流

The paper improves the velocity's control rules of a first-order microcosmic stochastic traffic cellular automaton model and incorporates it's stochasticity as a deceleration parameter in the construction of the fundamental diagram used by a macroscopic first-order continuum traffic model.

本文对微观一维随机元胞自动机交通流模型的速度控制规则进行了改进，并将其随机特性转化为减速参数合并到宏观一阶连续介质理论交通流模型中，重新构建了反映流量——密度的交通流基本图。

Numerical modelling of one-dimensional unsteady flow in complicated systems, such as long distance water transfer project and urban storm sewer network etc., play a major role in practice of Hydraulic Engineering, in which transcritical flow and transition between free surface and pressurized flows are two important issues.

长距离调水工程和城市排水管网等复杂系统的一维非恒定流数值模拟对于水利工程实践有着十分重要的意义，跨临界流和明满流是其中的两个重要的研究方向。

By substituting stream function into differential equation, its validity is proved in mathematics and the analytical expression of helical solitary vortex function is also obtained.

将获得的流函数回代到涡与流函数微分方程中，在数学上验证了这些流函数解的正确性。

We suggest three ways to improve the oxygen supply to slices under submerged conditions: optimizing chamber design for laminar flow of superfusion fluid; increasing the flow rate of superfusion fluid; and superfusing both surfaces of the slice.

我们建议三种方式以改善在浸浴下脑切片的氧气供应：优化培养容器设计以利于灌流液的层流；增加灌流液的流速；灌流切片的两个表面层。

As to the visualization study, the emergence of great deal of bubbles is observed when the wall superheat is low.

可视化研究发现低的壁面过热度时，有大量气泡产生；在本实验范围内，微槽内沸腾的流型主要有塞状流和环状流两种。

The results show that most flows with zero pressure difference are symmetric, but tiny pressure difference will make the flows between upper and lower channel asymmetric.

其结果发现，当出口处无压差时，流场大部分呈现对称的状态；而当有压力差时，则会造成上下方流道内的流场，出现不对称的现象。

Under maximal flux (Vi = 4.3 m/s),fluid field of 16 cross sections in the model were investigated, the tangential velocity empirical equation of each partition was got, and empirical equations of axial and radial velocity on the ring partition between baffle bar and cylinder wall were obtained.

在全气速（Vi = 4.3 m/s）下测得了流场中各部分共计16个截面的流场分布，分别拟合得到各区域外旋流中切向速度分布经验公式；拟合得到在导流体与筒壁间环形段轴向速度分布和径向速度分布经验公式。

The second advantage is that globose targe is the most sensitive to variety of coal powder concentration In the experiment, a testing piping system for coal powder and air two phase flow was built in laboratory. Experiment adopt disk target and spherical target two kinds of target.

将两组试验数据拟和得到的空气单相流关系式的斜率与两相流关系式的斜率进行比较，球形靶试验数据拟和公式的斜率较大，说明球形靶确实比圆片靶对两相流粒子浓度的反应灵敏度高。

Computed with data produced by a traffic simulation system, a minimal cycle under simulation is concluded In view of the situation that short-term traffic flow is disturbed more tempestuously, the multiresolution decomposition and reconstruction method of wavelets is introduced to construct a muliresolution time-series forecast model.

与一般交通管理中的仿真系统相比较，本文研究中所使用的仿真系统是一种基于车辆的交通流微观仿真系统，克服了宏观仿真过于简单、笼统的不足；在交通流的处理过程中，建立应用了多种描述不确定性的模型，比较真实地再现了路网上交通流过程；从实现手段上，仿真系统采用了面向对象的分析设计方法，使系统具有良好的结构和较强的可扩充性、适用性。

The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed mechanism can obtain higher throughput and lower packet loss rate, and achieve reliability and real-time performance on the receiving side.

仿真结果表明：该策略能使流媒体数据流获得较高的吞吐量和较低的丢包率，有效提高流媒体传输的可靠性和实时性。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。