流

This paper presents the principle and structure of a capillary narrow rheometer whichcan measure the rheology of any fluid automaticlly and continuously. The rheometer is con-trolled automatically by a microcomputer which can acquisite and process data obtained.

介绍一种能自动连续测量的毛细管狭缝流变仪的原理和结构，该流变仪具有微机自控和数据采集处理系统，适用于牛顿液体和石油钻井泥浆等非牛顿流体流变性能的在线和离线测量。

In 66 anaesthetized rats, the effects of local injection of agmatine on femoral, renal, and mesenteric vascular beds were investigated respectively by constant flow perfusion method.

在66只麻醉大鼠，分别采用后肢、肾脏和肠系膜动脉在体恒流灌注法，观察了向灌流环路中直接注射胍丁胺(agmatine， AGM)的血管效应，以所引起的灌流压增减反映血管的收缩和舒张。

No Ⅲ° atrioventricular conduction block happened, 9 patients developed right bundle branch block, and 2 patients showed junctional rhythm. Two patients with perimembranous extending outlet were repaired because of residual shunt(0.4cm,0.3cm) on the anterosuperior rim of defect. One patient with trivial residual shunt(0.15cm) on the posteroinferior rim of defect was found closed spontaneously six months later. Tricuspid valve was incised in 10 patients of VSD sextending outlet,8 patients vertical to the valve ring,2 patients parallel to the valve ring. Moderate tricuspid valve regurgitation was found in 1 patient, mild in 5 patients, trivial in 4 patients. No one aggravated. One patient complicated with pericardial effusion.

无Ⅲ°房室传导阻滞发生，9例发生右束支传导阻滞，2例结性心律。2例膜周偏流出道型VSD患者因前上缘残余分流分别为0.4cm和0.3cm，再次手术修补；1例后下缘残留细束样分流，直径0.15cm，随访6个月后自愈；10例膜周偏流出道型VSD患者剪开三尖瓣，8例垂直瓣环，2例平行瓣环；1例三尖瓣中度反流，随访无加重；5例轻度反流，4例轻微反流，随访均无加重；1例心包积液；1例再次进入手术室止血。

Through the comparative analysis that: the arc-tooth flow of hydraulic performance is better than the arc, Adopting optimize the design parameters of the structure, reducing the flow rate of 0 regions, and strengthen vortices regions, improved irrigation arc tooth for hydraulic performance and anticlogging ability, irrigation design recommended by arc-tooth flow structure.

通过对比分析认为：弧齿形流道水力性能优于弧形流道，可以通过结构参数优化设计，减小0流速区域，强化旋涡区，提高弧齿形灌水器的水力性能与扰堵塞能力，灌水器设计中推荐采用弧齿形流道结构形式。

Methods autohemic blood from femoral artery of dogs was taken and injected to one side pleural cavity with the same volume of normal saline and air to establish a model of hemopneurothorax on dogs .then 24 the dogs were divided into experimental group and control group at random with 12 dogs in each group. to observe and analyze the time of chest tube insertion,the intensity of resistance to pulling and drainage effect between the thoracentesis technique of invented minute invasion closed-chest drainage and traditional closed-chest drainage.

利用家犬自体股动脉穿刺采血注入一侧胸腔、同时注入等量盐水及空气的方法建立家犬血气胸模型，并将其随机分成实验组（n=12）和对照组（n=12），观察分析自制微创胸腔闭式引流装置与传统胸腔闭式引流装置的置管时间、抗拉强度、引流效果等。

The most heavy flow ability of barrage swirl is controlled by fastenning device and barrage size, the most heavy discharge is more when barrage aperture is bigger, the influence of barrage position on discharge is not obvious; The pressure of the end of the shaft and fastenning device increases which aroused by barrage, and there is a restraining action to flow waving of the shaft; The barrage aperture is smaller, the increase of pressure is heavier, the influence of position to the increase of pressure is not obvious; The positive pressure of the level section in the hole between fastenning device and barrage increases obviously, the change of press along length reduces, mural press in the hydrosphere separating area of outlet of fastenning device becomes positive pressure, which is propitious to the increase of flow cavitate number in the low pressure area of the outlet of fastenning device; The influence of change of swirl cavum diameter caused by barrage to ventilating state is obvious.

阻塞旋流最大泄流能力由起旋器及阻塞体型共同控制，降低了泄洪洞的泄流量，孔径大的阻塞最大下泄流量较大，阻塞位置对泄流量的影响不明显；阻塞引起竖井及起旋器端头压力增大，对竖井部分的水流波动具有抑制作用；阻塞孔径越小，压力增加越大，位置对压力增大影响不明显；起旋器与阻塞之间水平洞段的止压力明显增加，沿程压力变化减小，起旋器出口的水气分离区壁面压力变为正压力，有利于起旋器出口低压区水流空化数的提高；阻塞引起的旋流空腔直径变化对通气状态产生明显影响。

Combining the fluid mechanics in porous medium and the geometry, the author considers the artificial barrier as a filter cake, research on the vadose rule on the condition of the coercibility and the non-Newtonian fluid flow, establish the formula of artificial barrier pressure drop and thickness, probe the formula of the thickness of artificial barrier for the pressure in the fracture,the coercibility, the smallest stress of barrier and the rheological property of fracturing fluid.

结合渗流力学和几何学，将人工隔层视为滤饼，在对人工隔层中渗流规律的研究中考虑了流体的非牛顿性和人工隔层的可压缩性，建立隔离层压降与厚度之间的关系式，探索人工隔层厚度与缝内压力、人工隔层可压缩性、上下隔层最小主应力、压裂液流变性等之间的关系。

The most frequent mechanism was commissural MR, or MR that originated at the site of successful commissurotomy, which occurred in 27 of 47 patients (57%), whereas noncommissural MR occurred in 20 (43%) patients, 12 (26%) with subalular damage resulting in chordae rupture and flail motion and 8 (17%) with leaflet laceration.

最常见的机制是联合部瓣膜返流或成功的瓣膜分离术术后原分离处的返流，47例患者中有27 例出现以上情况(57%)，而其余的发生非联合处的二尖瓣返流的20例(43%)患者中，12例伴有瓣膜下损害的患者出现腱索断裂和连伽运动，8例患者出现瓣叶撕裂。

Background— Mild commissural mitral regurgitation is associated with significantly higher restenosis-free surial after percutaneous mitral aluloplasty, which suggests that different mechanisms of significant MR after PM may hae different clinical courses.

背景 经皮二尖瓣成形术后轻度的联和部二尖瓣返流患者术后无再狭窄生存率明显较高，提示着成形术后不同机制的显著二尖瓣返流有不同的临床进程，因此对成形术后显著二尖瓣返流患者的长期预后因素进行了分析

The research contents and main conclusions are as follows:1. The present thesis adopted one-dimension interior ballistic model, regarding the ballistic spatial core as the unsteady quasi one-dimension airflow containing the friction and heat exchange between airflow and tube wall, considering the boundary layer unsteady, nonstationary condensable current; and employed the MacCormack finite difference method to write the program.

本文的研究内容及结论主要体现在以下几个方面： 1、采用了一维内弹道模型，把弹后空间的核心流部分考虑为包含气流与身管管壁发生摩擦和热交换的不稳定准一维流，边界层考虑为不稳定、非定常可压缩流，用MacCormack有限差分方法求解，编制程序进行计算，较为准确的得到了复合材料身管固壁瞬态温度场分析内边界条件所需的气流温度和对流换热系数结果。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。