流

Taking the symbolic evolution of the fish pattern as the foundation, this article expounds the evolutional course of the model of the fish emblazonment from the originally natural form to the abstract form and the evolution from the originally emblematic meaning to decorative meaning, which mark the gradual progress of the way of thought in the traditional design from the elementary stage to the advanced stage.

本文以鱼形纹饰的象征性流变为理论基础，论述了鱼纹的造型从最初的象征意义到现代的装饰意义的流变，在此流变过程中体现了传统设计思维方式从低级阶段向高级阶段发展的渐进过程。

Through the cold-state and simulation result, the special flow field of the burner can be obtained. It would be adjusting well when primary air nozzle adopting this form of inner-straight and outer-swirling. Inner straight can assure enough distance of jet, outer-swirling can entrain enough high temperature flue gas to burst into flame easily.

从冷态试验和数值模拟两方面可以得出这种燃烧器具有特殊的流场分布，一次风喷口采用这种外旋流内直流形式，兼有直流和旋流的两种特性，且具有很好的调节作用。

The numerical results show that, after the hot intrusion reaches the cold wall, some accumulates in the cold top corner, since the cold boundary layer flow cannot entrain all of the hot intrusion.

结果表明：当热入侵流抵达腔体冷壁后，由于冷壁无法卷入所有的热入侵流，热入侵流在冷上角堆积并产生一个反向流动，在冷壁边界层附近形成一个顺时针涡，该涡在浮力效应驱动下可返回热壁，并在腔体的冷热壁之间形成了腔体尺度的流体振荡，即内重力波。

By using the CFD software FLUENT, the inner-flow field of centrifugal fans with ruled-surface impeller versus with enveloping surface impeller has been simulated. The static pressure distribution, the dynamic pressure distribution, the total pressure distribution, the turbulent intensity and the speed vector of the two kinds of centrifugal fans are then analyzed and compared. From the calculating results, we found that the pressure distribution, the speed vector and other parameters of the two kinds of centrifugal fans are basically same. This implies that the tool-path generating arithmetic for the machining of the impeller can meet the aerodynamic requirements of the centrifugal fan. Furthermore the method can provide proof for designing department to establish sound manufacturing tolerance for impeller.

最后采用CFD软件FLUENT，利用标准k-ε湍流模型，采用分离隐式求解器，分别对直纹面叶轮离心通风机和包络面叶轮离心通风机整体风机内部三维流场和单个通道流场进行了数值模拟计算，在计算结果的后处理中，对相同坐标值处的静压力、动压力、湍流强度和速度矢量等参数进行了分析与比较，结果表明：在相同的计算参数条件下所得到直纹面叶轮离心通风机和包络面叶轮离心通风机内部流场差别不大，从而揭示所采用的叶轮数控加工的刀位规划方法的规划误差对流体机械动力性能的影响不大，这也为设计部门制定合理的叶轮加工公差提供了依据。

Taking the continuity equation of air-powder flow into consideration, the apparent sonic velocity of two-phase flow can be given.

考虑两相流连续方程确定出两相流的实际表观音速，并且与两相平衡流理论计算所得的理论音速进行了比较，仅为其0.5~0.7倍。

The two flows can be solved simultaneously and no boundary condition is needed on the interface between them. The implicitly limitation of Continuity Equation makes it sure that the velocity and pressure of the two flows on the interface keep to equal at any time.

数值计算时，波浪与孔隙流的交界面不需要给定边界条件，而是通过连续方程的隐式约束，保证两种流态在边界上的速度和压力匹配，实现了波浪场与孔隙流场的同步耦合。

Sample to the value of gas emission of every tunnel once, the whole wind network will be sampled once. For a kind of sample, we will equipoise the gas flow in wind network.

对每一条巷道瓦斯涌出量值进行一次抽样，实际就是对整个风网进行一次抽样，对整个风网的一次抽样在风网中进行瓦斯流平衡，从而得到每条巷道的瓦斯流流量值。

When the width of the channel is unchangeable, the more are the numbers of the channels, the narrower the channel becomes, the evener the oxygen on the surface of diffusion layer becomes.

当流道宽度不变时，流道数目越多，流道间隔越窄，越有利于氧气在扩散层表面上的均匀化分布。

The structure of flow field and the aerodynamics along with the inner energy excitation and the variable flow conditions were analyzed in details.

采用L-B碰撞模型，分析了内能激发松弛的流场参数特性，从分子碰撞、分子与飞行器表面碰撞的角度，分析了不同来流条件下的流场参数的变化情况。

By using unstructured dynamic grid based on local remeshing method, the variation of grid caused by projectile movement was analyzed. Numerical computation results of gun muzzle flow field which arranged in time was obtained. The creation process of the complex flow field of gun muzzle was described. The numerical simulation of flow field including moving projectile was achieved.

采用基于局部网格重构法的非结构动网格技术处理弹丸运动造成的网格变化，给出一系列按时间顺序排列的膛口流场数值计算结果，描述了复杂的膛口流场形成发展过程，实现了含运动弹丸的膛口流场的数值模拟。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。