer, and main turbulent stream for non-Newtonian fluid flowing turbulently in ducts, which according to Karman's three layer models and measurement of fluid parameters in evaluation apparatus, discusses the influence of polymer drag reduction on flowing properties of non-Newton fluid, analyzes quantitatively principle of turbulent reduction phenomenon and condition of increasing reduction rate.

摘要以普兰德动量传递理论为基础，按照卡门的三层模型，通过室内模拟环道用0号柴油及加入减阻剂在圆管内的流动参数的测定，计算了非牛顿型流体管内湍流边界层的层流内层、过渡层、湍流中心的涡流粘度，涡流粘度与运动粘度比、总应力随相对位置的变化等定量参数，探讨了高分子减阻剂对非牛顿流体流动特性的影响，对湍流减阻现象的机理与增大减阻率的条件进行了定量分析。

The authors believe that the diversification of rock zonation and lithology of these high pressure rocks can be attributed to the metasomatism that took place between deep melt and ultrabasic rocks in the subduction zone, and thus propose a hypothesis of subduction melt metasomatism to explain jadeite formation.

笔者认为俯冲带中形成的深部熔体与超基性岩之间的交代变质是导致岩石分带和岩性多样化的根本原因，提出了俯冲带熔体交代成因说，认为俯冲带、深部流体和超基性岩体是形成翡翠及其过渡品种的3个必要条件，并因此指出在人工合成过程中引入流体相很可能是降低实验条件的苛刻程度、从而合成出真正具有商业意义的翡翠的途径。

To obtain a complete picture about shock formation in non-viscous flow, in the succeeding chapter we investigate the isothermal shocks in adiabatic flows. We find that in this case the shock solution still exists, but the structure and the properties of the solution are greatly different from above even qualitatively. In some region of the parameter space there only exists unstable shock solution and in some region of the parameter space there may exist two stable shock solutions.

为得到完整的无粘流体中激波形成的图象，在接下来的第四章，我们研究绝热流体中等温作为激波条件时的情况，发现此时激波解仍存在，但解的结构和性质甚至在定性上都与前两章有了显著的不同：某些参数空间只存在非稳定的激波解，某些参数空间则会同时出现两个稳定的激波解。

This thesis aimed to discuss an electromagnetic energy harvester. Motion of a fluid driven by a 30 Hz pulse pump is used to activate the electromagnetic energy harvester. The periodic motion of the fluid in the chamber causes a harmonic vertical deflection in the diaphragm on which a permanent magnet is attached. Subsequently, the vibration of this magnet induces an output voltage in a solenoid hanging above it.

中文摘要本文是探讨电磁式能量产生器的机构，此电磁式能量产生器的主要作动方式为藉由频率30Hz的脉冲马达驱动工作流体，使工作流体呈周期性的流动让帮浦腔体上致动薄膜产生周期性的上下往复运动，因此帮浦腔体内产生压力周期性的变化，在薄膜上永久磁铁的振动，使得螺旋线圈感应产生电压的输出。

In this paper, two kinds of uniflow hydrocyclone's spin movement are caused by bar vertex ban inlet setting. Its performance prediction is based on CFD analysis and a mass of test. By FLUENT application and selecting the RSM model, CFD analysis is performed on 66mm returned flow hydrocyclone and 70mm uniflow hydrocyclone (cone-shaped, columniform), pressure field and velocity field and inner flow field are gained, this approves the results of CFD analysis accord with experimental results. Based on the results of CFD analysis, the schemes of optimum structure may be raised.

设计的两种直流式水力旋流器内的自旋运动是由新型涡流板入口结构引起的，它的性能预测是基于数值计算和大量的实验，通过利用Fluent流体动力学软件，针对旋流器实验样机的主体结构形式，基于RSM模型对内部流场的压力分布、速度分布和流体流动情况，对66mm返流式水力旋流器和70mm直流式水力旋流器进行了模拟分析，为水力旋流器的结构优化设计提供了借鉴。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。