活性剂

Based on their good skills to solubilize many organic compounds, surfactants and cyclodextrins have been tested as bioavailability-enhancing agents in the research of bioremediation.

表面活性剂和环糊精对有机化合物具有良好的增溶能力，这使它们成为提高污染物生物可利用性的促进试剂，现已被应用于生物修复的研究。

Copolymerization by micellar polymerization [8] is the most usual method in which a surfactant such as sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in an aqueous solution to solubilize the hydrophobic monomer.

共聚胶束聚合[ 8 ]是最常用方法，其中表面活性剂，如十二烷基硫酸钠，是用在水溶液中，以solubilize疏水性单体。

The method is as follows: n-butyl titanate, absolute ethyl alcohol, surfactant and concentrated hydrochloric acid are fully mixed and stirred for 4 to 6 hours under room temperature to obtain precursor solution, then the precursor solution is spinningly coated on a clean conductive glass substrate of an indium oxide tin coating, and then the conductive glass spinningly coated with the precursor solution is preserved for 25 to 72 hours at the temperature of between 20 and 30 DEG C and the relative humidity of between 50 and 75 percent below, and finally undergoes a high-temperature calcination at the temperature of between 350 and 700 DEG C.

将钛酸正丁酯，无水乙醇，表面活性剂和浓盐酸充分混合，在室温下搅拌4小时-6小时得到前驱剂，然后将前驱剂旋涂在清洁的氧化铟锡镀层的导电玻璃基底上，接着在20℃-30℃，相对湿度在50％-75％下，将旋涂有前驱剂的导电玻璃保存24小时-72小时，最后经过350℃-700℃高温煅烧。

The composite amino acids of pupa protein was prepared by the method of enzymatic-acid hydrolysis. N-stearyl composite amino acids is synthesized by the synthesis reaction of stearyl chloride reacting with composite amino acids.

以蚕蛹为原料，采用酶－酸两步水解法制备混合氨基酸液，再与硬脂酰氯反应合成N-硬脂酰基复合氨基酸表面活性剂。

The effects of many parameters, such as the amount of surfactant, airflow rates, pH, NaCl, ethanol and temperature on the solvent sublation were studied. Experimental results showed that a ratio of surfactant to Pb-dithizone complex (2∶1) was the most effective for the removal, with over 97.4% Pb removed from the aqueous solution in 40 min by solvent sublation, at the value of pH 12.6.The solvent sublation process followed first order kinetics. A characteristic parameter, apparent activation energy of attachment of the sublate to bubbles, was estimated at a value of 2.08 kJ/mol.

结果表明，当表面活性剂与硝酸铅物质的量之比为2∶1时，铅去除率达97.4％；体系去除率在pH值为12.6时最高；有机溶剂的影响不明显；少量的乙醇可提高其去除率和去除速率，但过多会产生抑制作用；适量的NaCl能提高体系去除率，但随着浓度的提高呈现下降趋势；去除速率随气流速率增加而增加，体系去除率随温度升高而递增；反应过程遵从一级动力学，表观活化能为2.08 kJ/mol。

A novel naphthenic petroleum sulphonate was prepared in laboratory with the naphthenic oil and fuming sulfuric acid.

在实验室用发烟浓硫酸对环烷基油进行磺化反应，合成了一种新型的三次采油用表面活性剂：环烷基石油磺酸盐。

Super surfactant: Made from petroleum sulphonate, this product can lower the interfacial tension of oil and water to 10-4mN/m. It can widely be used as oil displacement agent in oil field and improve the output of oil greatly. It has a good benefit and a wide market prospect.

超级表面活性剂：以石油磺酸盐改性制得；该产品降低油/水界面张力可达10-4mN/m，可广泛应用于油田驱油，能大幅提高石油产量；效益明显，市场前景广阔。

The p-tert-butyl calix arene (n=4,6,8) were synthesized by p-tert-butyl phenol, formaldehyde aqueous solution as raw materials. Six kinds of calixarene oligomeric surfactants were prepared by etherification of the calix arene with 1,3-propane sultone and 1,4-butane sultone.

以对叔丁基苯酚、甲醛为主要原料合成杯芳烃母体对叔丁基杯芳烃(n=4，6，8)；以1，3-丙烷磺内酯、1，4-丁烷磺内酯为醚化试剂，经Williamson醚化反应，合成出6种杯芳烃基低聚表面活性剂。

Contrasted with the activity of the same reaction in oil-water double phased system, the hydrolyzing behavior of Camlicla Lipolytica Lipase in reversed micellar systems is much like that in oil-water double phased system. The stability and catalyzing activity are both enhanced and give rise to "superactivity". except in reverse micelles composed of cationic surfactant.

实验表明，脂肪酶CLL在反胶束体系中催化水解反应的行为与油-水双相体系中的行为大体相似，在阴离子和非离子型表面活性剂构建的反胶束中，酶的稳定性和催化活性都有所增加，呈现&超活性&。

It was based on the enhancement of the intensity of RLS by the synergistical action of phloxine B,fsDNA and cetyltimethylammonium bromide.

研究了阴离子染料荧光桃红 B对鱼精脱氧核糖核酸和阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲铵的共振光散射光谱有协同增强作用，建立了一种定量测定fsDNA的灵敏度高、操作简便的共振光散射方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。