活动

First the electroencephalograph (which is simply a device for recording the electrical activity of the brain by attaching electrodes to the scalp) shows that while there is a change in the pattern of activity during sleep, there is no evidence that the total amount of activity is any less.

第一点，脑电图记录仪（不过是一种把电极接到头皮上记录脑电活动的仪器）显示，人在睡眠时大脑活动的方式有变化，但没有迹象表明其活动总量有任何减少。

"First the electroencephalograph (which is simply a device for recording the electrical activity of the brain by attaching electrode s to the scalp) shows that while there is a change in the pattern of activity during sleep, there is no evidence that the total amount of activity is any less."

第一个因素是脑电图(它不过是一种通过贴在头皮上的电极来测定脑部电活动的仪器)表明在睡眠期间脑部活动形式有改变但活动总量无任何减少。

Curriculum theories such as elementalism , encyclopaedism , polytechnicalism and pragmatism provide a theoretical basis for constructing the school administration teaching material system and lead us to reflect on this problem from two dimensions : 1 what the school administration teaching materials generally describe should represent a complete framework for school administration activities and a typical knowledge scheme 2 the content of school administration teaching materials should not only contains the explicit knowledge of school administration activities but also provide an implicit knowledge to help readers make transformation between the two .

要素主义课程论，百科全书主义课程论，综合技术主义课程论和实用主义课程理论为我们提供了构建学校管理学教材体系的理论基础，引导我们从两个维度来思考构建学校管理学教材体系问题：一是学校管理学教材所描述的整体应该构成学校管理活动的完备的框架和典型的知识脉络，二是学校管理学的教材内容不仅要凝练学校管理活动中的显性知识，还要映射学校管理活动中的隐性知识，帮助读者实现隐性知识和显性知识之间的转换。

The results showed that:(1) some of the past Integrative Activity Course curriculum evaluation criteria ignored the importance of the " teaching activities" and "Instructional Assessment", and lacked reliability and validity data;(2) this new Evaluation Criteria may be used to evaluate textbooks and self-made teaching materials;(3) this Evaluation Criteria contains reliability and validity data;(4) the Epexegesis may help teachers understand the contents of evaluation and is easy to use; and (5) this Evaluation Criteria is useful in teaching teachers to understand the rationale of Integrated Activity Course construction.

本研究得到几点结论：一、过去有些综合活动课程评鉴规准较忽略「教学活动」与「教学评量」的重要，且缺乏信效度资料；二、本研究评鉴规准评鉴指标同时具有评鉴教科书及自编教材的功能；三、本研究评鉴规准提供信效度资料，可供教师进行量化的评鉴；四、本研究评鉴规准提供的「补充说明」不仅帮助教师了解评鉴内容且使用方便；五、本研究评鉴规准具有教导教师了解综合活动课程理念的功能。

The results showed that:(1) some of the past Integrative Activity Course curriculum evaluation criteria ignored the importance of the "teaching activities" and "Instructional Assessment", and lacked reliability and validity data;(2) this new Evaluation Criteria may be used to evaluate textbooks and self-made teaching materials;(3) this Evaluation Criteria contains reliability and validity data;(4) the Epexegesis may help teachers understand the contents of evaluation and is easy to use; and (5) this Evaluation Criteria is useful in teaching teachers to understand the rationale of Integrated Activity Course construction.

本研究得到几点结论：一、过去有些综合活动课程评鉴规准较忽略「教学活动」与「教学评量」的重要，且缺乏信效度资料；二、本研究评鉴规准评鉴指标同时具有评鉴教科书及自编教村的功能；三、本研究评鉴规准提供信效度资料，可供教师进行量化的评鉴；四、本研究评鉴规准提供的「补充说明」不仅帮助教师了解评鉴内容且使用方便；五、本研究评鉴规准具有教导教师了解综合活动课程理念的功能。

It is the change that virtual technology gives birth to a great influence on the human's cognitive activities. First of all, virtual technology has caused obvious change of cognitive relation between subject and object, which includes the change of interaction between subject and object, digitization of cognitive resonance and scene of cognitive model, etc. secondly, virtual technology has improved the subject's cognitive ability and level: the ability of esthesia of the subject has been strengthened, the change of the cognitive structure and the way to obtain information of the subject has been caused and the regulation and control ability of the subject has been improved by virtual technology.

正是这种转向使得虚拟技术对于人类的认识活动产生了重大影响：首先，虚拟技术导致了主客体之间的认识关系发生明显的变化，主要包括主客体作用的方式的变化、认识中介的数字化以及认知模型的情景化等；虚拟技术提高了主体认识能力和水平：虚拟技术增强了主体的感知能力，引起了主体认识结构的变化，认识主体获取信息的方式发生了变革，提高了主体对认识活动的调控能力，张扬了主体在认识活动中的能动性与创造性；虚拟技术拓展了主体的认识领域，即它扩展了主体的认识空间、丰富了主体的认识来源。

It is the change that virtual technology gives birth to a great influence on the human's cognitive activities. First of all, virtual technology has caused obvious change of cognitive relation between subject and object, which includes the change of interaction between subject and object, digitization of cognitive resonance and scene of cognitive model, etc. secondly, virtual technology has improved the subject's cognitive ability and level: the ability of esthesia of the subject has been strengthened, the change of the cognitive structure and the way to obtain information of the subject has been caused and the regulation and control ability of the subject has been improved by virtual technology. Initiative and creativity has been highlighted in the cognitive activity. Lastly, virtual technology has expanded subject's cognitive field, that is to say it has expanded the cognitive space of the subject, and enriched the cognitive source of the subject The appearance of virtual technology leads to great changes of mankind's practices.

正是这种转向使得虚拟技术对于人类的认识活动产生了重大影响：首先，虚拟技术导致了主客体之间的认识关系发生明显的变化，主要包括主客体作用的方式的变化、认识中介的数字化以及认知模型的情景化等；虚拟技术提高了主体认识能力和水平：虚拟技术增强了主体的感知能力，引起了主体认识结构的变化，认识主体获取信息的方式发生了变革，提高了主体对认识活动的调控能力，张扬了主体在认识活动中的能动性与创造性；虚拟技术拓展了主体的认识领域，即它扩展了主体的认识空间、丰富了主体的认识来源。

All normal clerical activities conducted by the clergy and all normal religious activities held either at sites for religious activities or in believers' own homes in accordance with usual religious practices, such as worshipping Buddha, reciting scriptures, going to church, praying, preaching, observing Mass, baptising, monkhood initiation, fasting, celebrating religious festivals, observing extreme unction, and holding memorial ceremonies, are protected by law as the affairs of religious bodies and believers themselves and may not be interfered with.

宗教教职人员履行的正常教务活动，在宗教活动场所以及按宗教习惯在教徒自己家里进行的一切正常的宗教活动，如拜佛、诵经、礼拜、祈祷、讲经、讲道、弥撒、受洗、受戒、封斋、过宗教节日、终傅、追思等，都由宗教组织和教徒自理，受法律保护，任何人不得干涉。

We encourage parent-volunteer/s to join our field trips especially in the Toddler class or when necessary. Please let the teacher/s know if you are available for a particular field trip so that numbers of participants can be arranged.

因为托班孩子的年龄特点，我们在某些户外活动时会需要家长们的帮助，如您能加入志愿者的工作，请在活动前与老师联系，以便我们提早安排各项活动，谢谢！

There should be a good mix of large and small group activities, free choice time and outside play.

日程表里要安排一些大型或者小型的活动，自由活动时间和外出活动时间。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷