活化能

Results are as followed:1 Exposure of HELF cells to BP caused c-Jun activation,and increased the activity of MAPK,PI-3K,p53 and cyclin D1 pathway.2 BP-induced c-Jun activation was inhibited by dominant negative mutants of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase or c-Jun NH_2-terminal kinase,but not by p38,impling that JNK and ERK pathways medicate c-Jun activation induced by BP.3 Overexpression of dominant-negative mutants PI-3K and Akt potently blocked phosphorylations of c-Jun and ERK,but not JNK in response to BP,suggesting that PI-3K/Akt pathway positively regulates BP-induced c-Jun activation through ERK.4 Inhibition of p53 by its chemical or molecular inhibitor markedly increased the phosphorylation levels of c-Jun,Akt and ERK upon BP stimulation,indicating that p53 negatively medicates BP-induced c-Jun activation through PI-3K/Akt/ERK pathway.5 The cell lines expressed TAM67 exhibits no significant affecting normal cell growth properties.6 TAM67 was able to significantly block G_1-S transition and subsequent cell proliferation,suggesting that c-Jun is essential for cell cycle alternations elicited by BP.7 Overexpression of TAM67 impaired BP-induced cyclin D1 activation,decreasing expression of E2F1 and pRb,indicating that c-Jun participates in the modulation of BP-induced activation of cyclin D1/pRb/E2F1 pathway.8 Stably expression of TAM67 led to the increases in the expression levels of p53 and p21,elevating phosphorylation level of p53,clearly indicating that c-Jun regulates p53/p21 pathway activation induced by BRCollectively,PI3K/Akt/ERK pathway mediated BP-induced c-Jun activation through p53-dependent mechanism.

结果显示：1BP刺激细胞可促进c-Jun活化，并伴随着MAPK、PI-3K、p53和cyclinD1通路各组成成分的活性增强。2利用MAPK通路的显性失活突变体分别阻断细胞外信号调节激酶和c-Jun氨基末端激酶活性，均可明显抑制BP诱导的c-Jun活化，但阻断p38活性对BP引起的c-Jun活化无明显影响，提示JNK和ERK通路参与调控BP诱导的c-Jun活化。3过表达PI-3K和Akt的显性失活突变体也可显著抑制BP诱导的c-Jun活化，并降低磷酸化ERK的表达水平，但对磷酸化JNK的表达水平无明显影响，说明PI-3K/Akt通路通过ERK正性调控了BP诱导的c-Jun活化。4p53的化学/分子抑制剂能使BP作用的细胞内c-Jun活性明显增加，并同时诱导Akt和ERK的磷酸化水平的升高，表明p53可通过PI-3K/Akt/ERK通路对BP诱导的c-Jun活化进行负性调控。5随后观察转染细胞的生长情况，发现TAM67对细胞正常生长和形态无明显影响。6稳定表达TAM67可有效抑制BP诱导的S期细胞数的增加，提示c-Jun在BP致细胞周期改变的过程中发挥了重要作用。7TAM67过表达能够抑制BP诱导的cyclin D1活化，降低磷酸化Rb以及E2F1蛋白表达水平，表明c-Jun参与调控BP诱导的cyclin D1/Rb/E2F1通路的活化。8过表达TAM67可使BP刺激的细胞中p53、p21总蛋白以及p53磷酸化的表达水平明显升高，可见c-Jun也参与调控BP诱导的p53/p21通路活化。

Solid superacid ; isoamyl acetate ; catalytic synthesis ; kinetic ; activation energy

固体超强酸；乙酸异戊酯；催化合成；动力学；活化能

The activation energy in combustion reactions of three kinds of coal has been recalculated by the improved method and the calculated u is all in the area from 10 t...

采用改进后的方法对3种煤的燃烧反应的活化能重新进行了计算，计算出来的u完全落在区间[10，30]内。

The data of thermal gravimetric analysis is processed by the function of different kinetic mechanism model,and their correlation analyzed.

运用不同动力学机制模型函数分别对热重分析数据进行了处理和相关性分析，结果表明煤炭氧化热解过程符合一级化学反应动力学机制，据此求出活化能等动力学参数。

The activation can be calculated according to the Arrhenius relationship between relaxation time τ and temperature T.

通过松弛时间τ与固化温度T之间的Arrhenius关系可求取固化的表观活化能。

The apparent reaction activation energy of each reaction was obtained by the Arrhenius equation.

根据Arrhenius方程式，得到了各步反应的表观活化能。

The relationship between the curing rate and temperature is accorded with Arrhenius equation.

反应速度与温度的关系符合Arrhenius方程，测得反应表观活化能为29kJ/moI。

However, small number recent studies have indicated that overpressure will retard the clay mineral transformations and enhance the activity energy of kinetic reactions.

然而新近的一些研究表明，超压可以抑制粘土矿物的转化，增加反应活化能。

The reaction kinetics was studied by selecting control-step method as well as modified Debye-Hückel activity coefficient model and Bromley osmotic coefficient model. The results show that the reaction order is 2 and apparent reaction activation energy 85.8 kJ/mol, and the reaction is mainly controlled by precipitation of KB5O8?4H2O.

采用选取控制步骤法并引入修正的Debye-Hückel活度系数模型和Bromley渗透系数模型研究了该反应的动力学的影响规律，得出反应级数为2，表观反应活化能为85.8 kJ/mol，反应主要受四水五硼酸钾晶体析出的控制。

Kinetics on the reaction of epoxy resin with acrylic acid has been studied.

本工作研究了以丙烯酸和环氧树脂为原料合成丙烯酸环氧酯的动力学，认为该反应是一级反应，在此基础上提出了反应机理同时研究了不饱和酸离解常数及溶剂对反应速率常数的影响，进一步支持了上述观点；并且求出了在不同温度中的反应速率常数及反应的活化能。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。